{"paper":{"title":"Rubbery layer on polystyrene surface well below the glassy temperature","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"K. C. Wong, Zongyi Qin, Z. Yang","submitted_at":"2014-12-14T13:06:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"The dynamics of polymer surfaces is a controversial subject. Many experimental evidences support the existence of a surface mobile layer, while there are a few equally strong experimental evidences that contradict it. Here we show, through careful studies of the topological evolution of nanometer-size ridges and ditches on rubbed polystyrene surfaces, that there is indeed a surface rubbery layer whose mobility decreases rapidly with depth. The segments in the layer can only be displaced by a finite distance comparable to the depth. The temperature and depth dependence of the surface effective "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.4354","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}