{"paper":{"title":"Quantum field theory for spin operator of the photon","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con","hep-th","physics.atom-ph","physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Farhad. Khosravi, Li-Ping Yang, Zubin Jacob","submitted_at":"2020-04-08T01:51:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"All elementary particles in nature can be classified as fermions with half-integer spin and bosons with integer spin. Within quantum electrodynamics (QED), even though the spin of the Dirac particle is well defined, there exist open questions on the quantized description of spin of the gauge field particle -- the photon. Using quantum field theory, we discover the quantum operators for the spin angular momentum (SAM) $\\boldsymbol{S}_{M}=(1/c)\\int d^{3}x\\boldsymbol{\\pi}\\times\\boldsymbol{A}$ and orbital angular momentum (OAM) $\\boldsymbol{L}_{M}=-(1/c)\\int d^{3}x\\pi^{\\mu}\\boldsymbol{x}\\times\\bol"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2004.03771","kind":"arxiv","version":6},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2004.03771/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}