{"paper":{"title":"Impulsive Hydrodynamic Exfoliation into Monolayer Graphene and Nanofragments by Transonic Flow Focusing","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall","cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"A. Ponce-Torres, A. Rubio-Gonz\\'alez, F. J. Galindo-Rosales, J. M. Montanero, M. A. Herrada","submitted_at":"2026-06-12T12:00:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose using Transonic Flow Focusing (TFF) to produce 2D and 0D nanomaterials. This technique focuses liquid suspensions into high-speed micrometer-scale jets, combining extremely high shear and elongational stresses in a confined, contact-free zone. For the Graphene Nanoplatelets suspensions and TFF operating conditions investigated here, the process promoted exfoliation without added surfactants or oxidative chemistry. Both graphene monolayer flakes ($\\sim 300-400$ nm in lateral size) and monolayer graphene nanofragments with lateral sizes compatible with quantum dots ($\\sim 10-15$ nm) w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.17083","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.17083/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}