{"paper":{"title":"Time Dependence and Density Inversion in Simulations of Vertically Oscillated Granular Layers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"J. Bougie, Jennifer Kreft Pearce, Veronica Policht","submitted_at":"2011-11-19T16:10:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study a layer of grains atop a plate which oscillates sinusoidally in the direction of gravity, using three-dimensional, time-dependent numerical solutions of continuum equations to Navier-Stokes order as well as hard-sphere molecular dynamics simulations. For high accelerational amplitudes of the plate, the layer exhibits a steady-state \"density inversion\" in which a high-density portion of the layer is supported by a lower-density portion. At low accelerational amplitudes, the layer exhibits oscillatory time dependence that is strongly correlated to the motion of the plate. We show that c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.4569","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}