{"paper":{"title":"Understanding the saturation of proton-driven Weibel instabilities and implications for astrophysics","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Chuang Ren, Eric G. Blackman, Wen-fai Fong","submitted_at":"2006-08-01T22:20:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"The linear growth rate and saturation level of magnetic fields for Weibel instabilities driven by ion temperature anisotropy, defined as $\\alpha=(T_\\perp/T_\\parallel)-1$ where $T_\\perp$ and $T_\\parallel$ are ion temperatures perpendicular and parallel to the wave vector, are derived in the small $\\alpha$-limit. It is shown that the ratio of the saturated magnetic energy to the initial ion energy scales as the fourth power of the electron to ion mass ratio, $m/M$, for an initially unmagnetized plasma with $\\alpha\\leq M/m$. Particle-in-cell simulations confirm the mass scaling and also show that"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0608041","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0608041/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}