{"paper":{"title":"Are trading invariants really invariant? Trading costs matter","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","authors_text":"Fabrizio Lillo, Fr\\'ed\\'eric Bucci, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, Michael Benzaquen","submitted_at":"2019-02-09T17:42:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We revisit the trading invariance hypothesis recently proposed by Kyle and Obizhaeva by empirically investigating a large dataset of bets, or metaorders, provided by ANcerno. The hypothesis predicts that the quantity $I:=\\ri/N^{3/2}$, where $\\ri$ is the exchanged risk (volatility $\\times$ volume $\\times$ price) and $N$ is the number of bets, is invariant. We find that the $3/2$ scaling between $\\ri$ and $N$ works well and is robust against changes of year, market capitalisation and economic sector. However our analysis clearly shows that $I$ is not invariant. We find a very high correlation $R"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.03457","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}