{"paper":{"title":"Locating nuclear-powered submarines with antineutrinos","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"A 20 kt antineutrino detector achieves a benchmark detection score of 2.54 for nuclear submarines in the Strait of Gibraltar under conservative assumptions.","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-ex","authors_text":"Sven-Patrik Hallsj\\\"o","submitted_at":"2026-05-15T05:46:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Nuclear-powered submarines are difficult to track with conventional methods in congested waterways. We revisit antineutrino-based detection as a barrier concept, analogous to a neutrino-enabled SOSUS-style fence in strategic straits. Using analytic scaling relations and numerical estimates, we show that detectability depends primarily on closest approach, detector depth, and deployed mass. For representative assumptions, a 20\\,kt detector in the Strait of Gibraltar reaches a local benchmark score $Z_A\\simeq2.54$ for an assumed 100\\,MW thermal-power sensitivity-study case in a conservative wors"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"For representative assumptions, a 20 kt detector in the Strait of Gibraltar reaches a local benchmark score Z_A ≃2.54 for an assumed 100 MW thermal-power sensitivity-study case in a conservative worst-case transit (with Poisson operating point (P_FA, P_det) ≃ (5.5×10^{-3},0.51) at threshold k=2), while a three-detector line raises the mapped score to Z_A ≃4.66.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The analytic scaling relations and numerical estimates rest on the validity of chosen representative values for detector efficiency, background rates, and submarine reactor power output under real-world conditions, as stated in the abstract for the 'conservative worst-case transit' and 'sensitivity-study case'.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Antineutrino-based detection can function as a barrier for locating nuclear submarines, with a 20 kt detector achieving Z_A ≈ 2.54 in the Strait of Gibraltar for a 100 MW case and higher scores with multiple detectors.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"A 20 kt antineutrino detector achieves a benchmark detection score of 2.54 for nuclear submarines in the Strait of Gibraltar under conservative assumptions.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"432558ac9317633207b0b15c041ea1924ba606cc178f5dca8cee4df407c74a7e"},"source":{"id":"2605.15642","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"d2866e64-aeff-4c75-a880-e2aec22ea80d","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-19T19:38:37.785350Z","strongest_claim":"For representative assumptions, a 20 kt detector in the Strait of Gibraltar reaches a local benchmark score Z_A ≃2.54 for an assumed 100 MW thermal-power sensitivity-study case in a conservative worst-case transit (with Poisson operating point (P_FA, P_det) ≃ (5.5×10^{-3},0.51) at threshold k=2), while a three-detector line raises the mapped score to Z_A ≃4.66.","one_line_summary":"Antineutrino-based detection can function as a barrier for locating nuclear submarines, with a 20 kt detector achieving Z_A ≈ 2.54 in the Strait of Gibraltar for a 100 MW case and higher scores with multiple detectors.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The analytic scaling relations and numerical estimates rest on the validity of chosen representative values for detector efficiency, background rates, and submarine reactor power output under real-world conditions, as stated in the abstract for the 'conservative worst-case transit' and 'sensitivity-study case'.","pith_extraction_headline":"A 20 kt antineutrino detector achieves a benchmark detection score of 2.54 for nuclear submarines in the Strait of Gibraltar under conservative assumptions."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.15642/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T20:01:19.263134Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T19:51:34.362691Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-19T19:33:35.670540Z","status":"skipped","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"claim_evidence","ran_at":"2026-05-19T17:21:56.096323Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"3c6f4f24c7e6e383f9daa60386c3a20f9206808b2a48c4b442032b43eb6b665c"},"references":{"count":18,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":1972,"title":"Central Intelligence Agency,Soviet Antisubmarine Warfare: Current Capabilities and Priorities, Tech. 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