{"paper":{"title":"Do ultra compact dwarf galaxies form monolithically or as merged star cluster complexes?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Akram Hasani Zonoozi, Hamidreza Mahani, Hosein Haghi, Pavel Kroupa, Steffen Mieske, Tereza Jerabkova","submitted_at":"2021-03-18T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Some ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) have elevated observed dynamical V-band mass-to-light ($M/L_{\\rm V}$) ratios with respect to what is expected from their stellar populations assuming a canonical initial mass function (IMF). Observations have also revealed the presence of a compact dark object in the centers of several UCDs, having a mass of a few to 15\\% of the present-day stellar mass of the UCD. This central mass concentration has typically been interpreted as a super-massive black hole, but can in principle also be a sub-cluster of stellar remnants. We explore the following two form"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.10439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.10439/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}