{"paper":{"title":"Deterministic Switching of Perpendicular Ferromagnets by Higher harmonics of Spin-orbit Torque in Noncentrosymmetric Weyl Semimetals","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"Higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques enable deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets even when in-plane mirror symmetries are preserved.","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Fei Xue, Naomi Fokkens","submitted_at":"2025-11-15T18:57:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets is a central challenge for spintronics applications, typically requiring explicit symmetry breaking. Here we show that deterministic switching can instead be achieved through higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques, even in systems that preserve in-plane mirror symmetries. Using a vector spherical harmonics expansion, we demonstrate that these higher-harmonic torque components naturally give rise to additional out-of-equator fixed points, enabling reliable magnetization reversal when their magnitude is comparable to conven"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"deterministic switching can instead be achieved through higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques, even in systems that preserve in-plane mirror symmetries.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the higher-harmonic torque components reach magnitudes comparable to the conventional lowest-order torques in the chosen material.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Higher-harmonic components of spin-orbit torque in Weyl ferromagnets enable deterministic magnetization reversal without external fields or additional symmetry breaking.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques enable deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets even when in-plane mirror symmetries are preserved.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"66cb36d0937c330cb5211405a8bf81dd1cbe5de4a86ac651f988496167927f07"},"source":{"id":"2511.12324","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"ae49e5c4-2070-45ee-95ea-08ad04ed350b","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T22:03:12.299595Z","strongest_claim":"deterministic switching can instead be achieved through higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques, even in systems that preserve in-plane mirror symmetries.","one_line_summary":"Higher-harmonic components of spin-orbit torque in Weyl ferromagnets enable deterministic magnetization reversal without external fields or additional symmetry breaking.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the higher-harmonic torque components reach magnitudes comparable to the conventional lowest-order torques in the chosen material.","pith_extraction_headline":"Higher angular harmonics of spin-orbit torques enable deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets even when in-plane mirror symmetries are preserved."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2511.12324/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":48,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2019,"title":"A. Manchon, J. ˇZelezn´ y, I. M. Miron, T. Jungwirth, J. Sinova, A. Thiaville, K. Garello, and P. Gambardella, Rev. Mod. Phys.91, 035004 (2019)","work_id":"bad6f033-a404-4493-b9cd-3f8e69ce2fea","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"J. Grollier, D. Querlioz, K. Y. Camsari, K. Everschor- Sitte, S. Fukami, and M. D. Stiles, Nature Electronics3, 360 (2020)","work_id":"8e169bdc-0163-4c43-a11f-5bc800149363","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2021,"title":"Q. Shao, P. Li, L. Liu, H. Yang, S. Fukami, A. Razavi, H. Wu, K. Wang, F. Freimuth, Y. Mokrousov, M. D. Stiles, S. Emori, A. Hoffmann, J. Akerman, K. Roy, J.- P. Wang, S.-H. Yang, K. Garello, and W. Z","work_id":"413dc0f4-8df1-4eae-b63b-354ebe5999db","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2022,"title":"A. Hoffmann, S. Ramanathan, J. Grollier, A. D. Kent, M. J. Rozenberg, I. K. Schuller, O. G. Shpyrko, R. C. Dynes, Y. Fainman, A. Frano, E. E. Fullerton, G. Galli, V. Lomakin, S. P. Ong, A. K. Petford-","work_id":"63e8b45b-f334-49e3-bf58-9aba4175f6f8","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2011,"title":"I. M. Miron, K. Garello, G. Gaudin, P.-J. Zermatten, M. V. Costache, S. Auffret, S. Bandiera, B. Rodmacq, A. Schuhl, and P. Gambardella, Nature476, 189 (2011)","work_id":"09cad2dc-b8b6-4524-8bea-4fb967d13328","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":48,"snapshot_sha256":"56d920cdb111c12f195f47588d7e38bd9ac33928d897de746e858aa667bf8cb3","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"6ff5780f5457c3a80799b141b39398304288de32358f4f5ff8688cedd2122d3b"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}