{"paper":{"title":"The Born approximation for bound states","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Paul Hoyer","submitted_at":"2017-11-29T13:55:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Bound states are stationary in time and interact continuously. Even a first approximation of atomic wave functions in QED requires contributions of all orders in \\alpha. Bound state perturbation theory depends on the choice of this first approximation, just as the Taylor expansion of an ordinary function depends on the expansion point. Considering the expansion to be not in $\\alpha$ but in $\\hbar$, i.e., in the number of loops, defines the perturbative expansion uniquely also for bound states. I show how the Schr\\\"odinger equation for Positronium with the classical potential $V(r)=-\\alpha/r$ c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.10851","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}