{"paper":{"title":"Ground-based Observations of Temporal Variation of Cosmic Ray Spectrum during Forbush Decreases","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"A. Dal Lago, A. Kadokura, A. S\\'aiz, C. Kato, C. R. Braga, D. Ruffolo, E. Echer, F. Zaman, H. K. Al Jassar, H. Menjo, I. Sabbah, J. Clem, J. V. Bageston, K. Iwai, K. Munakata, M. Kozai, M. L. Duldig, M. M. Sharma, M. Rockenbach, N. Burahmah, N. J. Schuch, N. Miyashita, P. Evenson, P. Muangha, P.-S. Mangeard, R. Kataoka, S. Miyake, S. Seunarine, T. Kuwabara, W. Mitthumsiri, W. Nuntiyakul, Y. Hayashi","submitted_at":"2025-05-13T05:57:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"Observations of temporary Forbush decreases (FDs) in the Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux due to passage of solar storms are useful for space weather studies and alerts. Here we introduce techniques that use global networks of ground-based neutron monitors and muon detectors to measure variations of GCR rigidity spectra in space during FDs by: A) fitting count rate decreases for power-law rigidity spectra in space with anisotropy up to second order, and B) using the \"leader fraction\" derived from a single neutron monitor. We demonstrate that both provide consistent results for hourly spectral in"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.08248","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.08248/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}