{"paper":{"title":"Direct (3+1)D laser writing of graded-index optical elements","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Caroline Juliano, Christophe Moser, Daniel Brunner, Demetri Psaltis, Giulia Panusa, Johnny Moughames, Muamer Kadic, Niyazi Ulas Dinc, Xavier Porte","submitted_at":"2021-06-03T12:01:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose single-step additive fabrication of graded-index optical elements by introducing the light exposure as the additional dimension to three-dimensional (3D) laser writing, hence (3+1)D writing. We use a commercial printer and photoresist to realize the proposed single step fabrication method that can be swiftly adopted for research and engineering. After presenting the characterization of the graded-index profiles via basic structures, we demonstrate two different optical devices: volume holograms that are superimposed using angular and peristrophic multiplexing, and optical waveguides"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.01778","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.01778/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}