{"paper":{"title":"Entangled granular media","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Daniel I. Goldman, David L. Hu, Nick Gravish, Scott V. Franklin","submitted_at":"2012-04-30T14:50:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the geometrically induced cohesion of ensembles of granular \"u-particles\" which mechanically entangle through particle interpenetration. We vary the length-to-width ratio $l/w$ of the u-particles and form them into free-standing vertical columns. In laboratory experiment we monitor the response of the columns to sinusoidal vibration (frequency $f$, peak acceleration $\\Gamma$). Column collapse occurs in a characteristic time, $\\tau$, which follows the relation $\\tau = f^{-1} \\exp(\\Delta / \\Gamma)$. $\\Delta$ resembles an activation energy and is maximal at intermediate $l/w$. Simulation"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.6654","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}