{"paper":{"title":"Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"A. A. Stark, A. D. Biggs, A. H. Gonzalez, A. Rest, A. T. Crites, A. T. Lee, A. Weiss, B. A. Benson, B. Gullberg, B. Stalder, C. De Breuck, C. D. Fassnacht, C. L. Chang, C. L. Reichardt, C. M. Bradford, D. Luong-Van, D. P. Marrone, E. B. Fomalont, E. J.Murphy, E.M. George, E. M. Leitch, E. Shirokoff, F. W. High, G. P. Holder, J. D. Hrubes, J. D. Vieira, J. E. Aguirre, J. E. Carlstrom, J. E. Ruhl, J. J. Bock, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, J. Ruel, J. S. Spilker, K. A. Aird, K. K. Schaffer, K.M.Menten, K. Sharon, K. Story, K. Vanderlinde, L. E. Bleem, L.M.Mocanu, L. Shaw, M. A. Dobbs, M. Aravena, M. Bayliss, M. Bothwell, M. Brodwin, M. D. Gladders, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Lueker, M. Malkan, N. Welikala, N. W. Halverson, R. Keisler, R. Williamson, S. C. Chapman, S. Hoover, S. Padin, S. S.Meyer, T. de Haan, T. M. Crawford, T. Natoli, T. Plagge, T. R. Greve, T. R. Hunter, V. McIntyre, W. L. Holzapfel, Y. D. Hezaveh, Z. Staniszewski1","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T23:36:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"In the past decade, our understanding of galaxy evolution has been revolutionized by the discovery that luminous, dusty, starburst galaxies were 1,000 times more abundant in the early Universe than at present. It has, however, been difficult to measure the complete redshift 2 distribution of these objects, especially at the highest redshifts (z > 4). Here we report a redshift survey at a wavelength of three millimeters, targeting carbon monoxide line emission from the star-forming molecular gas in the direction of extraordinarily bright millimetrewave-selected sources. High-resolution imaging "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2723","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}