{"paper":{"title":"TMDs of Spin-one Targets: Formalism and Covariant Calculations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"nucl-th","authors_text":"Ian C. Clo\\\"et, Wolfgang Bentz, Yu Ninomiya","submitted_at":"2017-07-12T16:28:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a covariant formulation and model calculations of transverse momentum-dependent quark distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-one hadrons. Emphasis is placed on a description of these 3-dimensional distribution functions which is independent of any constraints on the spin quantization axis. We apply our covariant spin description to all nine leading-twist time-reversal even $\\rho$ meson TMDs in the framework provided by the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, incorporating important aspects of quark confinement via the infrared cut-off in the proper-time regularization scheme. In particular, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1707.03787","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}