{"as_of":"2026-08-13T08:15:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:9345982d9fb9698cd75648b1d5c71f3099e39bf9b364f95f9c71c63d9c193f80","coverage":[{"denominator":0,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":11,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":11,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":11,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":11,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T14:17:56.840782Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"arxiv_reference","source_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.02249","last_updated":"2026-04-08T07:26:21Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-03T19:40:41Z","title":"Don't Label Twice: Quantity Beats Quality when Comparing Binary Classifiers on a Budget","version":3},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-24T03:51:30.860281Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2402.02249"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c9c66c05afbf16a3c42db330606d235b17a701b3a91a4df3ef0526c205da8607","observation_id":"5874cb66-9520-40a8-b9c3-81b4ff8ab710","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-24T03:53:54.013827Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T14:17:56.840782Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation,","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.15491","last_updated":"2025-01-26T11:43:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T17:07:12.150682Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-26T11:43:33Z","title":"A Critical Field Guide for Working with Machine Learning Datasets","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T14:17:56.840782Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2501.15491"},"observation_digest":"sha256:02d867812693ccf40813c4700a13cc912c0f8a6ed3a518ea60b5392e2e18f522","observation_id":"fc6c4e04-1ae8-4913-a048-3f52f33a9309","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T14:17:56.840782Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T12:52:40.280218Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.16507","last_updated":"2025-01-27T21:14:18Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T12:46:13.308288Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-27T21:14:18Z","title":"Characterizing Network Structure of Anti-Trans Actors on TikTok","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T12:52:40.280218Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2501.16507"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4046771715f45e84770b6a031f023e32663a1ee33dd3214ee48d5a6f5a120c14","observation_id":"f16e527d-4370-49e2-b9d5-b7068e69f952","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T12:52:40.280218Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T17:16:18.589622Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2502.05961","last_updated":"2025-09-03T09:08:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T05:59:18.010432Z","submitted_at":"2025-02-09T17:09:46Z","title":"The Human Labour of Data Work: Capturing Cultural Diversity through World Wide Dishes","version":3},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-08T17:16:18.589622Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2502.05961"},"observation_digest":"sha256:59696c852af054872265325b165e665271a6180086d9a12de8e26c3de2d6bf81","observation_id":"6ddf16a9-eea6-490b-8c0c-5bc1f92a3ef5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T17:16:18.589622Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T11:17:34.911012Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2510.05864","last_updated":"2026-05-26T13:54:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T23:58:37.748464Z","submitted_at":"2025-10-07T12:33:21Z","title":"On the Sensitivity of Instruction-tuned LLMs to Harmful Sentences in Long Inputs","version":2},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T11:17:34.911012Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2510.05864"},"observation_digest":"sha256:14dfe8dcc7134dbcd121f672e1c3dede3b90e93d0057e893100e0661109ca767","observation_id":"ef4ae2d3-7323-4c38-9663-c45e7b67c2b3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T11:17:34.911012Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2602.11318","last_updated":"2026-04-25T04:44:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T11:15:11.287293Z","submitted_at":"2026-02-11T19:45:17Z","title":"The Consensus Trap: Dissecting Subjectivity and the \"Ground Truth\" Illusion in Data Annotation","version":3},"reference_index":75,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-16T05:09:31.398432Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2602.11318"},"observation_digest":"sha256:72e10762ab26c5506d7a8492c43d03bee5ba169359f4abc36e65a7d75c2f6b4c","observation_id":"06e31f8a-c385-4618-b64b-1890a2011f5c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-16T05:10:39.839295Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2604.16654","last_updated":"2026-04-21T17:02:41Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-02T19:26:51.122713Z","submitted_at":"2026-04-17T19:19:57Z","title":"IYKYK (But AI Doesn't): Automated Content Moderation Does Not Capture Communities' Heterogeneous Attitudes Towards Reclaimed Language","version":2},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-10T08:19:50.909364Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2604.16654"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4b858c0593a8c0d5289e8b54c9b826b6dc67bf576a0436d91a33118e67d1401e","observation_id":"cc935992-316a-4cfc-9dfd-f52c61a04f22","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-10T08:22:37.106297Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2605.07084","last_updated":"2026-05-08T01:08:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:19:30.387067Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-08T01:08:48Z","title":"Beyond Single Ground Truth: Reference Monism as Epistemic Injustice in ASR Evaluation","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-11T01:16:02.828303Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2605.07084"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e78e9c04d5b67c531cf2657461995feed58535c76047fe2d990a53aadf63d1f5","observation_id":"e331b183-2ac9-46aa-b923-bcd7729a13b6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-11T04:31:00.104612Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2605.09955","last_updated":"2026-05-11T04:04:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:21:59.096464Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T04:04:03Z","title":"Beyond Majority Voting: Agreement-Based Clustering to Model Annotator Perspectives in Subjective NLP Tasks","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-05-12T04:24:05.506559Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2605.09955"},"observation_digest":"sha256:99de8c416cad31a5b29a738befa7b8729dbf6f1c7d463c748d1b843c9cb40269","observation_id":"2074b05a-c483-4df7-984a-800a7d724bee","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-12T06:21:24.632151Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.744665Z","title":"Whose ground truth? accounting for individual and collective identities underlying dataset annotation","venue":null,"work_id":"c023fa85-edf4-414c-95d5-dd1b8f2ba32c","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.19151","last_updated":"2026-06-17T14:56:42Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-29T21:37:47.699702Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-17T14:56:42Z","title":"The Market in the Model: Latent Diffusion as Neural Economy","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-26T19:05:25.386543Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.19151"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8499a574493422454d08c933089909e79b4523ea796e47242f53ff6d2a7abe20","observation_id":"cd7ff815-af94-43a5-8a65-e314e0f0ebbf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-04T02:49:24.746179Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04554","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-02T07:44:05.410511Z","title":"& Rosen, R","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2607.09306","last_updated":"2026-07-30T11:40:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:10:34.647618Z","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T11:39:40Z","title":"Exposure is not manifestation: measurement target and output resolution jointly determine which behavioural-faithfulness evaluator wins","version":3},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-02T07:44:05.410511Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04554","citing_paper":"/paper/2607.09306"},"observation_digest":"sha256:70ae4ac72b6cb20f7b9cab78ba459039f242cf3cbfc14e8b1d7385c01ffa4b01","observation_id":"11a71cce-f802-434a-8597-3f3ab262eeae","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-02T07:44:05.410511Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2112.04554/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2112.04554/integrity","json":"/paper/2112.04554/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2112.04554"},"outbound":[],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04554","last_updated":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.LG","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T16:15:32.204863Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T19:56:56Z","title":"Whose Ground Truth? Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Dataset Annotation"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":0,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":0,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":0},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 11 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2112.04554."}