{"as_of":"2026-08-08T16:19:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:6592a368934c2b16f42c4e2658145a86368c67bdb7eaa85b482ad9d98a66f087","coverage":[{"denominator":0,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":21,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":21,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":21,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":21,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T13:32:09.093009Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"arxiv_reference","source_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T13:32:09.093009Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.21680","last_updated":"2025-05-29T20:51:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T22:45:53.640168Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-27T18:58:37Z","title":"multivariateGPT: a decoder-only transformer for multivariate categorical and numeric data","version":2},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T13:32:09.093009Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.21680"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ba4b43ad3b8e250955ec1f3714e44d0b16b7ba068b82fc59679c35797b7b871c","observation_id":"4648c336-43a6-47cc-9355-232b5647d727","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T13:32:09.093009Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T12:35:32.293186Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.24689","last_updated":"2025-05-30T15:12:41Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T14:51:55.989163Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-30T15:12:41Z","title":"BPE Stays on SCRIPT: Structured Encoding for Robust Multilingual Pretokenization","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T12:35:32.293186Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.24689"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8e9cbe867eaba7105c24bffa398a673b5b61101f7f374924f0c5a46bf121c46f","observation_id":"9cf2b8b7-b08a-427a-b738-aa698ae8fc7f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T12:35:32.293186Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T11:52:35.460469Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.01265","last_updated":"2025-06-02T02:35:24Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T22:43:02.324184Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-02T02:35:24Z","title":"Beyond In-Context Learning: Aligning Long-form Generation of Large Language Models via Task-Inherent Attribute Guidelines","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T11:52:35.460469Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.01265"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2af25d7b8a19e048a682b6fedeae4440e018a1969713d9e7d24a2b59faf122fc","observation_id":"8c0ca507-9fee-4f8e-98b9-7cb9c0d12d7d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T11:52:35.460469Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:28:23.956370Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier llms // arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07833","last_updated":"2025-06-13T17:24:38Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T14:52:07.143780Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T14:55:00Z","title":"Improving Large Language Models with Concept-Aware Fine-Tuning","version":2},"reference_index":51,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:28:23.956370Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07833"},"observation_digest":"sha256:abfecd591075b6bed22338f06a3b39efa58832403af598b59bf09efd88734570","observation_id":"260d899d-5546-4b5b-9352-9fc8864fd913","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:28:23.956370Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:38:25.945314Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11115","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:59:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:31:50.556045Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:59:13Z","title":"Incorporating Domain Knowledge into Materials Tokenization","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:38:25.945314Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11115"},"observation_digest":"sha256:72dfa9cd64610988cd7c7f2a5bd22d40b7cc9ab150f8ab836e75cf3a0ca2fd06","observation_id":"5f52bfe7-978b-4257-a696-743e4954402a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:38:25.945314Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T22:49:39.391218Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier llms.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903,","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.20664","last_updated":"2025-06-25T17:55:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T20:30:08.123822Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-25T17:55:27Z","title":"The Decrypto Benchmark for Multi-Agent Reasoning and Theory of Mind","version":1},"reference_index":2017,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T22:49:39.391218Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.20664"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e106deef41891244b35946565e002d4e035704bc88255a8d7af00c164f813d75","observation_id":"9c87e2ad-028a-42c4-bc45-db1759809ecd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T22:49:39.391218Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.12720","last_updated":"2026-05-13T15:04:08Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-03T04:43:10.143472Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-17T01:55:41Z","title":"FLEXITOKENS: Flexible Tokenization for Evolving Language Models","version":4},"reference_index":43,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-19T05:10:19.093601Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.12720"},"observation_digest":"sha256:55c31a5a469e7caed5ebd1fb1721fdc37416b77d42bb686f8d3a99dfe05caba9","observation_id":"9d1cba0c-1440-49e1-ba17-4434449d1ec3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-19T05:12:05.168755Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T11:44:05.142116Z","title":"Singh and DJ Strouse","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.22448","last_updated":"2025-07-30T07:55:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T11:43:58.532083Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-30T07:55:33Z","title":"Falcon-H1: A Family of Hybrid-Head Language Models Redefining Efficiency and Performance","version":1},"reference_index":97,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T11:44:05.142116Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.22448"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8f69802d6ee1d58ad90cd6efad91bc1fbfddd46223d68e41d803e185ef153a7a","observation_id":"a3304daf-b9de-49a4-9691-3c7c562a0ade","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T11:44:05.142116Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T13:29:03.261497Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.00622","last_updated":"2025-08-30T22:31:55Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T02:31:50.485848Z","submitted_at":"2025-08-30T22:31:55Z","title":"BALM-TSF: Balanced Multimodal Alignment for LLM-Based Time Series Forecasting","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-05T13:29:03.261497Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.00622"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ae866e689e023066d71e16fa398726fb3eae12af34baf4adcd3bbe741d75fcdb","observation_id":"49c8fbcb-3d5a-49a3-bcaf-e4333e50c2e9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-05T13:29:03.261497Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.06806","last_updated":"2026-04-11T15:54:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T22:25:58.615083Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-08T15:38:31Z","title":"MachineLearningLM: Scaling Many-shot In-context Learning via Continued Pretraining","version":6},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-18T18:09:18.157131Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.06806"},"observation_digest":"sha256:18b6f28a7f71a67d460e21b1cd31dbe69f879cc31aa9cf604b57b0e401e708a2","observation_id":"9887c841-c659-443e-9963-3ee6a95ef692","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-18T18:11:42.717241Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2510.06824","last_updated":"2026-05-20T14:19:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2025-10-08T09:48:11Z","title":"Efficient numeracy in language models through single-token number embeddings","version":2},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-21T21:09:02.731348Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2510.06824"},"observation_digest":"sha256:29935f5cee2da6eea3833b86df7281c4d31886240f1664a9d742deea73acb8b9","observation_id":"a98403a5-9c06-4407-a1ab-29e96c9a9063","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-21T21:10:38.599554Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-03T08:58:51.011666Z","title":"Singh and DJ Strouse","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2601.15251","last_updated":"2026-06-28T17:05:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T08:20:09.777596Z","submitted_at":"2026-01-21T18:33:15Z","title":"The Effect of Scripts and Formats on LLM Numeracy","version":2},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-03T08:58:51.011666Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2601.15251"},"observation_digest":"sha256:26b8d0f7d65b7fc8d519f0fcbe960fed1ba6d28f3161e64dd72da88418dce272","observation_id":"f6bfa3e8-5902-4e56-9dd4-d6965d0f8cb6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-03T08:58:51.011666Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2604.11582","last_updated":"2026-04-20T22:59:30Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T22:59:59.220594Z","submitted_at":"2026-04-13T14:58:24Z","title":"A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning","version":3},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-10T15:40:51.075093Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2604.11582"},"observation_digest":"sha256:179de29ac324741e04af25ec33a76c5d1ba4cee33a2623c8377c1f50b6ef1f18","observation_id":"868c7b07-7bf2-4b01-aedb-0a9848d884f7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-11T10:01:03.951927Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2604.17105","last_updated":"2026-04-18T18:40:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:04:19.063534Z","submitted_at":"2026-04-18T18:40:56Z","title":"How Tokenization Limits Phonological Knowledge Representation in Language Models and How to Improve Them","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-05-10T06:48:45.333416Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2604.17105"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ba851e2ced3cef9dc1d430014cffda613645954aa7f89ed4081c90e146e1e95c","observation_id":"d7240dc5-a8b7-4d43-b421-5c818b4acd3e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-10T06:51:46.090748Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2604.17814","last_updated":"2026-04-20T05:12:14Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:04:50.935335Z","submitted_at":"2026-04-20T05:12:14Z","title":"Understanding Secret Leakage Risks in Code LLMs: A Tokenization Perspective","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-05-10T05:01:58.893631Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2604.17814"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9d6f755968fdb2aaad99924cf52413c25016c838372608b3148e9cf73fa8966f","observation_id":"4ad61510-cc4a-4206-b912-23713f93eaa4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-10T10:14:10.468298Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2605.12106","last_updated":"2026-05-12T13:20:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:23:48.960874Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-12T13:20:57Z","title":"Large Language Models as Amortized Pareto-Front Generators for Constrained Bi-Objective Convex Optimization","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-05-13T06:24:49.154910Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2605.12106"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a6181904abdc32e1feac51d9bbb638dad4e9227153acfe9211234d2050a8adbb","observation_id":"33369590-274d-454c-bd6b-9a8de05fcca9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-13T06:27:24.637406Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2605.28700","last_updated":"2026-05-28T11:35:37Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T04:49:50.543675Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-27T16:25:31Z","title":"The Importance of Being Statistically Earnest: A Critical Re-evaluation of GSM-Symbolic","version":2},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-29T12:16:43.880352Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2605.28700"},"observation_digest":"sha256:907909723131b8962627ac19e07c30d2f9a522825bc6629222f9e8bc9bf14765","observation_id":"1311c4c7-8a0b-4451-94d9-6c1f59524ff5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-29T12:23:24.470022Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.03645","last_updated":"2026-05-29T10:55:50Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:43:50.943530Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-29T10:55:50Z","title":"The Shape of Addition: Geometric Structures of Arithmetic in Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T23:45:16.789926Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.03645"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2bd2f977a00c9071a198be572180eb02f5fae138753265b317404eb68d1783fd","observation_id":"e8cd926c-a327-4004-8f9b-81512d93cca1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T23:52:49.757156Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.468277Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs.arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14903","venue":null,"work_id":"9a11aa7c-fe37-494a-af3a-84dd52a8b07b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.08562","last_updated":"2026-06-07T10:36:20Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T23:48:02.118629Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-07T10:36:20Z","title":"Inside the LLM Word Factory","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-06-27T18:22:17.403367Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.08562"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5a5c5355e724093aaf20491bca22d2f23ad546ef7a02420a49920285c3b01a1e","observation_id":"1c70fc10-c968-456f-8449-881a023c6e05","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-02T23:17:29.469699Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-01T21:26:21.986538Z","title":"Tokenization counts: The impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs,","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2607.16088","last_updated":"2026-07-21T19:19:37Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T22:42:27.422101Z","submitted_at":"2026-07-17T16:18:40Z","title":"Variable-length Gray codes for the Natural Numbers","version":2},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-01T21:26:21.986538Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2607.16088"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6ad7c5ff9b305dd8f9fbb7487d7d0eff05a4c70bcc49b6eb3317a44a1459f0e5","observation_id":"a45c1808-d67d-48b1-9336-18b6c48798df","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-01T21:26:21.986538Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.14903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-31T11:19:35.624415Z","title":"Singh and DJ Strouse","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2607.24585","last_updated":"2026-07-27T15:51:41Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T13:03:57.696225Z","submitted_at":"2026-07-27T15:51:41Z","title":"From Data to Device: ELMOD An Efficient German-First 2.7B Language Model for Mobile Inference","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-07-31T11:19:35.624415Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.14903","citing_paper":"/paper/2607.24585"},"observation_digest":"sha256:29c550d1604e016007cee891c47ed9d951374bd51af6fb47fb5d855d4651882e","observation_id":"9b4ec98f-2079-40c9-b1b6-17e0a5c92fb2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-31T11:19:35.624415Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2402.14903/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2402.14903/integrity","json":"/paper/2402.14903/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2402.14903"},"outbound":[],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.14903","last_updated":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:41:26.296186Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-22T18:14:09Z","title":"Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":0,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":0,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":0},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 21 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2402.14903."}