{"as_of":"2026-08-13T13:19:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:ba8248489dca0a5ad22388da3a196bf9590986652a598d2afec335ccee37e445","coverage":[{"denominator":78,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":78,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.850402Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":78,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":78,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2412.04503/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2412.04503/integrity","json":"/paper/2412.04503/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.986721Z","title":"Macmillan","venue":null,"work_id":"ef148649-2ced-44d4-b139-52989b6bc511","year":1967},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.622426Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4b8a800adcd8cf9d9a52f898f764a681e060cf2e5efc4ed9fa26e8bd91632d4a","observation_id":"38fec29e-1180-4a66-ab58-95e12d55040c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.989712Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.978610Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"93e37821-46cc-4100-a03a-8ec577b16ae9","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.626614Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b6c97e94a0440d8c3a709ed5a10dff64abf93725dca1d14596961e7d413717f3","observation_id":"ad587170-51d0-42ac-883b-5b2628fef3ec","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.981571Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.970330Z","title":"Technical Report, University of Oxford","venue":null,"work_id":"a594689b-4c90-4f1a-b3cf-b1106f0d27f6","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.629886Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:311ac076fa73ac5350c6ce6e5d72bed6201b2e1fd736cdb8c6ddc1cd6859bb27","observation_id":"f81c67e1-8bfa-450e-bbef-1464bb07c9f8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.973464Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2304.12210","last_updated":"2023-06-28T14:15:22Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T11:56:07.768546Z","submitted_at":"2023-04-24T15:49:53Z","title":"A Cookbook of Self-Supervised Learning","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2304.12210","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.633119Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12210","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.633119Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2304.12210","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ccfc0c73f3cafcd47282c07bd66bf3ba4ce13216a41aac6b100ca2742ff6c789","observation_id":"f6608959-4a52-4fb7-b7b2-24f0fc8a960c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.633119Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.961670Z","title":"Available at https://www.deeplearning.ai/courses/ generative-ai-with-llms/","venue":null,"work_id":"be656047-819f-40aa-a0e3-99b75be33fcc","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.636727Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:af2f5de232e8194ef5059f9d52767f0e052ffc0240d2c0ed6d6e2f8cd77a789d","observation_id":"24dfc99b-a06b-4e7a-b91a-e5a058e1ce3c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.965146Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.953704Z","title":"(2017): Tfx: A tensorflow-based production- scale machine learning platform","venue":null,"work_id":"2373eb3d-f751-48f2-a42d-a28f42273e40","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.639662Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d8b29be5ea544704fe937ff0dffeab7853446b68b01c237cd7696d8778fb0e73","observation_id":"cc6dc008-cb24-4c8f-8104-0ccf3999b4a2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.956701Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1038/d41586-023-02361-7","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.065515Z","title":"Nature 619(7971), pp","venue":null,"work_id":"e1f863bb-6db0-4960-b977-9cef79892526","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.642464Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:732e19d2384fcbf8484bcf00c0db7e3efeb566d6e4b0c386bea8a2c624a4f02a","observation_id":"3805fef6-b61b-470e-bccf-fe53a653d0cf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.068750Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.945616Z","title":"Technical Report, Messari","venue":null,"work_id":"9de6ef23-60be-499a-a54e-9a4b8bf54405","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.645353Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:098211bdbf58242fc7eb709d1979147f4ff280ff74c66d91591ff17c9d90d1c9","observation_id":"6a92f7d3-4758-4ed2-b60f-2600c6c442b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.948599Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2005.14165","last_updated":"2020-07-22T19:47:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2020-05-28T17:29:03Z","title":"Language Models are Few-Shot Learners","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2005.14165","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.647765Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.647765Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2005.14165","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:274389f407e38e6c98bca82af41a72146e9104e81519bd3df7e2a012ced48071","observation_id":"20b6bf39-086e-4223-bab1-408246ec5b15","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.647765Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-99136-0.00001-5","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.056141Z","title":"In Tung-Hung Su & Jia-Horng Kao, editors: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning in Precision Medicine in Liver Diseases , Academic Press, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"0b164b0c-11c6-49d2-b66d-52689ec8f3cf","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.650415Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:516eeb2503110b3e5611c29bc681dd58e82161e5a5cec37f485f3cc611c04a62","observation_id":"4006a825-8269-47ed-8717-30f05c5020b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.059464Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2003.10555","last_updated":"2020-03-23T21:17:42Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T12:55:51.308870Z","submitted_at":"2020-03-23T21:17:42Z","title":"ELECTRA: Pre-training Text Encoders as Discriminators Rather Than Generators","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2003.10555","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.652890Z","title":"Le & Christopher D","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.652890Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2003.10555","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5a97f84fbed88e958976bcdebf9d6c7a709d932305c28df97b27b0c8d768a80a","observation_id":"fd3b87be-529d-4af4-bd25-98fb55732423","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.652890Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1810.04805","last_updated":"2019-05-24T20:37:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-30T09:12:38.100527Z","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T00:50:01Z","title":"BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1810.04805","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.655722Z","title":"arXiv:1810.04805","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.655722Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1810.04805","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:22ecf29f1dbbb0c51c5cc0a90d8989714140004d8fbd4a1d32a36d6360095d8d","observation_id":"7dd3846d-0b43-4c89-a8b3-d891d52a0c74","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.655722Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.658912Z","title":"Science 384(6702), pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.658912Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:95abfb5472c9fc1fcb0ce0642240138880307f1a1a40a043631a6557eba06f3e","observation_id":"f19d06ca-4075-4528-9315-a1721ac834cf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.658912Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.937268Z","title":"TechCrunch","venue":null,"work_id":"d48522b9-ad8f-491f-a8de-11259c10ebed","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.662236Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bbbdefea95a3d2337045e779ea3de6ba17241385f5eae0e8ec18f24bb36bd047","observation_id":"2aff7a55-36ba-4a5b-8f0f-7bc4d78fc7c7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.940240Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.928536Z","title":"Princeton University Press, Princeton","venue":null,"work_id":"23c9c969-4a0f-49a1-86c2-74a481496dbf","year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.665025Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:941542ab05f2d3ab8e1f974e02bffd5daaca282113695f637278b3f568015d5e","observation_id":"e650990d-a73a-443a-a33a-fb583fcf7ce3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.931800Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.7759/cureus.45473","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.042711Z","title":"Cureus 15(9), doi:https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45473","venue":null,"work_id":"f999e6fe-24ca-44c3-a24b-8890ec3026fa","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.667934Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8bb8d66b70f6339a2abf5f76aaee4a4eb274364fd0173b52a214d8ab71fd6426","observation_id":"53da346b-3291-4d3a-a8cf-e4c680000098","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.045900Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.921063Z","title":"Computational Linguistics, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"88b7b897-4110-41a5-8305-c2fb7f1324f6","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.670966Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:54a8d177afe8ec0f40e1a11893b27756331a0e9f849ae89a753f4243edfc1a8b","observation_id":"a1695950-d521-4200-94eb-9dfa7a59e792","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.923825Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.912625Z","title":"In: International conference on machine learning, PMLR, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"57da831a-5715-43b6-8822-a5ee9b6da518","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.673836Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:53460524c3bc5696697703d999ded0cd43fbf1ccc67683d104e6529dbee43bd8","observation_id":"010d5d88-a6d6-4098-ba78-4cec6860aec4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.915804Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.001","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.033224Z","title":"Hannigan, Ian P","venue":null,"work_id":"a167d6dc-a3c6-4099-ae61-589db4cc2ba0","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.676543Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cfcb7220dd554643811cba3db2db6b6a356d2c7671590f99dc961f45addc9b6c","observation_id":"957c98eb-30a4-4ec6-96a1-bb1a9f9e8509","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.036344Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.3390/ai4020021","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.024375Z","title":"AI 4(2), p","venue":null,"work_id":"9009189e-9c6c-4c51-a327-fa947f991063","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.679468Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d4b8a28b789ea731b498743ea79478b265e122f98707362516f2f9989c9bff9d","observation_id":"8e7391e9-f8bc-4a18-b3b1-a28ffb0d0541","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.027557Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.682373Z","title":"Ethics and Information Technology 26(2), p","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.682373Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1e61926fb55844a3cbb43729663b1716917bf2809b02a9dfe5a5c47955c0567f","observation_id":"d5b59d2a-8cb5-4db1-bc21-93ffd17e360c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.682373Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1503.02531","last_updated":"2015-03-09T15:44:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T04:11:24.157003Z","submitted_at":"2015-03-09T15:44:49Z","title":"Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1503.02531","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.685249Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.02531","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.685249Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1503.02531","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:925ca269528582f7edd435e98bfa612a880dd10aee945f94c11dff2dfaa3ebad","observation_id":"bf33f30c-6508-4130-9060-59eed252d0d7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.685249Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.688317Z","title":"International journal of uncertainty, fuzziness, and knowledge-based sys- tems 6(2), pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.688317Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:eba73e6bd0ed050a9cd2c25f74fe6e07fa121f80b8de2bc376503abe5a901ad3","observation_id":"5b3e4029-0810-4f01-8c01-939951180041","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.688317Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2203.15556","last_updated":"2022-03-29T13:38:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T19:52:33.533277Z","submitted_at":"2022-03-29T13:38:03Z","title":"Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2203.15556","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.691162Z","title":"arXiv (Cornell University) , doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.15556","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.691162Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2203.15556","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d3b00bd49effd27db9cb959fa0ca53f5a49bcb4b5fcfad9616659a678dd7aadd","observation_id":"1e9049fa-bfa8-4620-86ef-59440e69943b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.691162Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1712.09923","last_updated":"2017-12-28T16:46:05Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T06:16:23.065777Z","submitted_at":"2017-12-28T16:46:05Z","title":"What do we need to build explainable AI systems for the medical domain?","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1712.09923","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.694478Z","title":"Pattichis & Douglas B","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.694478Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1712.09923","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3fad9cc5c0d04da50b76cd8cd24472080406333e01e8971e9063b92bef44e213","observation_id":"ada3332a-e711-4a63-aac1-c9e016a15bee","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.694478Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1902.00751","last_updated":"2019-06-13T17:48:30Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T07:30:44.870185Z","submitted_at":"2019-02-02T16:29:47Z","title":"Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for NLP","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1902.00751","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.697557Z","title":"arXiv.org","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.697557Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1902.00751","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2ed452f91693e455a69fc7646fc589da5a8d0256bb156db158eb2726371d85cf","observation_id":"83fd9783-1b36-43e6-9e21-adffbc981eb2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.697557Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2106.09685","last_updated":"2021-10-16T18:40:34Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T08:20:29.798517Z","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T17:37:18Z","title":"LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2106.09685","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.700584Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09685","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.700584Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2106.09685","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6271728646e8f8e8fec8794f3263765eeda67eaa574c593d7f00ace93dba7317","observation_id":"7a3f71c3-ecb3-4ac2-9327-223b4364b0bd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.700584Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.703786Z","title":"Jelinek (1976): Continuous speech recognition by statistical methods","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1976},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.703786Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9b81bba895ecc531665c94edbbf84af96c2f2eb11092c83879f0ff0927cd2f50","observation_id":"a4324ca1-f17f-4133-802a-a8068dbdb49b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.703786Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.904748Z","title":"Available at https://keras.io/about/","venue":null,"work_id":"9abcd75e-c215-4456-80c5-ac30c529c14c","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.706478Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:85c737a2fa9cc2f76c2060f758735b9739b1e548c58ba2edd42817cf409691ac","observation_id":"0d622e28-5942-4752-8fd8-da58a467facb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.907776Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.709735Z","title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114(13), pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.709735Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1fa3f5c51c01ff5acfc541f5dee42500d35a0e91017a47fc0a562428000d8ff9","observation_id":"a309d32a-28f6-4501-b50e-6fddd9a2b34d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.709735Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2001.04451","last_updated":"2020-02-18T16:01:18Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T08:50:12.690900Z","submitted_at":"2020-01-13T18:38:28Z","title":"Reformer: The Efficient Transformer","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2001.04451","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.712540Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04451","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.712540Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2001.04451","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:098e7c04652372bae31de6730017fbc52d45b8f61c927cab494d6ebba984fe45","observation_id":"e0dc5b37-eab1-4115-ba88-220e288556d2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.712540Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2302.02083","last_updated":"2024-11-04T19:51:53Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T12:51:03.584748Z","submitted_at":"2023-02-04T03:50:01Z","title":"Evaluating Large Language Models in Theory of Mind Tasks","version":7},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2302.02083","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.715268Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02083","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.715268Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2302.02083","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:008745e33e3af131ee0f530ab15b6ee7088ad4ccdf57fa0b8717856c2001e6ed","observation_id":"5b3d0fd5-b33b-42ad-8df3-b290d40540e7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.715268Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.718828Z","title":"Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 190, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.718828Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d1989f69984c79979625405e8fb60dda32321806e21c95d8d4f34c03c586535e","observation_id":"d24f8bea-c2a6-4e4c-aa73-2881e041863f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.718828Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1910.13461","last_updated":"2019-10-29T18:01:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T08:33:12.534026Z","submitted_at":"2019-10-29T18:01:00Z","title":"BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1910.13461","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.721132Z","title":"arXiv:1910.13461","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.721132Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1910.13461","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:57a35abe5354a5768fc66e9eea5ff71e41c73c3812b80ed35141bd41d62cf82f","observation_id":"ef3f20c4-7b98-453d-816b-d2dc725dffe0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.721132Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2406.04836","last_updated":"2024-06-07T11:09:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T23:47:58.762547Z","submitted_at":"2024-06-07T11:09:13Z","title":"Revisiting Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Model Tuning","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2406.04836","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.723709Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.723709Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2406.04836","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:93f99f2afc136dbefd0a62e3ac34c23740c1f43898adce6b693b99b023a7ae4e","observation_id":"3d2bf013-9a1c-49dc-8f16-d471d48ee196","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.723709Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2101.00190","last_updated":"2021-01-01T08:00:36Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T12:37:28.207761Z","submitted_at":"2021-01-01T08:00:36Z","title":"Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2101.00190","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.727145Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.00190","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.727145Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2101.00190","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:47c009eef760e05d0f3e241ce68aa318bd793f3fecc23f62f47709f0bce3afd4","observation_id":"87cf7dc8-791a-4691-a702-e6ac858dc22c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.727145Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.896297Z","title":"Advances in neural information processing systems 31","venue":null,"work_id":"4673880d-21b9-42a7-9e32-455bee06cbc3","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.730200Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9ce1868692318cc5456ea59e0cafa4c1d8150e7e1f3c5d4a16a2fd4c1f5d3e7e","observation_id":"c17eb0d7-d307-4a87-bbd0-067f9fe8c240","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.899399Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.15647","last_updated":"2024-11-22T05:02:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T12:15:14.715678Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-28T00:06:38Z","title":"Scaling Down to Scale Up: A Guide to Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.15647","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.732850Z","title":"Available at http: //arxiv.org/abs/2303.15647","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.732850Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.15647","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4dd43f125b3ad80a63f5feeb3e1173481cb075a2a5c219f6bad9827b7d026d9f","observation_id":"ba534501-e48a-4f66-a669-c15617b68837","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.732850Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.15670","last_updated":"2024-01-28T14:32:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T05:42:13.395091Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-28T14:32:15Z","title":"YODA: Teacher-Student Progressive Learning for Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2401.15670","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.736086Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/ 2401.15670","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.736086Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.15670","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c255d624760787fb14cc23a1f2c52b671b18627c8162d24cc05f0778b56d1ef0","observation_id":"a7f337f4-d9ba-4c07-b111-a242ed6c0d4e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.736086Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2308.08747","last_updated":"2025-01-05T04:09:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T01:52:30.559515Z","submitted_at":"2023-08-17T02:53:23Z","title":"An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2308.08747","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.739115Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08747","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.739115Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2308.08747","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4ee8a93a93a7284379ad968669a785b6a8f54b99da0b27c22168fa5627e7b7a9","observation_id":"2041013e-d81a-4597-a7f7-abac2e830f7b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.739115Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1602.05629","last_updated":"2023-01-26T22:54:08Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T15:36:06.149868Z","submitted_at":"2016-02-17T23:40:56Z","title":"Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1602.05629","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.742077Z","title":"Brendan McMahan, Eider Moore, Daniel Ramage, Seth Hampson & Blaise Ag ¨uera y Arcas (2023): Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.742077Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1602.05629","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:347a644634657b717305f41573c6c496a817ead46e90499696a268a27e7f1dc9","observation_id":"002299d7-6ed9-410d-90b9-713a577408d5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.742077Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.745204Z","title":"Jackson (2024): A Turing test of whether AI chatbots are behaviorally similar to humans","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.745204Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8bb6b54ab07fa071b12e0a49a950d4d25c49bd6fde7670238f7b7b925c22d894","observation_id":"b001d50a-71e6-4055-946c-7f1a80f04104","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.745204Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.888125Z","title":"In: Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 2022 Workshops, PT II, Lecture Notes in Computer Science13374, Springer Nature, CHAM, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"910293a4-3839-4f1a-9444-25244c614f17","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.748138Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:80868965c1e47653984204062012333128212416e1f7090550101f753f222cf7","observation_id":"03c3504c-0b11-46bd-9564-6bfa2a05fc24","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.891096Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.878737Z","title":"Transactions of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval4, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"3209b7f2-3450-4854-b49a-e1582bc2f0fb","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.751073Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fdf9274a01c27b7aab5fdcf2b553fb655497d0b4e360b20c6cd84855e599e952","observation_id":"e1410a89-231f-4bee-802d-b51bde537585","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.882695Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2405.12630","last_updated":"2024-08-09T00:01:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T00:03:09.668475Z","submitted_at":"2024-05-21T09:33:31Z","title":"Exploration of Masked and Causal Language Modelling for Text Generation","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2405.12630","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.753902Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/ 2405.12630","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.753902Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2405.12630","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6659e4ccae37adf504c26fe8cde695579cb63ae10b3769fb501d058002c63305","observation_id":"5d631292-ac67-47ad-a16e-da5f10f342f0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.753902Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.870151Z","title":"In: 2023 3rd International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for Industry Applications (ICIMIA), IEEE, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"4e08fcdb-8c91-4daf-aa88-7b3982785790","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.757147Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1ddcc77c94eea0cb805c5bf4a471fe63254be124b42409fb17cc77aa85f1bac0","observation_id":"2b7802a5-3c69-46a1-9ace-a6e81ce3856f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.873265Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.760241Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 38th ACM International Conference on Supercomputing , ICS ’24, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY , USA, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.760241Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5cfa258d589ead6688fe6a84705d11e74f71d9940068ca02a5195f1a666621cd","observation_id":"dbf53c73-5618-4016-ab6b-dc0e100dcc84","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.760241Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.763119Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.763119Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:edfa30bed4f647bdbdfa9b32a58bc00518e6b071288ad9f09497cf7f434749be","observation_id":"7d63cf03-3c10-466b-839b-e40958f65274","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.763119Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2307.06435","last_updated":"2024-10-17T01:10:40Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-07-12T20:01:52Z","title":"A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models","version":10},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2307.06435","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.766259Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.06435","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.766259Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2307.06435","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:825bd21f2c957af444d9ededf2bc5bd89efe1cbb2073b41a9ed8600d8432b92d","observation_id":"c3716f40-081a-4b52-a2d9-b1cdac3f9352","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.766259Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.861205Z","title":"Available at https://www.deeplearning.ai/","venue":null,"work_id":"05631f2d-153b-4aab-91cf-e27801ff0c5a","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.769573Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b1b4cd01ab1c6a5bcd1730497fb74ba1e44afe29e473efb25db39608bbe9e46a","observation_id":"1d13b9a3-d3ca-4b7c-b05e-5dc24844992a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.864167Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2408.01505","last_updated":"2024-08-02T18:05:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T23:09:26.135055Z","submitted_at":"2024-08-02T18:05:10Z","title":"MoDE: Effective Multi-task Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning with a Mixture of Dyadic Experts","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2408.01505","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.772858Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/ abs/2408.01505","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.772858Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2408.01505","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d4bbf5ad488fc76e3f1f0cf2114a03c7671944702ce4234287208a77a87c6e8a","observation_id":"b35573ba-e9e0-478b-889e-f05e91039d0d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.772858Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2203.02155","last_updated":"2022-03-04T07:04:42Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2022-03-04T07:04:42Z","title":"Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2203.02155","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.776127Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.02155","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.776127Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2203.02155","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3a4015a6bd7e0d95f03b9c0d15b0e3d96661cdd9224ca51d557ee1ef1179393f","observation_id":"b9cfdfa9-c65f-4dbc-8194-dd20637d0040","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.776127Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.778860Z","title":"Computers and Electronics in Agri- culture 225, p","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.778860Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:122508c4523174b7aefbef7fc9d88c9ae5e651f957ef7a88098cabc6c6b9f920","observation_id":"9c0be17d-bfdc-4a83-bd27-f03c63da374c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.778860Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2408.13296","last_updated":"2024-10-30T01:04:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T22:58:36.142991Z","submitted_at":"2024-08-23T14:48:02Z","title":"The Ultimate Guide to Fine-Tuning LLMs from Basics to Breakthroughs: An Exhaustive Review of Technologies, Research, Best Practices, Applied Research Challenges and Opportunities","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2408.13296","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.781203Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.13296","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.781203Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2408.13296","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c5afa8942347baa8ef21f96f681ba84861a589a888b18cd0355c5d6c4e25faa5","observation_id":"4f284808-0dcc-4b39-8040-24e6ad7d669f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.781203Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.851939Z","title":"In: EACL 2021 - 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the Conference, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"55ce2e00-9483-4725-8d4f-57e61196b3cd","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.783732Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c7a4421fe88a3900e1e168fe09eb93f6769230eaf06bec6e6ff11f2f29ff02e5","observation_id":"a6ec511c-034b-4a7f-aa64-5d12cb93d830","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.855138Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1910.10683","last_updated":"2023-09-19T15:14:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2019-10-23T17:37:36Z","title":"Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1910.10683","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.786035Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1910","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.786035Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1910.10683","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5352cdedad54213131a0a18bae3536dd372933b83d214a06411562df909e5159","observation_id":"f3e574ab-390e-485f-a3de-e2f56de4ac2a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.786035Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1811.11682","last_updated":"2019-11-26T13:01:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T23:53:00.774753Z","submitted_at":"2018-11-28T17:04:27Z","title":"Experience Replay for Continual Learning","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1811.11682","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.788739Z","title":"Available at http: //arxiv.org/abs/1811.11682","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.788739Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1811.11682","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:78f6d55ae31e93887d38a4c4b8c54c4a756712e084ece474d32b9c45b015d682","observation_id":"86006878-2708-4138-9dd5-8cc793862ed9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.788739Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1007/s13748-020-00218-y","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.930741Z","title":"Progress in Artificial Intelligence 9(4), pp","venue":null,"work_id":"cfed5390-269a-4c9d-ae6f-92c44c966afb","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.791832Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1926fd97d28e5f4a188b363905988386c058f88f5d71844b85317a565391b92b","observation_id":"20138761-6272-4cd1-9781-b9ff92a39e91","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.933829Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1606.04671","last_updated":"2022-10-22T14:34:44Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T00:19:22.520801Z","submitted_at":"2016-06-15T08:20:51Z","title":"Progressive Neural Networks","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1606.04671","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.794753Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.04671","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.794753Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1606.04671","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bb0c5035f2eb87d3d85481fa0a47734940623ea0911c2fb32cb3785a658bc8da","observation_id":"6e01edbf-80fa-494d-9713-c83978d7f012","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.794753Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.797958Z","title":"In: 2024 IEEE Conference on Artificial In- telligence (CAI), IEEE, Singapore, Singapore, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.797958Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f966a689d7c10671f6120a9dc102d1c257ce9da875f935f3ec1a215261cd4481","observation_id":"217690b4-b4f6-48ca-9532-2fa354f11522","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.797958Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-51071-9","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.915072Z","title":"Nature Communications 15(1), p","venue":null,"work_id":"7d8a8c07-b8b7-45d3-ad86-b060314fb15f","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.800630Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fc41bdb4478783042d976287ab27412e1ef022f9d54d1d73ce25915fc88f9d33","observation_id":"50ec9660-e8f9-486f-af2a-b30da1310a2e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.918001Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2305.17493","last_updated":"2024-04-14T05:20:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T16:03:40.517679Z","submitted_at":"2023-05-27T15:10:41Z","title":"The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2305.17493","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.803601Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.17493","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.803601Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2305.17493","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2b2dae9625cfffd97e03b68a77b683968074d489b609c907823ad0846632466c","observation_id":"109e4da7-c9ea-4b7c-9fa4-bfc1e8eff661","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.803601Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.843296Z","title":"Pearson, Hoboken, New Jersey","venue":null,"work_id":"fe4c4b30-bec0-49ec-833f-92371a90705c","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.806467Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c2785bc46d115349dd426cc72c4ce474fcec8b2db20ee37dca2f7fb9f9a2cd17","observation_id":"bf713de6-2a4f-4b94-ab56-0b48bc42a24c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.846316Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.809252Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":64,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.809252Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:49b1b07d97335f3fae333a1c855a99abf513d334247fec48b1a7635302b6b364","observation_id":"b99a01d9-fdf8-4e66-9617-6933eea1dfa4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.809252Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2410.01819","last_updated":"2024-09-16T06:00:42Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T22:44:21.427411Z","submitted_at":"2024-09-16T06:00:42Z","title":"Strategic AI Governance: Insights from Leading Nations","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2410.01819","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.01819","metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2410.01819","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T00:16:22.474752Z","title":"Strategic AI Governance: Insights from Leading Nations","venue":"cs.CY","work_id":"63d44287-6797-4b24-a7ef-1412ceb6cd5c","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":65,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.812092Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2410.01819","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:895180bb4e4a26c5cd9ff719d6af80d97182f2f2e163ff2007f57977a0b40cf2","observation_id":"96dc98f9-c37e-471a-b158-a86f83f5921e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.904727Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2302.13971","last_updated":"2023-02-27T17:11:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-02-27T17:11:15Z","title":"LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2302.13971","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.815170Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13971","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":66,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.815170Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2302.13971","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b56145e47a12db05f118580701dbb24227e5942352187cbb3e5bb16eb3efcd40","observation_id":"4ae66616-6474-472b-9e53-367627bc846f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.815170Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1706.03762","last_updated":"2023-08-02T00:41:18Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2017-06-12T17:57:34Z","title":"Attention Is All You Need","version":7},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1706.03762","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.818525Z","title":"Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser & Illia Polosukhin (2023): Attention Is All You Need , doi:10.48550/arXiv.1706.03762","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":67,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.818525Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1706.03762","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:edaaff1a51da511a4af9a02d6b93d0bd52e7597727ee170cd7f03775f9c48989","observation_id":"edc6ea19-16a4-44e0-8ac8-2cbf90f6d988","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.818525Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2204.05832","last_updated":"2022-04-12T14:19:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T21:21:45.167487Z","submitted_at":"2022-04-12T14:19:49Z","title":"What Language Model Architecture and Pretraining Objective Work Best for Zero-Shot Generalization?","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2204.05832","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.821787Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.05832","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":68,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.821787Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2204.05832","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:29d60de46c4e335846cddaa814850c5a9b7b4b4bfb502b0db02eb96f41bcd004","observation_id":"6d3fbd3f-d555-4de2-9fc1-11758331c79b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.821787Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2109.01652","last_updated":"2022-02-08T20:26:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T01:55:08.127780Z","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T17:55:52Z","title":"Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learners","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2109.01652","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.824968Z","title":"Avail- able at https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.01652","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":69,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.824968Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2109.01652","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df556db47d099dbf0208369e8ddf9da0630fb5eab37c2030e60569a1da9fe9be","observation_id":"1fe7f24e-b806-4b81-9049-c0cfd8cf24ba","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.824968Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2201.11903","last_updated":"2023-01-10T23:07:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T07:04:41.220509Z","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T02:33:07Z","title":"Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models","version":6},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2201.11903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.827904Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.11903","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":70,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.827904Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2201.11903","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:54d8f97ffdf4aaf9e82bd7c02806146a85c03505cfe06f44a4b8d0bab010051f","observation_id":"dfb2fae8-157e-4796-a51d-a9f8d2bed11a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.827904Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.834361Z","title":"Innovation in language learning and teaching, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"89e8e09a-4a96-4519-987d-9feee6b3776e","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":71,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.831027Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:134ba42424d6aac1a5777de5960a74ccd43338e3314ade6404b474c154586ea7","observation_id":"c2782c68-b58b-4ff3-87bc-c8d24efef96e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.837683Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.17564","last_updated":"2023-12-21T06:21:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-30T17:30:36Z","title":"BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.17564","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.833806Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.17564v3","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":72,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.833806Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.17564","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:383a044a55780a5e8d7c336d36d75e6700b00d3ab86c1a0b3acabfb367bfc598","observation_id":"7f264e8f-804b-4773-9e31-7615584b347a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.833806Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.836714Z","title":"Na- ture Machine Intelligence 5(12), pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":73,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.836714Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:05fcb236a7d01a6db31a1407a97122641197666e114fba30cbece2a07bc7c74a","observation_id":"bc62ce6e-bde6-456e-b707-8f0c22540d93","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.836714Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2010.11934","last_updated":"2021-03-11T18:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T03:40:31.715335Z","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T17:58:14Z","title":"mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2010.11934","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.839598Z","title":"Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11934","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":74,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.839598Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2010.11934","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:01e292ad5f64506fe3a2eed94add5c99633460c5bf1f6c91a8997c034172cdff","observation_id":"e1c85543-2135-424f-bf2e-f475f5797e26","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.839598Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.842607Z","title":"In: 2019 Fifth Workshop on Energy Efficient Machine Learning and Cognitive Comput- ing - NeurIPS Edition (EMC2-NIPS), IEEE, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":75,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.842607Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f4fc5ca67ca49940718c67597ae4ffb2ed40e551c490e2cdcc80dfbfbec3e910","observation_id":"3ad2d0bf-cf85-40bd-98c4-65e217d4e8e6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.842607Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.824912Z","title":"In: Conference on Parsimony and Learning , PMLR, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"316c0d57-adac-4630-852f-675455bee2cb","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":76,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.845392Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:db859cf50cf48ea4ba6c783b6ebd4b9557eed93a5e514c8ee99a92f8f94883a2","observation_id":"434bdbe6-fe56-4a0e-84ee-d6aa87fad963","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:47.828266Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.18223","last_updated":"2026-03-18T05:34:39Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T23:27:24.356320Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-31T17:28:46Z","title":"A Survey of Large Language Models","version":19},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.18223","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.847707Z","title":"Available at http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.18223","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":77,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.847707Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.18223","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:20db3362903d3181f72b0f12888e41385fab2f1ef2d097cec9686f45cee7fed9","observation_id":"b4ad8c25-a39a-4455-ab25-3daaf84053ef","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.847707Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.850402Z","title":"Technovation 124, p","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations","version":1},"reference_index":78,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.850402Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.04503"},"observation_digest":"sha256:109dc2e92a66bd066ad4dc3f1562117b96ed433a6faec030ebe6531976c4cc59","observation_id":"b584ba39-1069-4d82-bee9-51806dcdc7bc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T23:52:46.850402Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.04503","last_updated":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:06:10.649447Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-03T02:45:02Z","title":"A Primer on Large Language Models and their Limitations"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":78,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":1,"metadata_mismatch":1,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":51,"verified_exact":7,"verified_fuzzy":18},"total_outbound_references":78},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 78 of 78 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.04503."}