{"as_of":"2026-08-15T13:19:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:7fb18fa811bbe8c949014839571f7685dc35f671101d2c21b709eaec16e21e9e","coverage":[{"denominator":47,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":47,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.259824Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":47,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":47,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2412.16469/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2412.16469/integrity","json":"/paper/2412.16469/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.691474Z","title":"online\" 'onlinestring :=","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.691474Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0359c3e4e6af1ec1197ff2a3b5c3a0c8bbaf3c3e81e90d88eed5cef0576d85f4","observation_id":"d4344d3e-67a9-4f00-a9c0-20a6689b979e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.691474Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.758661Z","title":"write newline","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.758661Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:620921736ad5579a2fc6bd535c07fae19afc37c4c58b164e037815f5a442a5da","observation_id":"1c7178a9-9595-42c6-9ff6-a7169acea79a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.758661Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.328034Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"dfebec49-c2d8-4778-86c2-c54249cb40f8","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.832813Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e19c10ff133aeb1d5aec757e2da7f06994cbcb33ff3a32bfaaf8a20e1224352c","observation_id":"335eec8b-c9d1-4691-a1e5-8b841fc03fc0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.331856Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2204.05862","last_updated":"2022-04-12T15:02:38Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2022-04-12T15:02:38Z","title":"Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2204.05862","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.837595Z","title":"Brown, Jack Clark, Sam McCandlish, Christopher Olah, Benjamin Mann, and Jared Kaplan","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.837595Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2204.05862","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7459748d3d9dfffa7a6cffc03175de57a1d04a138876c8d128d4caab6f5e7a06","observation_id":"e127c64b-6a96-476b-b5bc-eefb242f83ce","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.837595Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.07875","last_updated":"2024-03-19T16:50:50Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T12:45:04.302993Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-14T17:23:37Z","title":"Safety-Tuned LLaMAs: Lessons From Improving the Safety of Large Language Models that Follow Instructions","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.07875","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.842372Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.842372Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.07875","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6440bd38be66a72a8159d256a3a911d36a27f08121113bde9f8c8c8a8d868341","observation_id":"d4319aff-5c69-42fb-b383-01d1b23bb811","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.842372Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.313187Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"112bd19e-a2eb-46a5-8e8d-e08fa74ffbf8","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.847276Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b487e99120fee08ed6f984eb2f7f89c7190179d12054f8387a36409a6fedddb0","observation_id":"1799e1fd-0393-427c-aa82-fece3b1dfb3b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.317685Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.299498Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"173c202a-d54f-4cf6-9bf7-67ee51dcf7a2","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.851912Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:09679a993708864224a8c38b8d4c5ca6939231bf4b814f105565eaa1d93caf73","observation_id":"a9ed816e-4442-4261-82f5-e5506c5c44fb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.304056Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1902.10486","last_updated":"2019-06-04T07:59:35Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T10:33:45.668119Z","submitted_at":"2019-02-27T12:34:19Z","title":"On Tiny Episodic Memories in Continual Learning","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1902.10486","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.856332Z","title":"Dokania, Philip H","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.856332Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1902.10486","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:316cd1b00b93c5eda06a8c4e3a6e813a9aa895632979cb0931e7fe252ffc4f48","observation_id":"bd3c88fb-d1fe-43f6-8fe9-2e27db963428","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.856332Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1803.05457","last_updated":"2018-03-14T18:04:21Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T19:36:07.505691Z","submitted_at":"2018-03-14T18:04:21Z","title":"Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1803.05457","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.861090Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.861090Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1803.05457","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:93af75a1e1947dfee8a4232dfa0c7b212a6b146e0bfbc38311c1bebb5e2c0d93","observation_id":"76a44487-ac5e-4b6a-aa1a-63c51d71cef2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.861090Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.287410Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"17fb7d6e-0ea7-4499-b18b-bace34fea4bd","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.865971Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5342a22abbf958ac863f57d4e8fed96737c5a497afc993ee037f4e83898bc056","observation_id":"36d3db0a-c2f3-4152-a4b9-3cf4280f3be6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.291236Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.273871Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"35f71110-82ac-4356-a5fd-1045110a7cf5","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.870653Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:949336a24f1840f8f37a98b57f4c59c1bd99f74af0ccc90b1eddb47715564acb","observation_id":"ba83599e-6d60-4d51-94a7-92ce3f2252c4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.278375Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.202133Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5dd80e8e-33c2-4a60-a6a9-f3bb1ba4c292","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.875311Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:96a3c0b37b86a8ba05e18acdfb575b53cd7079ea5bc3343cd21f87b2ab8a27f1","observation_id":"516b8b1d-4b2e-42e2-978d-c9bfdae2b473","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.264455Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1312.6211","last_updated":"2015-03-04T01:43:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T23:50:42.566579Z","submitted_at":"2013-12-21T06:31:41Z","title":"An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networks","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1312.6211","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.880071Z","title":"Goodfellow, Mehdi Mirza, Da Xiao, Aaron Courville, and Yoshua Bengio","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.880071Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1312.6211","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7808faf515602828606251357fb7adc8c96ec41232ce1e7cb88e4f6440617d2d","observation_id":"4d71c9f4-abb4-4a52-8a87-e58a50611778","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.880071Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2203.09509","last_updated":"2022-07-14T13:04:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T16:20:27.644638Z","submitted_at":"2022-03-17T17:57:56Z","title":"ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detection","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2203.09509","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.884358Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.884358Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2203.09509","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3dfe5a6b85d41620975aeeb84bdb533f744c5a1c145619295e5c0a793fe93430","observation_id":"ed62461c-8b27-42b0-94c9-08cf1559b351","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.884358Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.888153Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1997},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.888153Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1ab76bab06d2b586896f228132c81346410683c06937118310efe6718ae9c395","observation_id":"188d7026-24ce-4e3f-b7ec-c634925af994","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.888153Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2301.09211","last_updated":"2023-01-22T21:47:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T12:59:52.879059Z","submitted_at":"2023-01-22T21:47:26Z","title":"An Empirical Study of Metrics to Measure Representational Harms in Pre-Trained Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2301.09211","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.892957Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.892957Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2301.09211","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:05cc03eb3f8562a30525304cd71afaabefcb1788f5e518f80bbd6e47ea7b8910","observation_id":"5fd0207e-c4da-4f98-8fb8-0934c69c2fa2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.892957Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2409.15361","last_updated":"2024-09-18T08:04:24Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T22:42:40.335825Z","submitted_at":"2024-09-18T08:04:24Z","title":"Multitask Mayhem: Unveiling and Mitigating Safety Gaps in LLMs Fine-tuning","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2409.15361","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.927504Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.927504Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2409.15361","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ada71f705520aef35db8b1375f1e3fc33412d4e9599f6ef4439820ea756b2a70","observation_id":"877c1b2f-c7bc-4df4-9314-92fa79297327","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.927504Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1711.04623","last_updated":"2018-09-13T09:29:55Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T20:14:15.238615Z","submitted_at":"2017-11-13T15:11:56Z","title":"Three Factors Influencing Minima in SGD","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1711.04623","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.985370Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.985370Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1711.04623","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:095443bf5ce0435baaa5b2922b6bf9d1f4893e9b9b2b2878941ea4bf08326d2d","observation_id":"7ba085ff-9dbc-401a-b506-82c08eafa626","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:41.985370Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.018826Z","title":"Hayes, and Christopher Kanan","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.018826Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fc62e90636fb4469bacb1cda036d01e40f32a55c270f740bbb72cb2e7fd7c76a","observation_id":"7ba3e258-cea9-4a69-8753-58adcc566c9f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.018826Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1612.00796","last_updated":"2017-01-25T13:01:51Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T21:27:22.270542Z","submitted_at":"2016-12-02T19:18:37Z","title":"Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1612.00796","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.026922Z","title":"Rabinowitz, Joel Veness, Guillaume Desjardins, Andrei A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":21,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.026922Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1612.00796","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:77cae1307b5a122869f6776ae57690f64472a506844210af05c6cc61e6161764","observation_id":"88b59ae8-e19d-4f62-ada8-aa3992059ea5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.026922Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.10105","last_updated":"2024-04-14T01:15:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T10:10:32.807074Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-18T19:28:48Z","title":"Understanding Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Models via Implicit Inference","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.10105","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.030714Z","title":"Springer, and Aditi Raghunathan","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":22,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.030714Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.10105","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c80b5866abb51c0df157cb8a68f39adb9db7d3b3a407a6976df9ecad1502b387","observation_id":"e194ab77-e546-4dd1-818c-3a19eac0594f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.030714Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.03129","last_updated":"2024-01-06T05:34:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:48:09.709808Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-06T05:34:09Z","title":"Examining Forgetting in Continual Pre-training of Aligned Large Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2401.03129","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.035559Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":23,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.035559Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.03129","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f4753ef191d2650e1dceb401d1648d42502ce639a892c75a8653ced43ffd0386","observation_id":"86cf26ec-675b-46d1-a72f-691e5dc7c5b9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.035559Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1907.11692","last_updated":"2019-07-26T17:48:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-31T22:31:37.910868Z","submitted_at":"2019-07-26T17:48:29Z","title":"RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1907.11692","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.040490Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":24,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.040490Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1907.11692","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:484920f87cb2fc16eab74d0e689f95d5b187bb3230ef5b73c9288c4bdc22bbf6","observation_id":"35a7bf54-17f5-4523-808e-39c2860ff1fc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.040490Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.089125Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"84a932dc-e19e-4e10-b23b-8721e6ad1224","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":25,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.044557Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0941d2638633c225f397e1a2accb39dfdb201f854e56c7074f15621782d88cb7","observation_id":"9f9c9e2f-9c0d-47b8-b461-1592fc30fb55","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.128347Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.048405Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.048405Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1bca375d58b99cafd4566ead1cea60cfd1bcb3157ff52c033d23bba36ca72c3c","observation_id":"faa55b10-cd70-41eb-8693-802b92238a84","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.048405Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2308.08747","last_updated":"2025-01-05T04:09:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T01:52:30.559515Z","submitted_at":"2023-08-17T02:53:23Z","title":"An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2308.08747","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.052477Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":27,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.052477Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2308.08747","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d42487fc9083c9b37e50cfb8c7876f3084cca1d819bef9a1ffa3fd859d93d774","observation_id":"a1b3de20-8ae6-4f63-92f7-15a4b253dd01","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.052477Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.18540","last_updated":"2025-01-17T01:43:21Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:07:59.588881Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T18:23:49Z","title":"Keeping LLMs Aligned After Fine-tuning: The Crucial Role of Prompt Templates","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.18540","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.056784Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":28,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.056784Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.18540","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:35fa2e30fe8000b3a09fcf4fb7601d22a99ce92b8b9a675cb62af0d719522bfa","observation_id":"25509ff1-7e7b-4ec2-aa78-f8d4a4d8989a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.056784Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.061263Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1989},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":29,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.061263Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4c19a00e6d28e2bfdde3854c8d98bb1826e07179d6adcd84b929a4c54b435740","observation_id":"02a53f61-c4f9-4ec0-9976-9a38d0c86a85","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.061263Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2010.04495","last_updated":"2020-10-09T10:53:25Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T18:16:30.031128Z","submitted_at":"2020-10-09T10:53:25Z","title":"Linear Mode Connectivity in Multitask and Continual Learning","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2010.04495","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.064815Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":30,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.064815Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2010.04495","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:036ea324d9f477315190bb4c6906cf6bc4e82976555b7123fe4a14acd42bea92","observation_id":"d5747b2c-a43a-48af-9beb-1e3edf238a76","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.064815Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2006.06958","last_updated":"2020-06-12T06:00:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T22:27:12.184756Z","submitted_at":"2020-06-12T06:00:27Z","title":"Understanding the Role of Training Regimes in Continual Learning","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2006.06958","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.069162Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":31,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.069162Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2006.06958","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b61d7808ae7d36c507d9ffab1d90667be3ecce1d23e041b013835efb31297c1d","observation_id":"21c84cf0-904f-4a6c-9d65-5495f9693277","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.069162Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.083628Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":32,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.083628Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:734b18bee9900c147bf97d35c1c300c8a7a863d7749bb7ac12988c6e50e92523","observation_id":"61f4bb20-10e4-4260-82cc-a276a90fcec4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.083628Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.052454Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"47c07651-9549-4546-b06e-886db20fa3ac","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":33,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.131521Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:104dc6ce48a0b3ba2fd3776b2d1cd8c1c4779de703ba3fcb96a064c597f22864","observation_id":"42b2effe-01aa-4ae6-be5c-b585056f80c3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.057603Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.03693","last_updated":"2023-10-05T17:12:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T17:12:17Z","title":"Fine-tuning Aligned Language Models Compromises Safety, Even When Users Do Not Intend To!","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.03693","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.177412Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":34,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.177412Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.03693","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cb436c50356740a8f36c72e9786da7448de8184a4c56f67824a8c8494ba91bdf","observation_id":"081a95c5-7ce8-4e46-9670-e605dddce08d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.177412Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2007.07400","last_updated":"2020-07-14T23:31:14Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T23:02:37.964935Z","submitted_at":"2020-07-14T23:31:14Z","title":"Anatomy of Catastrophic Forgetting: Hidden Representations and Task Semantics","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2007.07400","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.204289Z","title":"Ramasesh, Ethan Dyer, and Maithra Raghu","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.204289Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2007.07400","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3736747bddf2fdb0cc42e5d9cd764cb9361e9726264dfd949113d9ff2a9bc169","observation_id":"429e062d-91ab-4883-be01-6399c9cad75f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.204289Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.208947Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1990},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":36,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.208947Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:85ce3f865bab645a28038ce9eaa06b162a527ca14d893d270c55a196e8548084","observation_id":"b4421639-f8a9-4f9a-8907-80238bae3ebe","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.208947Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.028144Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"aaf408fc-678d-4147-b99a-d2c623c8b0ed","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":37,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.212704Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1d5abafc6e6988732aa7b70ec438c7cafff67dc9a660dcc8f7ce7fd61880beb7","observation_id":"1d97a170-088c-42b4-a18a-5ddb8018e6be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.032011Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.015379Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"905f837b-7294-40d4-9e6a-5f63e47affe0","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":38,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.216126Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9b842ae0e1f264d6ccc3906fb34e99592aeeea884d34f8cf9aecc1e0728e9bfa","observation_id":"ab05f64e-c0a0-44c2-bb11-d4854764cae7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.019612Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.219912Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":39,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.219912Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0da520a7898528e70d86fda399ca1a2a4dc86dcc09287350340007759f9657e1","observation_id":"4e6f63f8-0cf4-4126-b641-d64a549c5b36","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.219912Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2205.09209","last_updated":"2022-10-27T21:02:24Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T15:41:46.714749Z","submitted_at":"2022-05-18T20:37:25Z","title":"\"I'm sorry to hear that\": Finding New Biases in Language Models with a Holistic Descriptor Dataset","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2205.09209","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.224304Z","title":"i'm sorry to hear that","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":40,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.224304Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2205.09209","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:76d81ef9f308da9c4c5c19f2ce9db078595e00339541e3f905cd65e914e76d81","observation_id":"3b514031-c577-487e-a357-87d8f5151110","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.224304Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1906.08976","last_updated":"2019-06-21T06:39:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-02T18:12:51.834619Z","submitted_at":"2019-06-21T06:39:11Z","title":"Mitigating Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing: Literature Review","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1906.08976","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.229384Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":41,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.229384Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1906.08976","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48c91f1e657244e01f70cf3a007f9171e161cef3513c6d9917f95f6fc1334267","observation_id":"bc9ee87b-f8b2-4938-a4c2-92524fd26f52","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.229384Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1811.00937","last_updated":"2019-03-15T18:02:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T18:05:06.623407Z","submitted_at":"2018-11-02T15:34:29Z","title":"CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1811.00937","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.232804Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":42,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.232804Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1811.00937","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0c911bb5943bdfb310300c4235d6fa2f9abf65a2594a381a700f5d4e0e992d8d","observation_id":"d9cc75a8-2013-49ed-b4f8-0c4305282d94","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.232804Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2201.05320","last_updated":"2022-01-14T06:49:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T16:59:22.437402Z","submitted_at":"2022-01-14T06:49:15Z","title":"CommonsenseQA 2.0: Exposing the Limits of AI through Gamification","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2201.05320","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.237420Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":43,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.237420Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2201.05320","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1aa62c58c20f0b87c3dc611be5e0510260fac5cadc902b2dd6b91d971187dd00","observation_id":"aa7769e0-1d12-4abc-a209-32a984c43013","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.237420Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2307.09288","last_updated":"2023-07-19T17:08:59Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T12:56:43.323460Z","submitted_at":"2023-07-18T14:31:57Z","title":"Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2307.09288","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.241369Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":44,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.241369Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2307.09288","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f8c9c6ebbb5c30b87bc7903477de58d8f5cbbfc8ebdef933608f6d39e029b129","observation_id":"209c68af-6174-481f-af9f-3af135f5ba6c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.241369Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2110.07518","last_updated":"2022-05-05T00:24:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T17:53:04.293214Z","submitted_at":"2021-10-14T16:41:25Z","title":"SaFeRDialogues: Taking Feedback Gracefully after Conversational Safety Failures","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2110.07518","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2110.07518","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.361021Z","title":"SaFeRDialogues: Taking Feedback Gracefully after Conversational Safety Failures","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"62d61f55-79fe-4cf6-a153-24141ac13fd5","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":45,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.248338Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2110.07518","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fed0cd59ea0d41576c805eddb5898f06d4117283a71b1daad07a3bf94207e0af","observation_id":"20fa3690-306f-46f5-867e-94c0b490212b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.405724Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.940628Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"7720b969-9af5-453e-b7b0-54925b43c3cc","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":46,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.252447Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7046cf2cd4abdca0e87145d9b79369350b8ce8d957d04f7ecabf7d307c8e24d8","observation_id":"ea251e88-82b3-4242-8180-08292b8a887f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:43.004565Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2112.04359","last_updated":"2021-12-08T16:09:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T15:17:43.394064Z","submitted_at":"2021-12-08T16:09:48Z","title":"Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2112.04359","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.256005Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":47,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.256005Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2112.04359","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5a616e10347707b85189d3625d244637bdb03247c55210ef507a548680ac82a4","observation_id":"4f9143b6-74c0-44a5-bb92-3136c76b79f5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.256005Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.744085Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"299b56a9-d6d2-4317-b219-f1933e1918cd","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting","version":2},"reference_index":48,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.259824Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.16469"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0ee7ae83ab8148244b0688ff17a9f0358cdb774755196b1d1b6d75f79eb29d37","observation_id":"ba9fa4ee-1dbf-40c0-bb07-8dba376079ea","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:38:42.787104Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.16469","last_updated":"2024-12-24T19:43:57Z","latest_version":2,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T10:31:13.886960Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-21T03:51:58Z","title":"Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":47,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":46,"verified_exact":1,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":47},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T06:32:39.529945+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.16469."}