{"as_of":"2026-08-15T05:21:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:f96e5461b26ac0da3be37cde623ef6e1372912215ed1bb8d29601f4496b6c196","coverage":[{"denominator":21,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":21,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.173702Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":22,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":22,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":1,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T19:18:32.731051Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"pith","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T19:18:33.223658Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2501.04763","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T19:18:33.223658Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","venue":"cs.CY","work_id":"0e418657-9c24-43ef-ad49-7697e22aaa99","year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.06018","last_updated":"2025-07-08T14:24:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T23:39:42.607432Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-08T14:24:17Z","title":"Campaigning through the lens of Google: A large-scale algorithm audit of Google searches in the run-up to the Swiss Federal Elections 2023","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T19:18:32.731051Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2501.04763","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.06018"},"observation_digest":"sha256:880119fc77ce805dbd24a4a6392c1e588e915bf1ad6eebb7f17351a8cfbcdf5d","observation_id":"dbe6e250-c000-488f-b340-9684b4e4f39f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T19:18:33.376872Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2501.04763/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2501.04763/integrity","json":"/paper/2501.04763/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.521311Z","title":"Annalsof theAmericanAssociationof Geographers,107(5),1194-1215","venue":null,"work_id":"0895daf8-03f9-4b7b-a8a1-9fc09c51b77b","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.076122Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f801ea5771e27d9422e08fc3f67507f7bdc9b8ef49c7bb0669c0d75792343aec","observation_id":"fc5520b0-0def-4c5e-8c26-bbc662dace5f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.526773Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.506389Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"af7a1c08-824c-4c86-865a-17ed8eead369","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.081119Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9a2aca5b2ae08675a3acfe3b9b550db29b1586a4f78386799f014a6dc0c53b84","observation_id":"801cf471-a192-43e4-bef2-4d7b75d22f04","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.511240Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.491845Z","title":"et al.(2016).Shouldweworryaboutfilterbubbles? Internet Policy Review,5(1),1-16","venue":null,"work_id":"ad1eeee2-cab0-46e1-ba41-abe7fff1dcbe","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.085987Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0b520c3e55ff6c834a83370edaf6f24461b7c3cdbd78131bcd056dacf7eecdcc","observation_id":"66897abf-be1a-4a57-954a-8c6e67941196","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.496550Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.477540Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"c49948f7-d92d-4efa-bdfc-758430633c70","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.090823Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dd195daa41fb516b417352cbe3038e91f6b13beff7b85752a224f9ab4c7f3ef4","observation_id":"f1d405a0-619a-49bc-989b-aeaafde21435","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.482197Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2960697","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.266158Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"27ca4fdb-5da0-4281-84b2-c08604d197a9","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.095865Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5b9d494e57768a039349944dc9ef8331ed58ca9d00727b276205e257a5ba1bd1","observation_id":"0efe0c6f-d83f-43f7-9c62-67e182707bdd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.271956Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.463429Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b628804a-4713-4be4-8ec4-bbacb6bf58d1","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.101641Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:54de69b7c54b8963fd10bffe0ea8836a57bfe63838bbfdc9c75282cf4223d361","observation_id":"699176cf-e9df-461a-b58b-fb4b682a34f8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.468164Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.448993Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"90695a27-fb56-460b-8d5f-cebae1ba5310","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.106799Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48cd0988084647f7269817efa1abbdd00a003f3f517edde1fb6829f826d25793","observation_id":"bc236c9e-715b-4e49-ab52-10b15d7521ba","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.453520Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.434496Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"e920552d-2472-48a2-8e80-b00428252b97","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.111396Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:23f63f76890cbb8d86efda721b106c082885797b3e0a2c25eef41ac0f7b429a2","observation_id":"e7479e6d-c330-4760-9379-7a460636e51a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.439327Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.419129Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"4e7213ed-fda3-4797-9022-ed60ac9a5307","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.116190Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df75ffddc99f1de8d056514ed8b005c9f3c3ce2fdc36a034ac56fe26f588a377","observation_id":"567a97bd-99a9-4167-8364-ac8088a43d2e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.423955Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.13832","last_updated":"2024-01-24T22:15:38Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:35:11.529672Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-24T22:15:38Z","title":"Algorithmically Curated Lies: How Search Engines Handle Misinformation about US Biolabs in Ukraine","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2401.13832","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.13832","metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2401.13832","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T00:16:15.729268Z","title":"Algorithmically Curated Lies: How Search Engines Handle Misinformation about US Biolabs in Ukraine","venue":"cs.IR","work_id":"314ac8df-65b2-41cb-82bf-987f570319de","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.121747Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.13832","citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:74f69550420950afb68195dff6ad1a8e789ced0647142da3a69f8ea0a76533e1","observation_id":"f962d0e4-14e0-4b05-a4d4-286f6d0d2e55","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.255834Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.404476Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d090564d-75bb-4829-8087-3d394bfd8765","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.126610Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6cf4462846c16de996779b721ea204088dca913b9e58f7ab5ffa81c22e295c0b","observation_id":"94110534-3ff8-4de8-bcae-f584de9e9520","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.409062Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.388373Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"6ef5bc5f-83db-4036-a4a0-e3684ece2b07","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.131049Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dd35db9c5488e31ab499f256524e188612b7e311a89fa550f1815cd0a47df643","observation_id":"9157fe96-8f6c-4455-845a-a1621de29f07","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.394226Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.373753Z","title":"(2022).Memory,counter-memoryanddenialism:How search engines circulate information about the Holodomor-related memory wars.MemoryStudies, 15(6),1330-1345","venue":null,"work_id":"dd1fa9a9-f4c3-4a1a-9270-102f94b68e1b","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.135866Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a031197864a5a7d2564a43fee19c01c1987727f2e2eda31e28474d79364e169e","observation_id":"01cb2a8e-1c40-4aac-9b3a-7951176ffa1e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.378514Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.359126Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"c6077b6d-1947-49ca-9991-a35085600c82","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.141307Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df6262e37b2d3cd11d1c45edf00ef601c1b416919486028d36c225d20c4d8623","observation_id":"13029f81-0b68-4ed8-b8c8-e4a58ee12b42","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.363767Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.344034Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"9b2ef2b5-c666-47ad-a7fb-1d7233ea724f","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.145637Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:062e56aea06cee71942c92552d3ec4416873daf4faac2b20d53b1b07f598ab5d","observation_id":"592afa1d-84ef-4645-bbba-3dab4278e679","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.348672Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.329571Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"079807ea-b1b2-4eea-a2d0-81ae2138993a","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.150125Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4a316e37afe225a758060de59c019ef42342343ba927c2062ceec4550a8526ae","observation_id":"c9bed4ba-d18b-4c91-965c-d72f675c6698","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.334244Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.313718Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5707e27b-d551-4c4b-9a4c-8eec16ee134e","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.155131Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b429b36678bf9e6b634b801c72c544b383a0930818449b0252bf05bd35cafab6","observation_id":"210181d2-c4a5-4206-9f7d-e938283a6be1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.318801Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2405.00335","last_updated":"2024-05-01T05:57:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T00:17:52.304612Z","submitted_at":"2024-05-01T05:57:03Z","title":"Finding the white male: The prevalence and consequences of algorithmic gender and race bias in political Google searches","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2405.00335","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.00335","metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2405.00335","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T00:16:15.729268Z","title":"Finding the white male: The prevalence and consequences of algorithmic gender and race bias in political Google searches","venue":"cs.CY","work_id":"bdfb8a3b-763f-4567-a36c-660420ad3503","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.159292Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2405.00335","citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f07403b2f5e174f9f542cb3f99a8f4335e5912d0eab00a603bee5be4208a6142","observation_id":"412ca755-947b-4a06-b1cd-2620d2b25377","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.233761Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.297561Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ba6930b4-90e1-4808-9f98-7b1c891b2670","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.164133Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6f78b3f4a0e31048acaa6825615c6b04764ad2a088354f5d9da848c7d6bd639e","observation_id":"bf31c209-c514-4fdb-8986-8f120eb4fa5a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.302251Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.11194","last_updated":"2025-02-27T15:46:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:38:41.634821Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-20T10:06:38Z","title":"WEIRD Audits? Research Trends, Linguistic and Geographical Disparities in the Algorithm Audits of Online Platforms -- A Systematic Literature Review","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2401.11194","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.168528Z","title":"Foreignbeautieswanttomeetyou","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.168528Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.11194","citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:187fc85f613bb956bfdbd02aed2abd8f5097e216eff7ee31aaffdfd48e65c5ef","observation_id":"966541a4-dab9-4574-9b52-1b8b49bb6b1a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.168528Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.282471Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"dfd2dcf2-5bda-4400-ba36-0194d318a31a","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.173702Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2501.04763"},"observation_digest":"sha256:967f24c87a404e7281151cdee704e2534149c2e9c52ad44c967d8e66adfff276","observation_id":"a4963f31-85ee-4b58-85c1-303a3bd0e6e3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:29:55.287210Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.04763","last_updated":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CY","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T21:24:52.690834Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T18:18:03Z","title":"Search engines in polarized media environment: Auditing political information curation on Google and Bing prior to 2024 US elections"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":21,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":1,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":14,"verified_exact":3,"verified_fuzzy":3},"total_outbound_references":21},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 21 of 21 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.04763."}