{"as_of":"2026-08-20T05:19:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:bd94692788b54c01b6785054af7a7472c1f38c9db383ea750ca004a0788058c9","coverage":[{"denominator":118,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":100,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.926693Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":101,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":101,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":1,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T00:22:17.754742Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"pith","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T00:22:30.244854Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2505.17136","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T00:22:30.244854Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"01b730a2-9183-4521-8719-b6ed2d38e0c6","year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.14345","last_updated":"2025-06-17T09:38:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:00:57.374755Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T09:38:45Z","title":"A Vision for Geo-Temporal Deep Research Systems: Towards Comprehensive, Transparent, and Reproducible Geo-Temporal Information Synthesis","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T00:22:17.754742Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2505.17136","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.14345"},"observation_digest":"sha256:979e0dfd75dcb9e5d6f9725cb90c1f0d5e18a6fd8ad165ba80a6d0ac7a943e74","observation_id":"2775628f-428b-446a-bab6-b78a8014e4b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T00:22:30.414828Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2505.17136/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2505.17136/integrity","json":"/paper/2505.17136/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.055455Z","title":"@esa (Ref","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.055455Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5e186976494c86d880f949cbbbaf8c51b921f067fc8675e6dbd44937b8289772","observation_id":"5f22403b-b485-40e8-aad0-1ded058c69d3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.055455Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.137189Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.137189Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4549b67a323f8e660eaa8a4e1c2ddef4912da1c79aff03cb4b5b0f56e089dce3","observation_id":"ab750113-0f8a-4aee-8f1e-597b7ef198e9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.137189Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.237397Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.237397Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:acb884c6f4e84b4b3d0aa988b79f86c97ac8cd22a93c69bea585db2566b4692d","observation_id":"6c0b6527-0f87-44a7-bdec-1cdfacff25ae","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.237397Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.08774","last_updated":"2024-03-04T06:01:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T09:58:46.058102Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-15T17:15:04Z","title":"GPT-4 Technical Report","version":6},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.08774","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.310521Z","title":"L., Almeida, D., Altenschmidt, J., Altman, S., Anadkat, S., et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.310521Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.08774","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:23b8d7e720596c482ac122ab2aa23f05b03a0e3931c0ad4ac4d7f1ac2bd472e4","observation_id":"baa0cd8b-067b-499d-8132-2a066531dec2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.310521Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.396420Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.396420Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:71e259e968a2e753fd52ccfe6b30d04e7d0cce80399458fc033f591002db5572","observation_id":"3cbae6f4-b25d-4360-b3d0-e86dc2c8e894","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.396420Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2410.03492","last_updated":"2025-06-27T09:33:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T12:30:39.933031Z","submitted_at":"2024-10-04T15:04:28Z","title":"Towards Reproducible LLM Evaluation: Quantifying Uncertainty in LLM Benchmark Scores","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2410.03492","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.512628Z","title":"E., Barry, J., and Cohn, A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.512628Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2410.03492","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce5197273ff37f706a4e1bf10dde758c948222e20d9a26d9930863d7fc5d0359","observation_id":"772c4ac6-2bcc-4f8e-9b10-16db216a2aa6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.512628Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.672639Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.672639Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:692c2a279be0ea7dfe838e8b4512381da1e59fb9efd068e38502af0977bc13bf","observation_id":"82969c8a-57b2-4582-a7a0-1f1021784007","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.672639Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.786098Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.786098Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0ca8b3dd4323d1c95c9cd696ef336026563433bbe0587a8481704e0acef61069","observation_id":"fdcbecb3-df6b-42a0-bbe7-5f414beee321","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.786098Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.881363Z","title":"D., Dhariwal, P., Neelakantan, A., Shyam, P., Sastry, G., Askell, A., et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.881363Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:40e09810352aa6281f18787bfcd3a17eb70fe1ce2deef749d2be788bd2e543ac","observation_id":"2a4bf516-a097-4769-91f8-15edfa6bb237","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.881363Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.932305Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.932305Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fe826cc044163fb6e7026c420ef3098776de4a36e0e27bb601878baef9a5bb95","observation_id":"6acc9213-8d6b-4801-afff-4c49948cfcb4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:06.932305Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.031241Z","title":"and Romano, G","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2012},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.031241Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b6a93f8d537295cba67f2f6b5281667cf3d40ee4a9af3858898ccdc16a30ac77","observation_id":"4aaacef5-0732-43d3-9cb8-c8ea966094ab","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.031241Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.134643Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.134643Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c014a9454ee7f871ca7a0d78bbc79b3811f4cbd115b4a6259ef7622394ad641","observation_id":"95007e04-a51e-436e-9f06-5b81a0f5c3a8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.134643Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.211689Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.211689Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d735da1e4b65efa90e7a0ed0576fe29aa3a608fc9aeed20c583db78879655436","observation_id":"04c7b69c-9acc-4d92-9384-b574682fe27d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.211689Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.300920Z","title":"G., Liu, D., Wang, S., Ouyang, J., and Yu, Q","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.300920Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:78fb1e7919f14e90d90b338474d94afc6d61c03d91f198fa6cf45056a68994d8","observation_id":"86a9dcbb-9462-4235-97a5-684b08f2237f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.300920Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2107.03374","last_updated":"2021-07-14T17:16:02Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T11:58:24.516369Z","submitted_at":"2021-07-07T17:41:24Z","title":"Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2107.03374","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.420822Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.420822Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2107.03374","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e6a68ff941c1b80dfb057f343b9a35ac1e12ce93f898470b4977ac7843fe7d98","observation_id":"14a70227-dedb-4acf-8d17-058d03200e4f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.420822Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.519880Z","title":"and Cohn, A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.519880Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9986b2288f52dab0679fbb4323932dd7e7cbed5267ce777c455e6b9f333fb1a5","observation_id":"49926b72-87bd-4d69-afe6-d62933677a44","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.519880Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.582781Z","title":"and Cohn, A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.582781Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:adcd06a8f2fc71cb73223c4ffe1bd54bcf07cbf9c8af2890207ef2c728f54931","observation_id":"1d72c5cf-1944-4ba5-9ff4-36816f7989d8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.582781Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.649419Z","title":"and Di Felice, P","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1996},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.649419Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:52911fc5e784552d5b23686f23a99e1f9fa5738a278dd77099991fbe8f1fcc73","observation_id":"2d796944-d598-46dd-952f-9cc2fd5590ad","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.649419Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.697178Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1993},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.697178Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:aa12cd9643f52037796b59f70fffe8bca9a7a93b1705e41ce65117d016189451","observation_id":"2deda3c3-8c5a-4302-bc55-fcf83ba84189","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.697178Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.791262Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.791262Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ba39d3b919977ab68bd3966c7b6a206b0eb23ccd98654f72c2d73498def53705","observation_id":"8b4e45ad-1d69-4722-8744-8ae91c38c8ee","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.791262Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.15577","last_updated":"2023-09-27T11:23:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T21:26:55.146866Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-27T11:23:15Z","title":"An Evaluation of ChatGPT-4's Qualitative Spatial Reasoning Capabilities in RCC-8","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.15577","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.830861Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.830861Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.15577","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5e216ff0c91b0df62b423dae5f70251e1562f66d20ee0bd37aa95dc860252efb","observation_id":"cf55a0d3-cc2d-4bfb-b62a-2052af84327a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.830861Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.19589","last_updated":"2024-11-29T10:10:16Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-18T08:42:34.127191Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-29T10:10:16Z","title":"Can Large Language Models Reason about the Region Connection Calculus?","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2411.19589","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.871655Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.871655Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2411.19589","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:41499a45fe57b8b5b750862a6d0e25ac86ba445813c26ad0b95935f419d648d3","observation_id":"8faa0091-2b48-41be-8a76-4c785e56ca17","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.871655Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.911168Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.911168Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6ed9e54f193873e5c76005939c9246b2fb0a927b8607a05a48d3d3dbf9f2a88c","observation_id":"1f9e493d-f368-412f-a4a9-f423085c0d70","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.911168Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.977664Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.977664Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dfafd5234e7b6cd07654da570a46bc034d342d0b7cf84dc77f7e85a02e2fb14d","observation_id":"1fec322d-ef90-4ed4-bce5-043a2f4b3469","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:07.977664Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2304.11164","last_updated":"2023-04-22T06:28:46Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T21:27:33.122759Z","submitted_at":"2023-04-22T06:28:46Z","title":"Dialectical language model evaluation: An initial appraisal of the commonsense spatial reasoning abilities of LLMs","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2304.11164","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.025968Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.025968Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2304.11164","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:246f7c7676a8f875844830aa650a60ac5170d3bb68f9ab82116dcaa663963904","observation_id":"3c39ff05-dc27-4795-82cd-3a5d395a57ef","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.025968Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.071574Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.071574Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c83bc829e4b81fe6b361e45d9d5e300860a6f2c294d508f7a493b586541040e","observation_id":"db2c1403-e707-4550-b828-c428d31de6a6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.071574Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.113301Z","title":"G., and Randell, D","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1993},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.113301Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:213ec50fcf009039a57b4daad16c3d24e9e4ceb45039551bfdbc28960c487489","observation_id":"6a1038fb-1900-42b3-ab0e-24659518b317","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.113301Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.151459Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.151459Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5387676e1443e8599cdf13321fd2dae60f538ad2ac51b8a3278ffa6192b4bdfb","observation_id":"7e0f092f-e9ee-4e8b-97a8-ee8edb209e38","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.151459Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1810.04805","last_updated":"2019-05-24T20:37:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T18:16:28.847993Z","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T00:50:01Z","title":"BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1810.04805","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.197937Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.197937Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1810.04805","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a495f2851fbfe8bf62de6cc958255487439ee970f5d423c7baa5e028a474456f","observation_id":"1c877bb0-6243-4218-8589-e9c698f063be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.197937Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2010.11929","last_updated":"2021-06-03T13:08:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T09:25:53.087782Z","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T17:55:59Z","title":"An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2010.11929","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.250943Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.250943Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2010.11929","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fd4a94b488c32d9d29dec9080f78867d6ee96940ba36e0c215f67b5b519c38d8","observation_id":"197b23af-aebb-42c6-be17-c0101a707467","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.250943Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.310778Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2005},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.310778Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:033dc388162122d4a6c8633755257cb102ebe6ad76153990d681cf8415da3b9b","observation_id":"95e0cd83-7d11-446b-bd19-0c91d7ccba01","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.310778Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.391733Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.391733Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dfbff3dbb1739f9d8fa59bc4efc09877f9b61e6bf79c86c376cdd6c709b4cbb3","observation_id":"5f0a69eb-a670-4fcb-9377-cca11d7d76b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.391733Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.451035Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1991},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.451035Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a5e3bb68dd69afea0df1ac4deddf73285c073db04d40bb31d58756001b00b743","observation_id":"ba463cf0-e3e7-4c58-9698-526944baf07d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.451035Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.505938Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1991},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.505938Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4a18ac36a1ab888bd371b3510ff874554a80a40e1123c3c27346cf483db05908","observation_id":"567fbd07-4079-4cb0-a53f-ca1a7f74af7b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.505938Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.544696Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1995},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.544696Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:679ab21c18b7212555555f72d37f4dd41326a28603c86bbec4de14dca3d2d01f","observation_id":"fc1b85a0-a979-41c2-9169-68132195eb88","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.544696Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.11029","last_updated":"2023-10-18T10:15:40Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:51:29.990524Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-17T06:59:31Z","title":"Core Building Blocks: Next Gen Geo Spatial GPT Application","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.11029","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.598235Z","title":"and Dube, S","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.598235Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.11029","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:26eb06e9d5e305e1d5474664adc4c9245df9abc90e24cd54cae1ff37be0f70c6","observation_id":"89311b49-ab87-47d0-823f-048b16028341","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.598235Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.671848Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.671848Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d86780d9e6390cfdffc6a3ab8cafec93075265429d88c50ea7a66ac9e2b99e64","observation_id":"f199af93-1bd3-4372-88aa-a3ea1554ea00","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.671848Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.729348Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.729348Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:021ef298a25e24d36b772c0f868bfa4dfbcced0d15ad79389c322a044e72b93e","observation_id":"98e8c05f-9dd2-402a-aeda-00e1498fa7b5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.729348Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.789942Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.789942Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:569f997fd1c6815ce7b018ec11c9898c2702a23c6597a9067f6de02241108c9f","observation_id":"09b015b1-dd7c-433a-9919-96e1b3fa76f7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.789942Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.845200Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.845200Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9e950a2f28b53a39d59104fe09b9b0c1538511328725f7a29b66d596b7598175","observation_id":"ee4216e7-a66e-4a22-9a8a-4d6f2a9f5b74","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.845200Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.893468Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.893468Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1b74bb906cc6f61bd8987be1de5bc73beffab0d437907467ee859945c758b9a5","observation_id":"8e7f2376-8598-47bf-9d51-6b918bfa3e2a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.893468Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.964606Z","title":"and Goodchild, M","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.964606Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7e30796455b96f72d1151ff6282f1cd18c95070909abf2e37eacf7211cf0c650","observation_id":"8b61b919-ed17-4603-98b4-5026ba55aa8f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:08.964606Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.054417Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.054417Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:82e831fffea173bfd6e8c150f6f4bb25023c56cb99f55c0ec67e8512ee574082","observation_id":"31e790ce-b45a-4bab-91f9-a00fe1785dd5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.054417Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.140439Z","title":"R., Hu, Y., Yang, J.-A., McKenzie, G., Ju, Y., Gong, L., Adams, B., and Yan, B","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.140439Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6b6a2164607a031c32915db0e8af4c2c8a763d178ce74a616ff701bb3a657e4a","observation_id":"7e6cb65c-3bc0-422f-9627-3d3541cf0a30","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.140439Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.247774Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.247774Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7bc337060bd0bf62000b8680406b62f9a817e7bfe74f421ff6361159b3349aa2","observation_id":"30f1fb83-8091-469f-9521-d63c4bc7e680","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.247774Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.341794Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.341794Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5ec9b870bd0bc28dd1561ea38a6e0c07ed4a812c5d4c8971c5cdf0e8ea5bd8af","observation_id":"3b560310-655f-4f98-ba7e-d435824bb446","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.341794Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2501.12948","last_updated":"2026-01-04T03:57:36Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T12:33:55.451951Z","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T15:19:35Z","title":"DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2501.12948","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.446015Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.446015Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2501.12948","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2d1667c86a47473ba8e20457cad42a55720f7b1750f4ad68b469919010474889","observation_id":"9ec9cd91-ab2e-48ed-a2b5-7e32cec454ac","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.446015Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.527031Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.527031Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a382a04eba5a05cb523ff07b2ad376aed5bac7dccfe3e2acbd9bc940f97b9074","observation_id":"25704a0b-f154-4180-8cea-230afaa35e41","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.527031Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.646988Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"264d588b-85cc-495a-98e1-c37f63dc0f4a","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.640108Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:885944a6c278d4a14558aef5f2f49e22b0de5d5b3db403e57c4c1bf84d4531ee","observation_id":"89a01c54-43bf-44ef-8b15-9bd54c0137ad","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.738541Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.411022Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a28e2364-be51-4787-8992-4fb60695f832","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.731462Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fc75bceec86d8a4f82bd0505e4e26b9eb945d448d1a902a45e833a5e03eb5392","observation_id":"424b1ddb-54a3-4f70-86ce-6c6443877149","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.538454Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.115836Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"28f6dce9-6291-438f-a506-5b404aa04415","year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.821259Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a6f1cdcf63b40818d5aef79d4bd463622cc33858f847b1a559c66148aa1e922c","observation_id":"2c840766-2915-4a13-a9b5-76c060d302c1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:26.270866Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.900690Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a3aee9de-6210-4166-a98a-583203c01c93","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:09.907086Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b75141a7a73dfded1610ce254bcc0fe6df5381809510c5b0cbfae2487ddb2f4c","observation_id":"e53069cb-5ec0-4af5-bddf-75df112b779c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.999157Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.656011Z","title":"Z., and Joseph, K","venue":null,"work_id":"9bc4d1be-f429-494b-8f53-4418719db2a5","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.008918Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:88007cac97e35c836838a131d73d8c0b6a68240d6f7e6de4b808617ad38b9ee7","observation_id":"dec80a34-e93b-45d8-9c55-0c44ceb0a127","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.798546Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.090567Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.090567Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48f8654ffb715a7035e41f95deebcb9f987bcb4df67a3a93703e53fee7a2ce00","observation_id":"99f83016-4788-4049-b1e7-5d5cc892b5ed","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.090567Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.18660","last_updated":"2023-11-08T18:25:24Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:48:03.616665Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-28T10:19:55Z","title":"Foundation Models for Generalist Geospatial Artificial Intelligence","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.18660","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.178711Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.178711Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.18660","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9d550e4424acff30aee4a436b8c7f066cd409479e2593f6727651acaead282bc","observation_id":"d59b86af-9fe3-4c19-916d-4ae7ca69bfc0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.178711Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2304.06508","last_updated":"2023-03-27T14:01:22Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T15:45:02.783723Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T14:01:22Z","title":"Philosophical Foundations of GeoAI: Exploring Sustainability, Diversity, and Bias in GeoAI and Spatial Data Science","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2304.06508","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2304.06508","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:17.552547Z","title":"Philosophical Foundations of GeoAI: Exploring Sustainability, Diversity, and Bias in GeoAI and Spatial Data Science","venue":"cs.CY","work_id":"341055b6-b391-4ea5-ba29-9a8ade2d7f20","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.281598Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2304.06508","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:be646e315c5948a717803c538242c718b882e0190632c88882c12d07f2a28f8f","observation_id":"2ddc7c38-0307-4241-bb58-a83e7901111b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:17.704620Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.369311Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"54c6fca8-4daa-4b52-a362-3d57cf0077a2","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.385324Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:880a6690fa0e6528cde576806a66dc4449a76cb0288995edd1a2e9bf00bd24c3","observation_id":"9f4cd612-0b33-4afb-bd4b-b01e11cc0488","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.445568Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.198668Z","title":"A., and Hitzler, P","venue":null,"work_id":"7dbcc950-3a83-4724-9d8a-b625d9c46f59","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.472565Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a91970ba0511dac8d8b725522553241e9f3ee37ab29e0208c5186097e9741f2e","observation_id":"6b8112fb-304e-4198-8f37-d8359427b179","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.240872Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.000183Z","title":"and Gao, S","venue":null,"work_id":"db4ec1dd-0148-4bd3-9e91-37d51cef2532","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.590822Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fd9f932159d047e6145760435f1d40afe1c76df19888191a0c766c774adde602","observation_id":"7d1cfdd1-b160-4e95-a05e-948f4e77aee2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:25.091407Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.761872Z","title":"B., Abdelmoty, A","venue":null,"work_id":"61b7c2a2-e337-4148-a8e8-a07709ddc021","year":2004},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.708561Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0e1911b690f4beaed462662a5c5ba3745ce2e4906edfc8261fe3313906aaf2f1","observation_id":"8b43aec4-5007-4317-b80a-5775306c705c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.878456Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.552498Z","title":"u chemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasser, U., Groh, G., G \\","venue":null,"work_id":"24560c08-09ed-4bb0-8d22-060b866075ee","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.779397Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cc3e87baf67849234da3c667d3077aa9b1fde07eccd41b0f41300b086716fd22","observation_id":"76961f4f-7b65-45d2-8cfe-b6076a9e741c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.644080Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2304.02643","last_updated":"2023-04-05T17:59:46Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T05:14:59.435033Z","submitted_at":"2023-04-05T17:59:46Z","title":"Segment Anything","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2304.02643","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.877828Z","title":"C., Lo, W.-Y., et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.877828Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2304.02643","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8f564ba10fdbe06b68a3934435b19e527b35b478e52adc5d95b9339354cdc291","observation_id":"55fc42a9-6f83-4450-9d8a-258a9778de3c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.877828Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.952387Z","title":"S., Reid, M., Matsuo, Y., and Iwasawa, Y","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.952387Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e5f6a8a02d72d832dd2d48fb30fe516724b54ae5e8fa358ef4260899bc5c4b85","observation_id":"1de3f2f0-37cd-4879-a159-052cafc191bb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:10.952387Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.345215Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0b4a94bc-d84b-439d-b8e4-015f7e18de1a","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":64,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.056621Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:88986ba3d440807cf0fc915b6bcadd7f944cde0ccc6ae20060797fd798bb81fb","observation_id":"f1a511ad-8d5b-446c-8187-f3a10fb36f53","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.441831Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.148342Z","title":"u ttler, H., Lewis, M., Yih, W.-t., Rockt \\","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":65,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.148342Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f1b2f8831f0a08e342bc70dd3da8d9a09078ee47cc56d30abb8c2a380c3f6774","observation_id":"37b6b3d8-f98c-4d05-bfb5-fcf13070aa42","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.148342Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.068326Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"582d72ba-41f1-4bc3-aa82-5c2401474da5","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":66,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.239910Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:96b618c8f46fdc08714eb650a1e8dff80a4f8e8c9491c39983079bf5e7336b88","observation_id":"f3af6a53-1908-49a1-b49f-8a6c9be64890","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:24.216233Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.824781Z","title":"and Ning, H","venue":null,"work_id":"923c2f09-5f45-40bb-864e-3183edc397f2","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":67,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.328841Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7c9dfb2511a97afc0ae24946eae69fcf49a1089920b9b9d5e95c6b4fea3771ff","observation_id":"3c613605-3262-437a-8547-5d6dd25e9e95","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.972781Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1803.02893","last_updated":"2018-03-07T22:02:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T19:38:23.841181Z","submitted_at":"2018-03-07T22:02:10Z","title":"An efficient framework for learning sentence representations","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1803.02893","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.419607Z","title":"and Lee, H","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":68,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.419607Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1803.02893","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:204d003fdc349cfc8e32155ce5628aed8ca6758e8ca15b881fa1fdf2d3e6434a","observation_id":"699e4076-fe72-4249-81db-70e384d4cc59","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.419607Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.548481Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"70446314-0e63-4938-92d2-6892c4260760","year":2012},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":69,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.529216Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:55e3a9432f2ae182dc17afb082401f398ee973f52a89150d4b20bddd4faa6eb0","observation_id":"1f9f1f0b-d26c-47f0-b28f-88558fe7edf2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.685586Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.332710Z","title":"D., and Jones, C","venue":null,"work_id":"c320f6c7-3f85-40cf-8411-c30bfe4840a2","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":70,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.648803Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f9be3196c71ab852febd016d0183eabddebb3d8ccfce932d2da9b7b646f3fd33","observation_id":"4e1e04c0-c1fb-4a0b-a9ea-367cedf9077d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.455154Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.159119Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"6f1badf6-2b28-4468-b1a0-d43b5ca6e748","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":71,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.763974Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:726692546785e3c87a4450389e71a561d919cf43884895c99e16404e8c89c3b4","observation_id":"0eb4b0c0-955b-435d-bd62-32be66a11909","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:23.219611Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.893808Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5aee9d05-94f7-49a8-ae9e-aef0fd4b0cba","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":72,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.853910Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8c9d8f44b2f9f1defda27d80173dfba16c5bb9e975c1dfb3924784f493bae6b3","observation_id":"75c62938-dc1a-4346-8b54-ba8d9f8f4f84","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.992658Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.687572Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"9f23325a-b6f5-4d53-8c84-03bf1a15b2f8","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":73,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:11.955335Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:789c5714466e0da295497f7b23140c793a2658d16c40098a541f701baccc40ea","observation_id":"7168a216-0fb3-431c-a0cf-9c0dbcf2e43e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.797289Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.472199Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"05fabe94-c4e4-433e-a06d-187dbe23f9c7","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":74,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.052462Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d86c74c82565fae89bf677a01d836f6513e6b59cadbfbd60c1b121dd7f543fe8","observation_id":"fef979a9-86d6-4310-96c2-3befa5407902","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.561961Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.343391Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"7746abd8-0714-4394-b86d-fa2d977830c1","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":75,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.175954Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7411c016cee02710c8a966cc73db08febbc2fc781eb290a05c32c7d846411f96","observation_id":"c02e088e-92fc-483f-9168-17ee2270f0b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.401349Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.290852Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":76,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.290852Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2c6f3f89bf931add4490e40cb37d8b9becb95aecb4d8454dd51a7df77e72275c","observation_id":"6c6591fe-618a-4c62-8f4e-cd494d8a3c28","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.290852Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.06213","last_updated":"2024-02-24T16:11:57Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:18:25.480549Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-10T00:03:23Z","title":"GeoLLM: Extracting Geospatial Knowledge from Large Language Models","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.06213","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.402866Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":77,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.402866Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.06213","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2a8c2842903065666672e3614a526976dabddfcbd1bd89310e1f00e30b459af8","observation_id":"d734da45-69a4-4073-9f19-4093b720d1d3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.402866Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.136651Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"6f4da045-d381-45b5-8aef-fa25783fe5c8","year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":78,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.513536Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ccdd6b177d17471851a673577a2291b2ef6e02e1761375005a621a1eb9468cb5","observation_id":"64b9cb00-0b37-47a3-95cd-9465cb8ca74d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:22.254083Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.937918Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f211a44c-8177-4368-acdc-91e4f98bfd8b","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":79,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.624691Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6aff355d5518af33be6b1c6d810a963a2be7a75de19a5812018f885961f264f9","observation_id":"687506ec-4a36-435e-9b4c-d5e6f2441154","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.994389Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2202.08904","last_updated":"2022-08-05T09:33:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T16:39:52.367214Z","submitted_at":"2022-02-17T21:35:56Z","title":"SGPT: GPT Sentence Embeddings for Semantic Search","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2202.08904","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.708792Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":80,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.708792Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2202.08904","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3d6c91185f08a0adffd6b7f40ef60ad08f2bb5e9cffccf8cd34ed037e3b07c53","observation_id":"26bfd8fb-7f95-4ff1-ad71-76ea354e4c32","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.708792Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2201.10005","last_updated":"2022-01-24T23:36:20Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T12:30:51.934079Z","submitted_at":"2022-01-24T23:36:20Z","title":"Text and Code Embeddings by Contrastive Pre-Training","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2201.10005","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.817367Z","title":"M., Tworek, J., Yuan, Q., Tezak, N., Kim, J","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":81,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.817367Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2201.10005","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:17107449b0092a9330c4594e18b3756a49edabc1ddc5db1a0e05c1dc52024978","observation_id":"a8e8a9d4-1922-4d77-95a5-6e66ef694d48","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.817367Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.796537Z","title":"Introducing ChatGPT","venue":null,"work_id":"afed1397-7b9c-470c-a4d3-bb357048d0d1","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":82,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:12.936396Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6a0a2af2440b7c935aa9f65cc0db53905aa651708f5fb654dc1530fa80be355c","observation_id":"60473857-f866-445d-abfc-0a1be8c45a85","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.847879Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.570195Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"2c5022e9-6ce0-4d77-b20b-3a3e89876e4c","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":83,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.009813Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0537bb1a7c41a2e56d6e9e0502d9aa30e7cc76341a169557b2017b3f2f41c5d9","observation_id":"a698de1c-cfee-4ca5-83de-2e117f0d4e8e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.712003Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.457965Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d1da6a1d-a0f2-4f25-9d0e-c2ea245a84a7","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":84,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.082082Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b06bb54a6944da0d1400c9ce2a5b0bb6564fab500d6ae95b477fc84894b957e3","observation_id":"f89a5921-0150-4882-9968-049f26d211b5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.494536Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.310016Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d3b8a40e-2ceb-4495-b90c-637473b5d287","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":85,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.134753Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6e71ffb345aba1dfcc1ced0de2495babe860086dde4f07ae53a634d8fb3dc10a","observation_id":"d950fc9d-4d37-4a0b-898d-ac0b226a197f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.371768Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.222105Z","title":"A., Cui, Z., and Cohn, A","venue":null,"work_id":"d8162cc9-0203-4d43-a766-112a15c5de63","year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":86,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.267303Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e8e08f0acd1a414680e26969d5975a21b33b76d2f8c81e60c9017a781085e67d","observation_id":"cea4b8be-f8ee-4ae9-abd3-5956ca7cc324","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.256114Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.141027Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5c7c2a5c-0a72-47f4-a16e-044132feb763","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":87,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.366531Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:19ed8e4b991d835b5b1300c2d43b06f0ed61001eb6909ec36c45f3e9a92b27e4","observation_id":"6c3a2c77-af4b-4786-b6e7-404e8bc24f81","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.170318Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.10084","last_updated":"2019-08-27T08:50:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T05:02:11.716316Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-27T08:50:17Z","title":"Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1908.10084","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.482353Z","title":"and Gurevych, I","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":88,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.482353Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1908.10084","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:596f626df96dad430915f7635ced22fbbb007184ddbe2f8bc88ac6e992baaecd","observation_id":"0893caf6-b289-49ad-a2df-330899174c65","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.482353Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.045916Z","title":"M., Egenhofer, M","venue":null,"work_id":"140b73cb-946d-4705-b838-4d0728c1c52e","year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":89,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.604902Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d3f6925841316305a5eef28179ae32d24f83b7af7ca623ea7f96d84f51683040","observation_id":"a0063b23-42bf-474b-acbd-b12ed9323001","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:21.091900Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.899259Z","title":"and Nebel, B","venue":null,"work_id":"c94120e8-8ad4-4649-b36f-54bdd34ea46b","year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":90,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.720588Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f55bd99b3bc737d8199a322d00183fafdcd5e70d66fcc63032f5eca4660a115a","observation_id":"9053d9c4-2052-4d7b-98e5-0139e264bc2b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.941394Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.751449Z","title":"and Urrutia, J","venue":null,"work_id":"4d7b01ee-6bf0-4f66-821d-b0392f64294a","year":1999},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":91,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.830804Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f9eecfe066aca4b48a6ddc6c3e302e51c6e2b9e8ce0d59692645aa5e41ef96e9","observation_id":"cf55c247-6911-4b2b-a3a0-d03ffedb4d0d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.822597Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.727308Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f865579d-6419-48d6-8329-20f298c86a27","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":92,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:13.953446Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dedff3b114ea3f2441c2e8bf97898bfe5ffc3b9e3eea9aa322131b4d2064b20f","observation_id":"ff7147b0-c7d2-4a99-b506-38cded96df67","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.741380Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.066034Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1948},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":93,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.066034Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e58de4f1729277de3e954deccf8a45a7ced5f8866793720259c4c1a8a98523ad","observation_id":"3d4b624e-e8b1-4f92-b4b0-66e56fa3beeb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.066034Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.586381Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0f9b1ab3-52bf-4fa9-8945-8b949f186c4c","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":94,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.180217Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:886c43bab7750067cfa79239d7a62af61e644de07b9e8ebfce394387a74e4e4c","observation_id":"ab2dafb7-0a0e-45da-84c6-f3f8cf0e1a8f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.638801Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.475902Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"057200cf-2d6e-4df4-bce3-cba82862473b","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":95,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.300146Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:780d879d259f0c6cf2440e9711231262b93a3809f604199ca40a114947a9eb78","observation_id":"5413fe58-bd9b-45f8-90ca-480bf5d2d60c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.535907Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.277872Z","title":"and Xu, J","venue":null,"work_id":"b6120ada-a663-4818-bae0-4cbab1055d4f","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":96,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.433911Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7cc5983576dde6832fb0d4b72d1db787ce821458f973840ad8720a021adb7cdd","observation_id":"e8d59768-dd14-4cca-9fa4-44beba69acd4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.368050Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.116505Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"13e3512b-1a6d-4b96-a676-23d0afadd1c3","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":97,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.542781Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c0e6903178d7503e627a326f298b66488ac0b71e2517ec3bf291206e0fc4bd41","observation_id":"156a1312-6f1a-4de2-b2fa-d11ac4dadd0b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.178863Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2201.08239","last_updated":"2022-02-10T16:30:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2022-01-20T15:44:37Z","title":"LaMDA: Language Models for Dialog Applications","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2201.08239","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.665059Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":98,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.665059Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2201.08239","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:44537b319deb658fdd67e2361b23ee1cafb75b3b6e43aa038eec77895e11fe0d","observation_id":"535a0452-68c5-46b2-9209-fdfc5e401a24","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.665059Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.10279","last_updated":"2024-01-12T12:43:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-18T08:40:44.431725Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-12T12:43:33Z","title":"A systematic review of geospatial location embedding approaches in large language models: A path to spatial AI systems","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2401.10279","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.817980Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":99,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.817980Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.10279","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b72ec2d0d8200145e169da727eaf03517986da956ba72296560480cb0a0c4bf7","observation_id":"f94fe6c1-7762-4eb4-ae64-45bdcd247494","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.817980Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:19.959405Z","title":"O., Klippel, A., and Baldwin, T","venue":null,"work_id":"3588ac2a-3157-4d1e-9558-3392c8e0a989","year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations","version":1},"reference_index":100,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:14.926693Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.17136"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9c78b943846ac7ce5ae96ec11e08f4686e28eb784ab752d39e0fd806c74cb85f","observation_id":"8580e36e-01db-456f-b10c-4b3a6a46faac","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:08:20.052116Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.17136","last_updated":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T03:48:20.204984Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-22T05:21:31Z","title":"Foundation Models for Geospatial Reasoning: Assessing Capabilities of Large Language Models in Understanding Geometries and Topological Spatial Relations"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":100,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":85,"verified_exact":1,"verified_fuzzy":14},"total_outbound_references":118},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 118 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.17136."}