{"as_of":"2026-08-17T18:09:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:2c3c83da5d43693ce4181f0d73172d62f879311f078cb8cf55e490c630c7be0b","coverage":[{"denominator":20,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":20,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.974580Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":20,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":20,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2507.09440/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2507.09440/integrity","json":"/paper/2507.09440/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.199227Z","title":"What learning algorithm is in-context learning? investigations with linear models","venue":null,"work_id":"76b724ba-51b6-400b-8107-ae5af9aad1cc","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.923756Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:eb22309c70aabd04efb12c051ae35e2224fdc38d071a44d4c382853717a43ac1","observation_id":"0b23e4a6-bdd4-4d8f-91da-b93f14f117a4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.202146Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.926769Z","title":"Bayesian scaling laws for in-context learning","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.926769Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:679f7dd6c69a8fcf3e8494808a9e7cf4f28c680ae1ba067629b9abf2ef5694ee","observation_id":"a1ad1156-3c84-4937-8e68-f6da49dfa4f8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.926769Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.929310Z","title":"Learning theory from first principles","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.929310Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df2b5275f390eb6e28779803cdf2017e6b4104f2f2f7ea7e47e6db82f87dad0b","observation_id":"11ab1bdb-0139-4697-a754-2ce8921c8c86","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.929310Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.186608Z","title":"Training with noise is equivalent to tikhonov regularization","venue":null,"work_id":"9d558726-e45e-47ae-b125-156b16a7b4bd","year":1995},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.932028Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:46a21c26be305f8713c0f083b301150238a9156d911c40e90fd015a30ecee8ea","observation_id":"254c2b31-7047-4fe2-bc0e-72c09099767b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.189149Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2005.14165","last_updated":"2020-07-22T19:47:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2020-05-28T17:29:03Z","title":"Language Models are Few-Shot Learners","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2005.14165","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.934798Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.934798Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2005.14165","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a78cddc285e4460e42668adc5bd92b5ef630e66b3142ce49763530261bc8dfb","observation_id":"bc88ab7d-e034-4be9-8fd0-2f3599295251","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.934798Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.178925Z","title":"A survey on in-context learning","venue":null,"work_id":"6d133cf1-ac95-4c90-8a38-265abad0c924","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.937609Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3ad714e6f9822b79d455d45281e2133e902e674eef27c6e82883c2a6aa035346","observation_id":"0542686e-d2cb-49c4-ac0a-f107f01ae275","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.181492Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.940846Z","title":"A mathematical framework for transformer circuits","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.940846Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:26a05e3be7a737ced7404619a1b5cd9ca7a9085af8cd68855e4a036796f96e39","observation_id":"b331e331-95f0-47ef-9d6b-58dd437b793f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.940846Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2208.01066","last_updated":"2023-08-11T19:27:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T16:41:53.982332Z","submitted_at":"2022-08-01T18:01:40Z","title":"What Can Transformers Learn In-Context? A Case Study of Simple Function Classes","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2208.01066","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.943494Z","title":"What can transformers learn in-context? a case study of simple function classes, 2023","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.943494Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2208.01066","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0f4edc1d567885893e9e69e36e7217e362bd6bc395aadf4a8311d6e79a872a7d","observation_id":"949a9976-c58b-4668-aba9-159d7e45e536","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.943494Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.165638Z","title":"Smith, Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn, and David J","venue":null,"work_id":"8d17499f-ff4a-407c-aa33-62a94937782b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.946522Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b5eaf2a02e39601a1bff9f01a486a1c0bb8fb58292c61fc2fc155e53ad9ad82c","observation_id":"4dd223b8-b3d4-405d-9892-b5f6c3e7dcd8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.168426Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.157808Z","title":"Cauchy's method of minimization","venue":null,"work_id":"cb0cf86d-a7b9-43a9-bb66-caa5ff7ba71f","year":1962},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.948848Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48b026a539b5fb8442b97020828698f6691ee020d7534726f7027f2733ccbebc","observation_id":"cfb30f18-ab1e-4313-980c-4a1bf410b6fa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.160373Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.10105","last_updated":"2024-04-14T01:15:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:59:40.231658Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-18T19:28:48Z","title":"Understanding Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Models via Implicit Inference","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.10105","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.951300Z","title":"Understanding catastrophic forgetting in language models via implicit inference, 2024","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.951300Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.10105","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fd7966c6f1939eb19d10f6c90777b477e2d8233be42d644d1cff85f303babaeb","observation_id":"2ae55cb5-ad13-4240-98d7-d4f47519fe95","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.951300Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.150062Z","title":"Predictive multiplicity in classification","venue":null,"work_id":"aa29595a-c39d-4e65-a579-fc2b4bc18ef9","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.954133Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:470c2e20ac266844231d18287680a9a0f91fa571b5c32be2b01cd82f41469377","observation_id":"35b6bd68-56f0-489a-be01-bf93c7a2308a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.152746Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.13638","last_updated":"2023-09-24T13:35:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:58:06.146219Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-24T13:35:28Z","title":"Embers of Autoregression: Understanding Large Language Models Through the Problem They are Trained to Solve","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.13638","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.956649Z","title":"Embers of autoregression: Understanding large language models through the problem they are trained to solve","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.956649Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.13638","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f25084b0791915553ecc93937b11240a46d27b45b535114b05b7e85c58229c7f","observation_id":"51c9e342-52d9-4a2a-8e7d-48d5f35d2ecc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.956649Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1912.07242","last_updated":"2019-12-16T08:28:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T08:44:41.235996Z","submitted_at":"2019-12-16T08:28:26Z","title":"More Data Can Hurt for Linear Regression: Sample-wise Double Descent","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1912.07242","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.959393Z","title":"More data can hurt for linear regression: Sample-wise double descent, 2019","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.959393Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1912.07242","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d70ec05e4f655203f3e62a98381f82d2292071bcab2ce8b6f73948d7bb92cb5a","observation_id":"1e99849d-ecff-486f-b090-8dd7783026df","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.959393Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2209.11895","last_updated":"2022-09-24T00:43:19Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T09:43:59.961298Z","submitted_at":"2022-09-24T00:43:19Z","title":"In-context Learning and Induction Heads","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2209.11895","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.961955Z","title":"In-context learning and induction heads","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.961955Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2209.11895","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3762982056989ac10b4a0b21d3d4f97b8aecd04045346b1179e84963689c02d0","observation_id":"c70fea0b-1245-46dc-9998-631bc4476c0c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.961955Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.139783Z","title":"Pretraining task diversity and the emergence of non-bayesian in-context learning for regression","venue":null,"work_id":"81c321dd-e8d4-47a0-89ee-c52fe3e431c1","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.964504Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bc7975d6f149c3c6c7cbbaf81c3bfdd635c812000c6e99d2f3e12b7a31403579","observation_id":"f407d3b4-0610-48e5-935a-fecbafd129aa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:15.144127Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.08540","last_updated":"2024-06-03T04:18:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:52:36.033424Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-12T17:32:09Z","title":"Do pretrained Transformers Learn In-Context by Gradient Descent?","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.08540","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.967182Z","title":"Do pretrained transformers really learn in-context by gradient descent? arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.08540, 2023","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.967182Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.08540","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:72febb0bab6753abf23092669214f5a1d11c1a6e14dfb326a229e5693a90b014","observation_id":"4637800a-69f2-4bdf-a36b-dcc194d23490","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.967182Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1706.03762","last_updated":"2023-08-02T00:41:18Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T01:19:18.409791Z","submitted_at":"2017-06-12T17:57:34Z","title":"Attention Is All You Need","version":7},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1706.03762","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.969689Z","title":"Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.969689Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1706.03762","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a2aa0e2bfe77303e837ec8e92fc4ca4179b65aebf5c1476e6c1090b12f15b853","observation_id":"3645c945-832d-44af-b92f-5d82f0d7e7aa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.969689Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.972174Z","title":"Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.972174Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1f895c10c038dc1bc42bb111bf6422d1077b63f71f0f10ba62287f0f730fac0b","observation_id":"a89c9943-b8c2-42d6-807a-a9a287c3f86a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.972174Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.09388","last_updated":"2025-05-14T13:41:34Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-14T13:41:34Z","title":"Qwen3 Technical Report","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2505.09388","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.974580Z","title":"Qwen3 technical report, 2025","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.974580Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2505.09388","citing_paper":"/paper/2507.09440"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6b2dc626fda1821d9bd58d77b938a2a10885fdd6ce82c28767e90de9ea71b1fd","observation_id":"f6148ffc-202a-4a66-8b35-579ec08368da","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-06T18:03:14.974580Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2507.09440","last_updated":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.LG","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T11:50:08.740691Z","submitted_at":"2025-07-13T01:09:26Z","title":"Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":20,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":13,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":7},"total_outbound_references":20},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 20 of 20 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.09440."}