{"as_of":"2026-08-13T06:01:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:03275b224f1e72fda005ca427d913cec74b541128f6c740ea43ab992b2bbc17c","coverage":[{"denominator":20,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":20,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.413134Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":21,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":21,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":1,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-05T19:30:33.775696Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"pith","source_observed_at":"2026-08-05T19:30:34.593712Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2509.24256","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T19:30:34.593712Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","venue":"cs.LG","work_id":"72e40505-efce-4ee0-9767-0609575049cc","year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2608.03413","last_updated":"2026-08-04T10:06:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-09T20:02:30.831548Z","submitted_at":"2026-08-04T10:06:15Z","title":"Enactive Artificial Intelligence: A Decision-Centric Architecture for Complex Systems","version":1},"reference_index":120,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-05T19:30:33.775696Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2509.24256","citing_paper":"/paper/2608.03413"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7deb4797b94d660565cc4f7a1ac97f2df852fd8b9054325a698c0b0af1e33630","observation_id":"e70cab21-ace1-4b91-8c55-84f10cbe69aa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-05T19:30:34.599834Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2509.24256/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2509.24256/integrity","json":"/paper/2509.24256/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2005.14165","last_updated":"2020-07-22T19:47:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2020-05-28T17:29:03Z","title":"Language Models are Few-Shot Learners","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2005.14165","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.497484Z","title":"Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah, Jared Kaplan, Prafulla Dhariwal, Arvind Nee- lakantan, Pranav Shyam, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, and et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2005},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.497484Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2005.14165","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:72866a35ed9cfe5c2b93fb1b01eba69623d6d1a64a68f6625f7ad6126d40acdb","observation_id":"669585f3-33da-4136-92f3-836204d1ecd4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.497484Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2309.03409","last_updated":"2024-04-15T07:50:32Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-07T00:07:15Z","title":"Large Language Models as Optimizers","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2309.03409","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.016114Z","title":"Chengrun Yang, Xuezhi Wang, Yifeng Lu, Hanxiao Liu, Quoc V","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.016114Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2309.03409","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8fcc4c24907b3bc4e4b4a04cc48931ef7e01fd1236e383f26258da849468b6e0","observation_id":"798a2016-b73b-46d4-a0a7-841e905f431d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.016114Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1706.02216","last_updated":"2018-09-10T14:26:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T12:30:48.918405Z","submitted_at":"2017-06-07T14:51:05Z","title":"Inductive Representation Learning on Large Graphs","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1706.02216","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.702140Z","title":"William L","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.702140Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1706.02216","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:746e5d0f862c6594a05855ac785aafb0e4eb6648d7f4359a129efa0a91aca56b","observation_id":"e4457ade-87d3-4e38-a376-61c025482c54","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.702140Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1906.01227","last_updated":"2019-10-14T11:31:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T10:54:26.264740Z","submitted_at":"2019-06-04T06:51:45Z","title":"An Efficient Graph Convolutional Network Technique for the Travelling Salesman Problem","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1906.01227","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.802192Z","title":"Chaitanya K","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1906},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.802192Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1906.01227","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6de7d144ed5dd17dafe4b12054f2f33a3857844a3becb3755d3529c9117abca3","observation_id":"edc57c24-3e92-44bd-96b9-8ab14dac7f60","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.802192Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1704.01665","last_updated":"2018-02-21T19:47:20Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T05:36:43.853666Z","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T23:08:07Z","title":"Learning Combinatorial Optimization Algorithms over Graphs","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1704.01665","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.931549Z","title":"Elias Boutros Khalil, Hanjun Dai, Yuyu Zhang, Bistra N","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.931549Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1704.01665","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cbdf4524a54cefcd0f9d57318f23fef9af76dc676f15fdebb368762af874c9e5","observation_id":"286fcf6b-7950-4d27-b023-e481513b5c8b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.931549Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.00149","last_updated":"2024-07-12T23:01:32Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T16:25:46.699214Z","submitted_at":"2023-09-29T21:15:26Z","title":"One for All: Towards Training One Graph Model for All Classification Tasks","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.00149","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.054032Z","title":"arterial","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.054032Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.00149","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8c0ea4ff91f36421c7b72707df4c9d6293dce3a1b4baec6bb7871d721f08fd02","observation_id":"fb698b0a-cccf-45f5-ade5-2bdf5e810787","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.054032Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.179712Z","title":"This was extended by Kwon et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.179712Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:31bb50c3e2d9ea87e6f3b016a759434ba63563fe2a0782ba698f92a88349ab5a","observation_id":"ff94050a-050f-4b7c-a154-3c81d9694e1c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.179712Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.413134Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.413134Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fe2000ac9a20ed0eeee78620a30503dad57c60fde2bb1e664669ac69d71dfa7f","observation_id":"193c450c-4de0-4ca5-b72c-564a58e9c5f3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.413134Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1506.03134","last_updated":"2017-01-02T10:25:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T04:20:26.449965Z","submitted_at":"2015-06-09T23:38:16Z","title":"Pointer Networks","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1506.03134","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.622046Z","title":"Oriol Vinyals, Meire Fortunato, and Navdeep Jaitly","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":1981,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.622046Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1506.03134","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8b52273c5b2d668dd4c8b602d4793ae1a1de12dad166d6cf5282fb73bcbf186b","observation_id":"cdcf5ade-62a1-48bf-ae76-4f1b02e43bab","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.622046Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2103.03012","last_updated":"2021-03-04T13:20:06Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T18:12:53.602154Z","submitted_at":"2021-03-04T13:20:06Z","title":"The Transformer Network for the Traveling Salesman Problem","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2103.03012","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.129948Z","title":"Xavier Bresson and Thomas Laurent","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":1985,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.129948Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2103.03012","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cded0d3f21209db3d75b7e207c086ff04e53b7f9b0c4c39a4dcf53bce44f8a31","observation_id":"c5f1813b-f17b-4b93-8955-0c1be04290be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.129948Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1611.09940","last_updated":"2017-01-12T23:55:36Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T22:02:29.962183Z","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T23:22:39Z","title":"Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Reinforcement Learning","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1611.09940","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.710982Z","title":"Irwan Bello, Hieu Pham, Quoc V","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2015,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.710982Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1611.09940","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:76d91e899812ec1d41e417c3bdc2ae3a5338181353aa3d38161267ff6c3fd436","observation_id":"a0921515-a5fc-4095-b4b2-87a8ba22487a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.710982Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1710.10903","last_updated":"2018-02-04T19:13:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2017-10-30T12:41:12Z","title":"Graph Attention Networks","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1710.10903","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.590202Z","title":"Petar Velickovic, Guillem Cucurull, Arantxa Casanova, Adriana Romero, Pietro Lio’, and Yoshua Bengio","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2016,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.590202Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1710.10903","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a0a60bdb8cf7d5b9c637006dff97cd39c0d1e5118f2baffbe23cd31fc362c4f9","observation_id":"7ab23e50-141a-498a-9084-592e379ad8bf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.590202Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1609.02907","last_updated":"2017-02-22T09:55:36Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T05:10:16.862707Z","submitted_at":"2016-09-09T19:48:41Z","title":"Semi-Supervised Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1609.02907","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.512595Z","title":"Thomas Kipf and Max Welling","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2017,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.512595Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1609.02907","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e03ac441166a342046996ceef1e2b91aa6ccebd4f303f01864f45d13209e0054","observation_id":"3508f82f-a2d6-4736-ab12-5b7a4dc2389e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.512595Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2010.16011","last_updated":"2021-07-13T05:20:17Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T10:10:03.255419Z","submitted_at":"2020-10-30T00:57:50Z","title":"POMO: Policy Optimization with Multiple Optima for Reinforcement Learning","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2010.16011","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.826151Z","title":"Yeong-Dae Kwon, Jinho Choo, Byoungjip Kim, Iljoo Yoon, Seungjai Min, and Youngjune Gwon","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2010},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2018,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.826151Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2010.16011","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8357665e2bc040f4182f62fea7eff015bd9095710569d0c5472a4145ff2b1706","observation_id":"12809fda-a74d-44d7-920a-7a48c6ad1604","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.826151Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.296614Z","title":"Transformer-Based ApproachesFollowing the transformer revolution Vaswani et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2019,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.296614Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a3a38c37c6ae39099dd92a322897cad602ae7f658609c98e3c7532660c76c4e","observation_id":"27ddc812-7500-4e23-8f4d-793b400b7e6a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:34.296614Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2302.08224","last_updated":"2023-12-02T21:27:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T02:27:10.569052Z","submitted_at":"2023-02-16T11:13:36Z","title":"DIFUSCO: Graph-based Diffusion Solvers for Combinatorial Optimization","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2302.08224","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.905930Z","title":"Zhiqing Sun and Yiming Yang","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2020,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.905930Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2302.08224","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f440bc9dd86b4030833bc66aebe0fdc1c06cfeb4923ea6f5f5ba4d6003682864","observation_id":"3dbdfafe-0127-4fcf-8ab9-6bd36afbd6ba","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.905930Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.07985","last_updated":"2024-01-13T01:32:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T05:51:02.342650Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-12T02:18:50Z","title":"Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Heavy Decoder: Toward Large Scale Generalization","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.07985","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.184308Z","title":"Hua Yang, Minghao Zhao, Lei Yuan, Yang Yu, Zhenhua Li, and Ming Gu","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2021,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.184308Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.07985","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d7a78eb0fff08afce3189305bb1eebbe0f2ff27117be49fc8d531326eacc70bc","observation_id":"dcac3724-5fab-4b70-bac3-2313ca412f66","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.184308Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.09388","last_updated":"2025-05-14T13:41:34Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-14T13:41:34Z","title":"Qwen3 Technical Report","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2505.09388","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.544805Z","title":"An Yang, Anfeng Li, Baosong Yang, Beichen Zhang, Binyuan Hui, Bo Zheng, Bowen Yu, Chang Gao, Chengen Huang, Chenxu Lv, and et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2023,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.544805Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2505.09388","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fac470f6e676ba0cb8ac48a511beaa7dea44346ed7f917d45e41d49b4a0775ac","observation_id":"374f9447-9866-4785-9c80-ecdfd0de29d1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:32.544805Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.01145","last_updated":"2024-10-14T13:50:46Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:28:42.402172Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T05:04:51Z","title":"ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.01145","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.401802Z","title":"org/CorpusID:270875399","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2024,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.401802Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.01145","citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3ac4f5047af6b4bc125b6e7af14a1e30e2e388adf024c7d45a7ea036c7b98274","observation_id":"5a6f1503-42fb-4850-9703-03ce38bd09d4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.401802Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.293023Z","title":"Mohammed Elhenawy, Ahmad Abutahoun, Taqwa I","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1921},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm","version":2},"reference_index":2025,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.293023Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2509.24256"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b963e82c6f86af911a32fc802f7130ee159b19ac3ff74c4b5d418a5682e8a8da","observation_id":"d73fe639-41fe-4c9f-834a-92895530fc7a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-04T14:42:33.293023Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2509.24256","last_updated":"2026-07-13T05:58:29Z","latest_version":2,"primary_category":"cs.LG","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-10T16:40:37.336247Z","submitted_at":"2025-09-29T04:05:48Z","title":"Graph Optimization Foundation Model: Tokenizing Graph via A Language-Model Paradigm"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":20,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":20,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":20},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 20 of 20 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2509.24256."}