{"as_of":"2026-08-18T03:52:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:95caccd5fa50db98148e300c5a849e3c5e40a46c49b08e1d2933be03d6c51926","coverage":[{"denominator":51,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":51,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":52,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":52,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":1,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-07-12T14:55:13.702631Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2606.05420","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-12T14:55:13.702631Z","title":"Bargagli-Stoffi","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2026},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2607.02531","last_updated":"2026-06-05T13:51:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T01:29:54.352617Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-05T13:51:11Z","title":"The Hidden Water Geography of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers in the AI Era","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-07-12T14:55:13.702631Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2606.05420","citing_paper":"/paper/2607.02531"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2e075b0f954fb0b9c557a98e9f4785b7b7ad6ab23eaa74f030157e6df0f965ce","observation_id":"0862b8c6-9cb2-47b0-b003-8afac69448ce","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-12T14:55:13.702631Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2606.05420/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2606.05420/integrity","json":"/paper/2606.05420/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Crawford","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:12fa5b06e335813c9a7f5e58db037b4bb7fd666f3f7208261b4a9c7a8e6270b6","observation_id":"8e134c89-ea59-4f5a-a521-49dd6e148c12","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Erdenesanaa","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1c2480d10eab11ba97dffc63b5e32af64371fa62bf5a1e17cd8461a4aa21b6ee","observation_id":"93617d26-8a82-4c19-9f32-e1c5bafb4472","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2104.10350","last_updated":"2021-04-23T14:26:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T05:11:57.545339Z","submitted_at":"2021-04-21T04:44:25Z","title":"Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2104.10350","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.10350","metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2104.10350","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z","title":"Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training","venue":"cs.LG","work_id":"5cd5f484-8e24-440f-8bed-e8a801f4ac40","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2104.10350","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dcd8334115dffc0a582349ee59979d5a834aa7ebe78c5066475674aac0201506","observation_id":"d5d3f195-729c-4ef8-99b3-27ba88a8d657","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-02T08:16:48.050435Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T23:38:11.476712+00:00","source":"crossref_status_cache"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T23:38:11.476712+00:00","source":"openalex_status_cache"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Mytton, M","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2032},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:93af7ba60faca4669d041c8a46d4c793895718f31c06b002965c52085710503e","observation_id":"30af8d45-e934-408b-9c91-64b8585b6ad7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Shehabi,et al., 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report,Tech","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4c130a66567ed8ae5343e1ef65c486193ee36e8bf0b10f4ed5d742865928e234","observation_id":"9e5e1aad-1582-489d-846a-d604962e4091","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:eea5c581787f900dd08473dbcdcbf65c340262d488afa3bcd769afdc25c0c9cb","observation_id":"53ab049e-41f2-4796-8e26-fbab601aa4bf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Kamiya, P","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:94e4c25aba05d86e1a840096161e39ff5b558513e6fec2d8a38c6b524f033308","observation_id":"e4a6e449-a6c8-4e2c-8641-5be627aac109","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:213b61883f1eaf1005ec14d0f9efc25f7c3f0764383ddff7a3d5714d197359ee","observation_id":"c186cc95-2241-479e-8472-ab68c6f04694","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Dayarathna, Y","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9479107919064eeae2e5b1986bf88a0b089c4038f17b41900911aae17ea54dd4","observation_id":"f6b45ccf-ff51-48a0-a905-e5e08e14a114","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Guidi,et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8bbf94f54dd3b188fe48113a78432eb9413caa08388e1471041a2a19364f5c80","observation_id":"a39737cb-7941-48c0-97cd-325cd79a5420","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Stokel-Walker","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:36de4396417341e3c0668fa269335fa5dba8f7eaa790794a3cf7aacc46c01610","observation_id":"46ed8aeb-2bcb-4f90-b399-a2101876726b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1906.02243","last_updated":"2019-06-05T18:40:53Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T16:20:15.943278Z","submitted_at":"2019-06-05T18:40:53Z","title":"Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"1906.02243","doi":"10.18653/v1/p19-1355","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"1906.02243","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-11T11:50:26.030339Z","title":"Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"33ac678f-b75d-4caf-b8a6-9a4d65b1748c","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1906.02243","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b10f4fff09bdf535e28560b76e3c7e3de512f7263210ed8f49314463ff94a839","observation_id":"b95b8662-4b58-47ea-8ccf-f828d968fe14","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-02T08:16:48.047442Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T23:38:11.815124+00:00","source":"crossref_status_cache"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T23:38:11.815124+00:00","source":"openalex_status_cache"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Shehabi,et al., United states data center energy usage report,Tech","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fb9b086636890f1462c466de1d6a90c9ec09edc90af9e29efb6338cc52822aec","observation_id":"fa875085-9185-47e3-8c30-b59c78f04c98","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Ferreira, G","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:42b1b319cc262265e92ed0682a85df9cb8b10c1c194f13cae32e4de11a2e3a06","observation_id":"39d1d9cb-2d45-4587-a9a6-d18cce0072ae","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Energy Information Administration, How much electricity is consumed in the U.S","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2e4515c199935b2e71eab5c0d338b864d92a8fab0a1fb52d697eecaeb9c09db2","observation_id":"0f0f03b0-72b7-4280-8a0e-debae87782e2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b5e0ce02b9e7247856b9ceb3cb6135ec7a38d0ddfd6ab0037afd4acfa3182ad7","observation_id":"6e0144c1-406b-4902-a5c0-aad30d9a1ac6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:794b269a91e05197e2833437d3e180abf49486c91675532ccc1eb1913af8b227","observation_id":"fe2959ac-f778-4670-a0d8-11c3ca1751c7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:09b6a8abcd699bcf21781729ee3f767bd75da276218751c333ef8f5dc8fb8bbe","observation_id":"5ea2a643-d4a8-48a9-af8b-a880921dbf01","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Stoll, L","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4d8c97d44220738abafdb1b38400554c7f0ac78398999e16876df219477a3c9c","observation_id":"9c8db86c-a9a3-405f-85ab-ee86fc99e303","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"rep., International Energy Agency (2025)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ca0d9aa817cba5133aa2014ca5806d0b2ea225577c435e528ca0738232cb7b7f","observation_id":"8e31a39c-8913-4dee-970c-ffe32c5d1159","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Energy Information Administration, State energy data system (seds): Fuel use by state, https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/sep_fuel/html/pdf/fuel_use_es .pdf(2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:75c57c843935ec01421f14c38f082488b2747f9f678b1a452e3b63c4b62357c4","observation_id":"ff1873b7-b776-40e2-bcf9-49e6f9a81384","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:06789edd85f3d0db1f5623896867fb51146b4fcde2a5f96eaf6988393e7790de","observation_id":"e06651dd-56c1-444c-973d-1af6edd4035a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0066a2b688a21ddcffea36b439649e4662ae9b56d1a008c31b9730d5254f6a74","observation_id":"2c866ffb-4050-4413-9ec8-61fff27b3252","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Sachs, Ai to drive 165% increase in data center power demand by 2030 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2030},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bd4c2caf914828dbdd2bd4a163ba8fa8c45eec04cbfade74b69ac4ad8fab2f55","observation_id":"4ae2c393-2362-4667-b1ff-c3b748161908","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"3004.2022","doi":"10.1080/17583004.2022.2088402","metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z","title":null,"venue":"Carbon Management","work_id":"11284a34-5614-4c1f-b2e7-8cdf9fa60bba","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7c9ecedaa7b8cf278eaa84a3cfa50a3aa7aa9d4221413865d7809c4d3030b8d8","observation_id":"8fd6bcf1-7144-4e55-8af0-836cb0f1919e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:21:42.862037Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Environmental Protection Agency, Frequent Questions about eGRID (2024)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:67add655ddc49cb59ffc17b42b38c2acb352db68b052758da41a81b8457a7d8d","observation_id":"bd53503a-2785-4660-b799-5f213fa5af65","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Accessed: 7-October-2024","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fdd37b533b7c4142888f54a25d61f2215b50517f1cc831637b8cba7f99628434","observation_id":"a1fb15af-c931-49d0-ac2e-5cdb5c44a596","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"rep., International Data Corporation, Framingham, MA (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ac5e7418dd52c76c567b4d8b6d75297575920aec118622bc74652409653ca22f","observation_id":"9e247187-87f9-425e-9728-d4a205bfb9e1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"rep., International Data Corporation, Framingham, MA (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:36b5e8fd7b1e005933186871d2be5dffb083262ee6ad1dd1cca937294a0686f7","observation_id":"f1c4f487-a3f4-4618-beb2-ee56e3325cb7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"[Accessed 29-October-2024]","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8752389182c40806fcc80a185a2a74dd5033b76d8a15da9a7f2abd850b23910c","observation_id":"02dfc19a-0944-44a9-8891-c112007d5a6e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9007fec823a4ea61f7910921dc91c010e8f509590b245e1ca79ed1943055d653","observation_id":"02aa8840-0f10-416c-b8f3-178af45772eb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:179d19b4d1c82c40a6b0d3bbe76c705d439ba0c067db20419660c71fab921f43","observation_id":"f8c89ab3-3a03-4344-a6c8-7ecbc23bde3b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Report on data center industry transforma- tion and investment trends","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fa73c0e3d27ba913de0489aaae19655edef5ed4a064e090e658591bd0cb7f322","observation_id":"b8226e1a-f1f7-4887-8d30-da68038c8ac5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Choukse, M","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e69e018ed3de844f4a6a65079ba4a6847732080d527e270087bc4d90070bce10","observation_id":"0e01298a-34d2-40f4-bc37-5b5c83f05c91","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Ekvall, A.-M","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2005},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9f297ee62d92bda02d7161eb59cdcb0e7c0a144e8a1f3d3229706557f8f6591f","observation_id":"40315558-7b8b-4e10-8105-bb4ad32f9e34","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Nordenstam","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:261fea147d66b8b003d48439cfc4c9d24380c18d2c43430a1612f8468b2eda6d","observation_id":"01c186fb-55a5-4140-b5e9-e56877e3eff6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Energy Information Administration, Electric power monthly,Technical report, U.S","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:15b0afa426c0358f8ee3ed56b0d0512db68fc0eb1a332a8a3f32b18c9d4963b2","observation_id":"78da4445-dad5-42b5-b19d-04f39a5ff49e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Energy Information Administration, Electricity generation, capacity, and sales in the United States (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7efff6160849fe1ad62f2a8f58f7a7ee9ffe2f743e114d2eca62eb2758b82b26","observation_id":"2a97961e-e17e-4772-8b3d-1813d521b412","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2311.08589","last_updated":"2023-11-14T23:20:50Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T14:43:15.256771Z","submitted_at":"2023-11-14T23:20:50Z","title":"Carbon Responder: Coordinating Demand Response for the Datacenter Fleet","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2311.08589","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2311.08589","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-02T08:16:48.040576Z","title":"Carbon responder: Coordinating demand response for the datacenter fleet","venue":null,"work_id":"a9d93380-64a4-4b05-83fe-522c993846d3","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2311.08589","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:73a06d432e4bbfffe59afe735d3beeb6ff1f7d01592fc21b3eb8e062e1325e3e","observation_id":"eda4f6c7-2bff-400d-bfd5-27b354144319","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-02T08:16:48.042281Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Jagannadharao, N","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:394df0889d25a0fa91710c1d058f72cafb4bfcc169525027b2c9618e0774908f","observation_id":"5ccb0294-6092-456b-8a5c-ef0a24d5dc22","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2206.05229","last_updated":"2022-06-10T17:04:04Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T09:16:44.205940Z","submitted_at":"2022-06-10T17:04:04Z","title":"Measuring the Carbon Intensity of AI in Cloud Instances","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2206.05229","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2206.05229","metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"2206.05229","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z","title":"Smith, Nicole DeCario, and Will Buchanan","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","work_id":"c90f2479-80ee-40d2-a81e-697fa083da0c","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2206.05229","citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:05663bcd0431d9dddf4ecaa9d915bb65b6858463bc3082f8ad0dff3b00b79e2d","observation_id":"84d4c655-4f2c-40cf-8f26-6a7d6b60531a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-07-02T08:16:48.044946Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Gagnon, W","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:795ede8154493fa2ea12cfffdf65d39bcc8c1bb6f6a5f60e9f3e639f1c610d5a","observation_id":"32ae4ce4-5794-4d48-b450-76a2e5fc10d9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Prettenhofer, G","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:85bd9d0f645b82618d2b765f10a9dcca60b4bed3eab6cdf48c19434e01b37268","observation_id":"2cc94cfe-03a1-4f39-8960-32ad17327625","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Istrate,et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cec2ee34ea85af7bef8e41b1604597476ba0d5db5bf13110a7641c4431c7046c","observation_id":"5af5ea3c-2e3c-4b3a-96c8-ef7b26d944da","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Niewenhuis, S","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e2c8853752e475292847c9b654b4dbdcd706008da0a64fe8d6197d53f4c690ca","observation_id":"2228ddd4-9694-4944-8578-69b84796b800","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Sarkar,et al.,Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence(2024), vol","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a67a0250f849b26caa41be65ebfa2f927ddbc7c55699fa17dd767f949593aeb2","observation_id":"308e3e26-200b-4873-934d-01f71d16acd9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Masanet, A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f76fb129a1dc0b61795bdd8daf6bf58410423ac74e7e65be00db5b0fa8240b0d","observation_id":"78025ab7-5c7d-4cd4-9541-d07bb7fc40eb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Luers,et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ef332d4ef6fa0d64aa32beb82e9d4cb613e8947d1f6935230342c69a78ce85fb","observation_id":"e2a21eae-67e0-40f9-9e38-2cd17cd49c17","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Masanet, N","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c84ce62aa998e88f0d036f8a61509d128f86e3de10054269b09ce6b314f022ff","observation_id":"958a392a-076b-4db9-9427-1e3a4bd22354","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e00e481a198463170996c6b9b0609415c5a89f44f07165996b512dcb674606e5","observation_id":"5948807f-5139-49d9-8012-03b8703ed755","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2012},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2606.05420"},"observation_digest":"sha256:84ba543e305d1697c7f7ae797808707db502638c2ba96166e34de5454d7ca94e","observation_id":"ec3a8381-e7d2-4a10-a8f9-ac41797009a2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-06-28T06:13:27.003166Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2606.05420","last_updated":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.AI","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:06:18.902296Z","submitted_at":"2026-06-03T20:38:10Z","title":"Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":51,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":1,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":45,"verified_exact":5,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":51},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-17T06:30:54.323127+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 51 of 51 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2606.05420."}