{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z","short_pith_number":"pith:2PFIDODQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"88848e0a5a4b77aae7a8b701713137fb565484838d1ae3e3bb574679351dbaad","abstract_canon_sha256":"dcfc9c21324ddebf4b788c41da348d050ef975dfe8d98daec14cd380f07a9be3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d3ca81b870cfb19d66b44d54f32673f651bc55f8d43a4018100846657b5498ea","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.1978","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.1978","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.1978v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.1978","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2PFIDODQZ6YZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2PFIDODQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"88848e0a5a4b77aae7a8b701713137fb565484838d1ae3e3bb574679351dbaad","abstract_canon_sha256":"dcfc9c21324ddebf4b788c41da348d050ef975dfe8d98daec14cd380f07a9be3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d3ca81b870cfb19d66b44d54f32673f651bc55f8d43a4018100846657b5498ea","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.201438Z","signature_b64":"n/qyWcWGRdTjLSYCwKpLHBjKp+F70YO7XprwW690Aon6RjnEuYii65kD2CMOqXrNguZwE366fdcp2DRm3bwsCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d3ca81b870cfb19d66b44d54f32673f651bc55f8d43a4018100846657b5498ea","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.200837Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.200837Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.1978","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iFza+XhqGu1qaFt7vvIRzhnN8jB2fJPovLtqnb+KHQa4S4DzJLe9SpoU8tHZMkHBkB0zDlfkJ9M0LDUvSp4NBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:39:19.345826Z"},"content_sha256":"a01938f1367b38cc7a0706c35fe180ba2d54bcc3159c65b6f5f056ccb73c075a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a01938f1367b38cc7a0706c35fe180ba2d54bcc3159c65b6f5f056ccb73c075a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Onset of cavitation in the quark-gluon plasma","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nucl-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Mathis Habich, Paul Romatschke","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the onset of bubble formation (cavitation) in the quark-gluon plasma as a result of the reduction of the effective pressure from bulk-viscous corrections. By calculating velocity gradients in typical models for quark-gluon plasma evolution in heavy-ion collisions, we obtain results for the critical bulk viscosity above which cavitation occurs. Since present experimental data for heavy-ion collisions seems inconsistent with the presence of bubbles above the phase transition temperature of QCD, our results may be interpreted as an upper limit of the bulk viscosity in nature. Our results"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XFSH0xZw9uZa9byBt8e+LmhyQIY0WGU9XGDffEzRX5fxf96Sf7/faZkFIrCgBOWOuFyR2NZHxb9N0KhK1TtyCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:39:19.346184Z"},"content_sha256":"4ef0294cb62db3878706620a65f57b953a51c8217235df8bb145f6bb9affa583","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4ef0294cb62db3878706620a65f57b953a51c8217235df8bb145f6bb9affa583"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T15:39:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVUJVKPGJTT6Z","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dcfc9c21324ddebf4b788c41da348d050ef975dfe8d98daec14cd380f07a9be3","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"88848e0a5a4b77aae7a8b701713137fb565484838d1ae3e3bb574679351dbaad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.1978","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.1978v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.1978","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2PFIDODQZ6YZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2PFIDODQZ6YZ2ZVU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2PFIDODQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4ef0294cb62db3878706620a65f57b953a51c8217235df8bb145f6bb9affa583","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the onset of bubble formation (cavitation) in the quark-gluon plasma as a result of the reduction of the effective pressure from bulk-viscous corrections. By calculating velocity gradients in typical models for quark-gluon plasma evolution in heavy-ion collisions, we obtain results for the critical bulk viscosity above which cavitation occurs. Since present experimental data for heavy-ion collisions seems inconsistent with the presence of bubbles above the phase transition temperature of QCD, our results may be interpreted as an upper limit of the bulk viscosity in nature. Our results","authors_text":"Mathis Habich, Paul Romatschke","cross_cats":["nucl-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","title":"Onset of cavitation in the quark-gluon plasma"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a01938f1367b38cc7a0706c35fe180ba2d54bcc3159c65b6f5f056ccb73c075a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dcfc9c21324ddebf4b788c41da348d050ef975dfe8d98daec14cd380f07a9be3","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-08T15:42:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"88848e0a5a4b77aae7a8b701713137fb565484838d1ae3e3bb574679351dbaad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.1978","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d3ca81b870cfb19d66b44d54f32673f651bc55f8d43a4018100846657b5498ea","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d3ca81b870cfb19d66b44d54f32673f651bc55f8d43a4018100846657b5498ea","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.200837Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.200837Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"n/qyWcWGRdTjLSYCwKpLHBjKp+F70YO7XprwW690Aon6RjnEuYii65kD2CMOqXrNguZwE366fdcp2DRm3bwsCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:16.201438Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.1978","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a01938f1367b38cc7a0706c35fe180ba2d54bcc3159c65b6f5f056ccb73c075a","sha256:4ef0294cb62db3878706620a65f57b953a51c8217235df8bb145f6bb9affa583"],"state_sha256":"b058c887dff0472d5d3387203278d45364b4b541cd596e40893a1065a0b81d2e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hBHAvnmFBUnbR6FuRW1JHBnXZh3+fHE8cs8hnx+AsWAhGj8KlWtYFsnt3bQwdVuj7k+KFIxYtekRUXJFtUz6Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:39:19.348249Z","bundle_sha256":"70d4ac7321ee481a0f032ea88338f3e4b07138b2d3c83b4147a8663ad89db9ee"}}