{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A","short_pith_number":"pith:2RDDQBC7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"35260ae2f2ef8d07d4a00c8a45917a60ff2a839e478498cc9adbe17d6ef69557","abstract_canon_sha256":"48a1bd2552e1c87f75f851fdcae5c65476f340cfb1a3315f6b77df1af65fcd86"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d44638045f1c00f39a2be65fc1bf40d03428160960a8312129fbfd8103b79175","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2503.17744","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.17744","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.17744v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.17744","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7DQAP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"35260ae2f2ef8d07d4a00c8a45917a60ff2a839e478498cc9adbe17d6ef69557","abstract_canon_sha256":"48a1bd2552e1c87f75f851fdcae5c65476f340cfb1a3315f6b77df1af65fcd86"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d44638045f1c00f39a2be65fc1bf40d03428160960a8312129fbfd8103b79175","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956915Z","signature_b64":"cxwSyX+0HPPFl9kHkSd05rTWHsRqieS9UJpTQwib7tiN+qbI4kNyyuBTcbIi9K5f8l6sUx9kp32iT5XiZeuWBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d44638045f1c00f39a2be65fc1bf40d03428160960a8312129fbfd8103b79175","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956425Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956425Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2503.17744","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PiRX/G0ax8qLJKBm2SJjgzGIEeGLJoYrX6dJq4CUq6HQaF8vpxA7rd2ieltBlOKNPzPwGxNf06kWme87/lMTBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:56:16.545276Z"},"content_sha256":"464a9b12b689df0e71766e794bcc826c68841547a64a88e12a48f913cf3fcf0d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:464a9b12b689df0e71766e794bcc826c68841547a64a88e12a48f913cf3fcf0d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Free-Space Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Cheng-Lin Li, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Cong Jiang, Fei Zhou, Hao-Bin Fu, Hao Li, Jian-Wei Pan, Jian-Yu Guan, Ji-Gang Ren, Jin Lin, Jiu-Peng Chen, Juan Yin, Lixing You, Min-Yan Wang, Qiang Zhang, Qi Shen, Sheng-Kai Liao, Ting Zeng, Xiang-Bin Wang, Xin-Yang Zheng, Yang Li, Yuan Cao, Yu-Huai Li, Zeng-Sen Lin, Zhen Wang","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) elevates the secure key rate from a linear to a square-root dependence on channel loss while preserving measurement-device-independent security. This protocol is uniquely positioned to enable global-scale quantum networks, even under extreme channel loss. While fiber-based TF-QKD implementations have advanced rapidly since its proposal, free-space realizations have remained elusive due to atmospheric turbulence-induced phase distortions. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of free-space TF-QKD over 14.2 km urban atmospheric channels"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2503.17744/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"m3xE1ycFV7BebnZp6meFAjq9QsonDmudzVPsXaqUDeoJqJZGmm9Ajl0mUUQilSrkEEwOT5dOkM0C7rml2JrjCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:56:16.545693Z"},"content_sha256":"4ce482896c60d81eecbf5343d7ffe40a4275d00cd74aab86d0e91faa946b9877","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4ce482896c60d81eecbf5343d7ffe40a4275d00cd74aab86d0e91faa946b9877"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T15:56:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL4ZP4DP2A2A","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48a1bd2552e1c87f75f851fdcae5c65476f340cfb1a3315f6b77df1af65fcd86","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"35260ae2f2ef8d07d4a00c8a45917a60ff2a839e478498cc9adbe17d6ef69557"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.17744","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.17744v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.17744","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7DQAP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7DQAPHGRL","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2RDDQBC7","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4ce482896c60d81eecbf5343d7ffe40a4275d00cd74aab86d0e91faa946b9877","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2503.17744/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) elevates the secure key rate from a linear to a square-root dependence on channel loss while preserving measurement-device-independent security. This protocol is uniquely positioned to enable global-scale quantum networks, even under extreme channel loss. While fiber-based TF-QKD implementations have advanced rapidly since its proposal, free-space realizations have remained elusive due to atmospheric turbulence-induced phase distortions. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of free-space TF-QKD over 14.2 km urban atmospheric channels","authors_text":"Cheng-Lin Li, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Cong Jiang, Fei Zhou, Hao-Bin Fu, Hao Li, Jian-Wei Pan, Jian-Yu Guan, Ji-Gang Ren, Jin Lin, Jiu-Peng Chen, Juan Yin, Lixing You, Min-Yan Wang, Qiang Zhang, Qi Shen, Sheng-Kai Liao, Ting Zeng, Xiang-Bin Wang, Xin-Yang Zheng, Yang Li, Yuan Cao, Yu-Huai Li, Zeng-Sen Lin, Zhen Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","title":"Free-Space Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:464a9b12b689df0e71766e794bcc826c68841547a64a88e12a48f913cf3fcf0d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48a1bd2552e1c87f75f851fdcae5c65476f340cfb1a3315f6b77df1af65fcd86","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-22T12:05:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"35260ae2f2ef8d07d4a00c8a45917a60ff2a839e478498cc9adbe17d6ef69557"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.17744","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d44638045f1c00f39a2be65fc1bf40d03428160960a8312129fbfd8103b79175","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d44638045f1c00f39a2be65fc1bf40d03428160960a8312129fbfd8103b79175","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956425Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956425Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cxwSyX+0HPPFl9kHkSd05rTWHsRqieS9UJpTQwib7tiN+qbI4kNyyuBTcbIi9K5f8l6sUx9kp32iT5XiZeuWBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:37:53.956915Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2503.17744","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:464a9b12b689df0e71766e794bcc826c68841547a64a88e12a48f913cf3fcf0d","sha256:4ce482896c60d81eecbf5343d7ffe40a4275d00cd74aab86d0e91faa946b9877"],"state_sha256":"1979c51c354784960da819cc5879f3670e61f461a2fa51a7da43ad23596cd945"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"k7mzcEEBCbPrbwT0miv6BqjlYlVb7WuUFfedRSkDmWwrCk94L/XDYLVmd8+Wcyy2LIfHOVkyWr5vAVppqCePDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:56:16.548449Z","bundle_sha256":"59def153e04a824d22ee0d4ec0f71cd8485ae74021921f298c3c472031a44138"}}