{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN","short_pith_number":"pith:2UGKCU5G","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"d5e4b39bd91650cd8eb813595167cbcdcabcb41df72d378703032433055a1482","abstract_canon_sha256":"6beb2cf5f6ba3d4c938eac3c3ff5b2a30ba78810e991c86075b5104e166eceb1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d50ca153a6609e09c4c6022e7f454a33708434bd57bfe79969f951382a955691","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1706.05442","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1706.05442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1706.05442v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1706.05442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2UGKCU5GMCPA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2UGKCU5GMCPATRGG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2UGKCU5G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"d5e4b39bd91650cd8eb813595167cbcdcabcb41df72d378703032433055a1482","abstract_canon_sha256":"6beb2cf5f6ba3d4c938eac3c3ff5b2a30ba78810e991c86075b5104e166eceb1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d50ca153a6609e09c4c6022e7f454a33708434bd57bfe79969f951382a955691","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.619201Z","signature_b64":"jaoY8dRuzMn2THBE/Rs1eICa5aUMcy4j3gr0f9I5poCrfMFp/8CIJczL4wS0C8mhfsmnwwiavIYNrmfys4HXBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d50ca153a6609e09c4c6022e7f454a33708434bd57bfe79969f951382a955691","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.618516Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.618516Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1706.05442","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CsQkGMk70KayW8C/41cuR0xnNls9Qy6YYZIXE0tOHyTBQNVASgpDKkKXog7owNnshOkZ2MtPMHSfqRmiQhcAAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T16:21:11.178478Z"},"content_sha256":"0ceb803d7eee3a258ebbd6a557d6ad90ee914eff890092d63eaff496d3321e3e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0ceb803d7eee3a258ebbd6a557d6ad90ee914eff890092d63eaff496d3321e3e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Probabilistic Jamming/Eavesdropping Attacks to Confuse a Buffer-Aided Transmitter-Receiver Pair","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Ahmed El Shafie, Kamel Tourki, Naofal Al-Dhahir, Zhiguo Ding","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"We assume that a buffer-aided transmitter communicates with a receiving node in the presence of an attacker. We investigate the impact of a radio-frequency energy-harvesting attacker that probabilistically operates as a jammer or an eavesdropper. We show that even without the need for an external energy source, the attacker can still degrade the security of the legitimate system. We show that the random data arrival behavior at the transmitter and the channel randomness of the legitimate link can improve the system's security. Moreover, we design a jamming scheme for the attacker and investiga"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4zkhiflVJtQqyldS0sx9cummaD8JVgTuf2qJtmXDGllSA1mydTxT68MT9VwhmIHH4wokbID9DrUyT70KPS9LDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T16:21:11.178829Z"},"content_sha256":"db38394fd08d695fd00afd6fc2af5a29b91fa0845ad0c5b036ee3d80c9b5f505","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db38394fd08d695fd00afd6fc2af5a29b91fa0845ad0c5b036ee3d80c9b5f505"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-23T16:21:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:2UGKCU5GMCPATRGGAIXH6RKKGN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6beb2cf5f6ba3d4c938eac3c3ff5b2a30ba78810e991c86075b5104e166eceb1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"d5e4b39bd91650cd8eb813595167cbcdcabcb41df72d378703032433055a1482"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1706.05442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1706.05442v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1706.05442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2UGKCU5GMCPA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2UGKCU5GMCPATRGG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2UGKCU5G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:db38394fd08d695fd00afd6fc2af5a29b91fa0845ad0c5b036ee3d80c9b5f505","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We assume that a buffer-aided transmitter communicates with a receiving node in the presence of an attacker. We investigate the impact of a radio-frequency energy-harvesting attacker that probabilistically operates as a jammer or an eavesdropper. We show that even without the need for an external energy source, the attacker can still degrade the security of the legitimate system. We show that the random data arrival behavior at the transmitter and the channel randomness of the legitimate link can improve the system's security. Moreover, we design a jamming scheme for the attacker and investiga","authors_text":"Ahmed El Shafie, Kamel Tourki, Naofal Al-Dhahir, Zhiguo Ding","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","title":"Probabilistic Jamming/Eavesdropping Attacks to Confuse a Buffer-Aided Transmitter-Receiver Pair"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0ceb803d7eee3a258ebbd6a557d6ad90ee914eff890092d63eaff496d3321e3e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6beb2cf5f6ba3d4c938eac3c3ff5b2a30ba78810e991c86075b5104e166eceb1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-06-16T22:13:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"d5e4b39bd91650cd8eb813595167cbcdcabcb41df72d378703032433055a1482"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1706.05442","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d50ca153a6609e09c4c6022e7f454a33708434bd57bfe79969f951382a955691","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d50ca153a6609e09c4c6022e7f454a33708434bd57bfe79969f951382a955691","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.618516Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.618516Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jaoY8dRuzMn2THBE/Rs1eICa5aUMcy4j3gr0f9I5poCrfMFp/8CIJczL4wS0C8mhfsmnwwiavIYNrmfys4HXBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:11.619201Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1706.05442","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0ceb803d7eee3a258ebbd6a557d6ad90ee914eff890092d63eaff496d3321e3e","sha256:db38394fd08d695fd00afd6fc2af5a29b91fa0845ad0c5b036ee3d80c9b5f505"],"state_sha256":"82c80e4b5546ac8e39e66a8d990616ecf0c6489635935004c4883d840645bf4e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aMa0vP2WGoGAZ27mSmox5Pxv6zzWFLlhGMtxcg+koB4UpfVXp1NZpWrg1A1f7ztyOWWqDcCMwq1jhAzPLKHXAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T16:21:11.180788Z","bundle_sha256":"505f29286604a0d22e41e6da9d1bd9c06fada1ea4a400671ca0c0759437bd446"}}