{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR","short_pith_number":"pith:35UY6VCK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"d729cb651e35edbed2479b9c9067ba99b2e0551b466aee80b65db7eaf6fdae18","abstract_canon_sha256":"a3e505bbe9935f13fd5e2e1687c983af6a4186329ee404b0361e902771dc5ada"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df698f544a6934fa0b8afe2bf82eb90c47f790d62fb7a73d210660fa2f203717","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1507.03518","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1507.03518","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1507.03518v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1507.03518","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"35UY6VCKNE2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"35UY6VCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"d729cb651e35edbed2479b9c9067ba99b2e0551b466aee80b65db7eaf6fdae18","abstract_canon_sha256":"a3e505bbe9935f13fd5e2e1687c983af6a4186329ee404b0361e902771dc5ada"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df698f544a6934fa0b8afe2bf82eb90c47f790d62fb7a73d210660fa2f203717","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.198336Z","signature_b64":"ySBzZAqwVfvDpX3w+irVhRSz/zX/tumkhPnF/XaMVfTwmBe+Bv/SaETixK7xLkB8CPjnzd/NSJaIpSU96iZ6DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"df698f544a6934fa0b8afe2bf82eb90c47f790d62fb7a73d210660fa2f203717","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.197616Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.197616Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1507.03518","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5nLFrjRTcsVDI5RLH8VrR9xq6O25C0qLwWJrWviPpv/glmMV1qXLb3G5P0QW7NK3gkw+Lw5b0lN6qbPy1ohSDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T00:04:50.454429Z"},"content_sha256":"ace3b7935c5c44e3aa293cec57606e318506f9ef02ab10b4685075177846f645","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ace3b7935c5c44e3aa293cec57606e318506f9ef02ab10b4685075177846f645"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Adverse Events in Robotic Surgery: A Retrospective Study of 14 Years of FDA Data","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.RO","authors_text":"Homa Alemzadeh, Jaishankar Raman, Nancy Leveson, Ravishankar K. Iyer, Zbigniew Kalbarczyk","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"Understanding the causes and patient impacts of surgical adverse events will help improve systems and operational practices to avoid incidents in the future. We analyzed the adverse events data related to robotic systems and instruments used in minimally invasive surgery, reported to the U.S. FDA MAUDE database from January 2000 to December 2013. We determined the number of events reported per procedure and per surgical specialty, the most common types of device malfunctions and their impact on patients, and the causes for catastrophic events such as major complications, patient injuries, and "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZpfAZuDjs13WcBB56GmHYQ+kBK7HX1C/8NHF5qLXo6R/z5yb3wjAfxzuMpUjAGjBD7KkW3KPkehp+7ifYf21Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T00:04:50.455176Z"},"content_sha256":"420c2c6b19d193ed804ff4aba1baf1c914e9775daf3e392916bf13f52b06aa6a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:420c2c6b19d193ed804ff4aba1baf1c914e9775daf3e392916bf13f52b06aa6a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T00:04:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K7YV7QLVZBR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a3e505bbe9935f13fd5e2e1687c983af6a4186329ee404b0361e902771dc5ada","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"d729cb651e35edbed2479b9c9067ba99b2e0551b466aee80b65db7eaf6fdae18"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1507.03518","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1507.03518v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1507.03518","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"35UY6VCKNE2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"35UY6VCKNE2PUC4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"35UY6VCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:420c2c6b19d193ed804ff4aba1baf1c914e9775daf3e392916bf13f52b06aa6a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Understanding the causes and patient impacts of surgical adverse events will help improve systems and operational practices to avoid incidents in the future. We analyzed the adverse events data related to robotic systems and instruments used in minimally invasive surgery, reported to the U.S. FDA MAUDE database from January 2000 to December 2013. We determined the number of events reported per procedure and per surgical specialty, the most common types of device malfunctions and their impact on patients, and the causes for catastrophic events such as major complications, patient injuries, and ","authors_text":"Homa Alemzadeh, Jaishankar Raman, Nancy Leveson, Ravishankar K. Iyer, Zbigniew Kalbarczyk","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","title":"Adverse Events in Robotic Surgery: A Retrospective Study of 14 Years of FDA Data"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ace3b7935c5c44e3aa293cec57606e318506f9ef02ab10b4685075177846f645","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a3e505bbe9935f13fd5e2e1687c983af6a4186329ee404b0361e902771dc5ada","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2015-07-13T19:41:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"d729cb651e35edbed2479b9c9067ba99b2e0551b466aee80b65db7eaf6fdae18"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1507.03518","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"df698f544a6934fa0b8afe2bf82eb90c47f790d62fb7a73d210660fa2f203717","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"df698f544a6934fa0b8afe2bf82eb90c47f790d62fb7a73d210660fa2f203717","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.197616Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.197616Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ySBzZAqwVfvDpX3w+irVhRSz/zX/tumkhPnF/XaMVfTwmBe+Bv/SaETixK7xLkB8CPjnzd/NSJaIpSU96iZ6DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:56:38.198336Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1507.03518","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ace3b7935c5c44e3aa293cec57606e318506f9ef02ab10b4685075177846f645","sha256:420c2c6b19d193ed804ff4aba1baf1c914e9775daf3e392916bf13f52b06aa6a"],"state_sha256":"101c8476aad572209c791015b407ec9193774e3e964ae0d3654effeda132054c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wx444DBtnlFFnEIA6T+ewrkGPkb66pMTK+FB5Ou6wfKOWxfIlLwWrzz23LM+8SWkBAGSsDa98ATGYZC53E6LAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T00:04:50.459456Z","bundle_sha256":"e1c2f34200ba1aad76b033ae60ce4013bf08a4d7cde8d7c3f2c51573b88d8f3c"}}