{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ","short_pith_number":"pith:3V4RKTMW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2760060b0d5ae53287d5c6887f8c01537a5136c06776c7b57a0fae560cea405d","abstract_canon_sha256":"6b2ed810dbf10a20ce99177e721bd0846b0f3256034c5d906e9822df5659b7b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dd79154d96e7e275158b5644ffa0ad6c1fe25f80ec28c626818f3bef46a1e11a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9806317","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9806317","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9806317v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9806317","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW47RH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW47RHKFML","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2760060b0d5ae53287d5c6887f8c01537a5136c06776c7b57a0fae560cea405d","abstract_canon_sha256":"6b2ed810dbf10a20ce99177e721bd0846b0f3256034c5d906e9822df5659b7b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dd79154d96e7e275158b5644ffa0ad6c1fe25f80ec28c626818f3bef46a1e11a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.039555Z","signature_b64":"cco5KokSW9GXbmuZEZo3PezMVBcVMGtIw3NWW/1wNqjNXvIWKB7jlIJrgCJ413t8p3rbaoCCy/Atgx89WC3HDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dd79154d96e7e275158b5644ffa0ad6c1fe25f80ec28c626818f3bef46a1e11a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.038966Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.038966Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9806317","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2/eAxLHB+SkyTDU+jTsFx7BVvBj0vlvt61EmkgPFkdzUyRgLIp6JyAd7Ttl7hO7qBRHJCl1+RD8Nnha2Hpd4DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:38:02.500632Z"},"content_sha256":"91342875209ed932828f049d7f0e770b72b7986af1654316dc779bd3bf85c471","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91342875209ed932828f049d7f0e770b72b7986af1654316dc779bd3bf85c471"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dusty star forming galaxies at high redshift","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"A.J. Barger, D.B. Sanders, E. Fulton, H. Okuda, K. Kawara, L.L. Cowie, Y. Sato, Y. Taniguchi","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The global star formation rate in high redshift galaxies, based on optical surveys, shows a strong peak at a redshift of z=1.5, which implies that we have already seen most of the formation. High redshift galaxies may, however, emit most of their energy at submillimeter wavelengths if they contain substantial amounts of dust. The dust would absorb the starlight and reradiate it as far-infrared light, which would be redshifted to the submillimeter range. Here we report a deep survey of two blank regions of sky performed at submillimeter wavelengths (450 and 850-micron). If the sources we detect"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0fTKuAOuYrAYGxuHmsgJCkQuslMLQIaKwTpt+Pmdt3J8QCVrwYZbxnphWqkQpYVL8QEZdrHc/FmyrYiGC0g0DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:38:02.500972Z"},"content_sha256":"6961913698c4c77a89f656c8b4c3e86ff8425ae58fad1c10faa77be27c2b2dc4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6961913698c4c77a89f656c8b4c3e86ff8425ae58fad1c10faa77be27c2b2dc4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T09:38:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:3V4RKTMW47RHKFMLKZCP7IFNNQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6b2ed810dbf10a20ce99177e721bd0846b0f3256034c5d906e9822df5659b7b4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"2760060b0d5ae53287d5c6887f8c01537a5136c06776c7b57a0fae560cea405d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9806317","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9806317v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9806317","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW47RH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW47RHKFML","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3V4RKTMW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6961913698c4c77a89f656c8b4c3e86ff8425ae58fad1c10faa77be27c2b2dc4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The global star formation rate in high redshift galaxies, based on optical surveys, shows a strong peak at a redshift of z=1.5, which implies that we have already seen most of the formation. High redshift galaxies may, however, emit most of their energy at submillimeter wavelengths if they contain substantial amounts of dust. The dust would absorb the starlight and reradiate it as far-infrared light, which would be redshifted to the submillimeter range. Here we report a deep survey of two blank regions of sky performed at submillimeter wavelengths (450 and 850-micron). If the sources we detect","authors_text":"A.J. Barger, D.B. Sanders, E. Fulton, H. Okuda, K. Kawara, L.L. Cowie, Y. Sato, Y. Taniguchi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","title":"Dusty star forming galaxies at high redshift"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:91342875209ed932828f049d7f0e770b72b7986af1654316dc779bd3bf85c471","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6b2ed810dbf10a20ce99177e721bd0846b0f3256034c5d906e9822df5659b7b4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-06-24T01:09:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"2760060b0d5ae53287d5c6887f8c01537a5136c06776c7b57a0fae560cea405d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9806317","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"dd79154d96e7e275158b5644ffa0ad6c1fe25f80ec28c626818f3bef46a1e11a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dd79154d96e7e275158b5644ffa0ad6c1fe25f80ec28c626818f3bef46a1e11a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.038966Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.038966Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cco5KokSW9GXbmuZEZo3PezMVBcVMGtIw3NWW/1wNqjNXvIWKB7jlIJrgCJ413t8p3rbaoCCy/Atgx89WC3HDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:14.039555Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9806317","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:91342875209ed932828f049d7f0e770b72b7986af1654316dc779bd3bf85c471","sha256:6961913698c4c77a89f656c8b4c3e86ff8425ae58fad1c10faa77be27c2b2dc4"],"state_sha256":"bda1e24f0946e004a5fcef54eebd5e91f1ce8dec2cc20463a9bb35a730fb9e65"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CkgIk2jRZ97QPLeVSrZ7VSeyXDU3z8H+8lr87gHbw0+YReAVGD/4hwNbSQ4W4dgxMt0mdzO14SGTYa3a16Y6BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:38:02.502884Z","bundle_sha256":"6a0c49baaa28bc33fb2a56d4638f61ab8fe13c80bcdfe2d3516a7470b869dff4"}}