{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W","short_pith_number":"pith:55GY4TEN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"696c35386679d5b6f1b04adcf9cf8783f4f2692820e7b0a03fc2049cf0711a08","abstract_canon_sha256":"4743cc36d34249286b3e299e9a77b3a74bdb0d7ca29ccf8914055cdc8e271ccc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ef4d8e4c8df2aec0cc1a59af32f577f59138e5ac8c846616fa5374496e6dbc0c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.14942","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.14942","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.14942v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.14942","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"55GY4TEN6KXM","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"55GY4TEN","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"696c35386679d5b6f1b04adcf9cf8783f4f2692820e7b0a03fc2049cf0711a08","abstract_canon_sha256":"4743cc36d34249286b3e299e9a77b3a74bdb0d7ca29ccf8914055cdc8e271ccc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ef4d8e4c8df2aec0cc1a59af32f577f59138e5ac8c846616fa5374496e6dbc0c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.314454Z","signature_b64":"dt3MfzuqmoDbQQLJUysDmHytydjJCU3uj9qnMsHlwVizbqgg4dg/EHK5SvRa3dr51ACdhkBuFzGvpgHsMfIjAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ef4d8e4c8df2aec0cc1a59af32f577f59138e5ac8c846616fa5374496e6dbc0c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.313983Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.313983Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.14942","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gB0Ir8gIn4BryLcFUe6Vfl2xULEIp0itahoHrM+URvmOxSe+beZxn+7DHkB+qdDociFYE0k39+aGJtAW2fAIBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T06:28:02.404632Z"},"content_sha256":"23807c5a2e2ef14a7573eade4f5f88d9251b9e58f56b37b7a60b4334fb8e3a4e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:23807c5a2e2ef14a7573eade4f5f88d9251b9e58f56b37b7a60b4334fb8e3a4e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Manipulating Recommender Systems: A Survey of Poisoning Attacks and Countermeasures","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Hongzhi Yin, Matthias Weidlich, Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Thi Nguyen, Thanh Toan Nguyen, Thanh Trung Huynh","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recommender systems have become an integral part of online services to help users locate specific information in a sea of data. However, existing studies show that some recommender systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks, particularly those that involve learning schemes. A poisoning attack is where an adversary injects carefully crafted data into the process of training a model, with the goal of manipulating the system's final recommendations. Based on recent advancements in artificial intelligence, such attacks have gained importance recently. While numerous countermeasures to poisoning a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.14942/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"icxv7iKp8fE3Fk6ea2YLs8p2K9YuAu4njy2G8sYlwpdqByIeWh2aX1CrDZPt1GqS7lbYUiLOVZxRyctBRMJsDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T06:28:02.405032Z"},"content_sha256":"89f093f0170e03ace9e1bc891193d40e93392ca76d0ec44596caf1ebdf74965f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:89f093f0170e03ace9e1bc891193d40e93392ca76d0ec44596caf1ebdf74965f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-20T06:28:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2LGXTF5LX6W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4743cc36d34249286b3e299e9a77b3a74bdb0d7ca29ccf8914055cdc8e271ccc","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"696c35386679d5b6f1b04adcf9cf8783f4f2692820e7b0a03fc2049cf0711a08"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.14942","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.14942v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.14942","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"55GY4TEN6KXM","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"55GY4TEN6KXMBTA2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"55GY4TEN","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:89f093f0170e03ace9e1bc891193d40e93392ca76d0ec44596caf1ebdf74965f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.14942/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recommender systems have become an integral part of online services to help users locate specific information in a sea of data. However, existing studies show that some recommender systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks, particularly those that involve learning schemes. A poisoning attack is where an adversary injects carefully crafted data into the process of training a model, with the goal of manipulating the system's final recommendations. Based on recent advancements in artificial intelligence, such attacks have gained importance recently. While numerous countermeasures to poisoning a","authors_text":"Hongzhi Yin, Matthias Weidlich, Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Thi Nguyen, Thanh Toan Nguyen, Thanh Trung Huynh","cross_cats":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","title":"Manipulating Recommender Systems: A Survey of Poisoning Attacks and Countermeasures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:23807c5a2e2ef14a7573eade4f5f88d9251b9e58f56b37b7a60b4334fb8e3a4e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4743cc36d34249286b3e299e9a77b3a74bdb0d7ca29ccf8914055cdc8e271ccc","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-04-23T11:36:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"696c35386679d5b6f1b04adcf9cf8783f4f2692820e7b0a03fc2049cf0711a08"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.14942","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ef4d8e4c8df2aec0cc1a59af32f577f59138e5ac8c846616fa5374496e6dbc0c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ef4d8e4c8df2aec0cc1a59af32f577f59138e5ac8c846616fa5374496e6dbc0c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.313983Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.313983Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dt3MfzuqmoDbQQLJUysDmHytydjJCU3uj9qnMsHlwVizbqgg4dg/EHK5SvRa3dr51ACdhkBuFzGvpgHsMfIjAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:11:12.314454Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.14942","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:23807c5a2e2ef14a7573eade4f5f88d9251b9e58f56b37b7a60b4334fb8e3a4e","sha256:89f093f0170e03ace9e1bc891193d40e93392ca76d0ec44596caf1ebdf74965f"],"state_sha256":"8f53282c190c0d651f64ea34598ad3ae8f42186dd57b9c49bfb5de5236267dd3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yRtqEDFx/obs8IVpgkzQxXnzniVyeEFglJuvWJB0chEKwOjpgLp7J5vzOEyiW4gOllKogMY/OJcjZrbQVEFSCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T06:28:02.407359Z","bundle_sha256":"9dc52680f0b5ac04a5af9b44f481507665c89cbef28ed1c79fb2b46d966e0369"}}