{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO","short_pith_number":"pith:5F3ECAJC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"92676b2666e11d77fe037195320cb4aa6af2be78435975be192bd03844ca335e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e627b7a90641d6fc50ba30d6025078abbaa9145c98c39517c921fdad89668743"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e976410122e1907861f81967bce7b00b8ab6d5c6c15784a932691635b515cd4b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1402.0126","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.0126","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.0126v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.0126","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC4GIH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"92676b2666e11d77fe037195320cb4aa6af2be78435975be192bd03844ca335e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e627b7a90641d6fc50ba30d6025078abbaa9145c98c39517c921fdad89668743"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e976410122e1907861f81967bce7b00b8ab6d5c6c15784a932691635b515cd4b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.593000Z","signature_b64":"DLjQBLOvZKXGJ9zIVdClKC5a4PP90oDFbpoJVkVdWDNv3izd+hAiWy/xCydKfl2T/UjgfBtqP4sC6BiT7mUaAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e976410122e1907861f81967bce7b00b8ab6d5c6c15784a932691635b515cd4b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.592553Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.592553Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1402.0126","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SLlpMw0Cs2eAVmxaJMstfHgDyVuuvSsPQXyFHJkg2Po+UYmCkPXRmRi8rAzDIJ6zMMZFtYmUO1+e2xhyO4I+CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T01:08:53.881212Z"},"content_sha256":"c1d0e4365148a8e35f489a4d9d0ca9595d0ca2103bd07d5a2443894dbe71ff97","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c1d0e4365148a8e35f489a4d9d0ca9595d0ca2103bd07d5a2443894dbe71ff97"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Kantian fractionalization predicts the conflict propensity of the international system","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Elizabeth J. Menninga, Peter J. Mucha, Skyler J. Cranmer","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"The study of complex social and political phenomena with the perspective and methods of network science has proven fruitful in a variety of areas, including applications in political science and more narrowly the field of international relations. We propose a new line of research in the study of international conflict by showing that the multiplex fractionalization of the international system (which we label Kantian fractionalization) is a powerful predictor of the propensity for violent interstate conflict, a key indicator of the system's stability. In so doing, we also demonstrate the first "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J4n2RtUIt4rioPsjzDtm82Oq51uFZTrx0cNER0uXfXBkU5NvHex4IdlDV7DxpULw1IwWO2XIFE8FcmcAk5OEAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T01:08:53.881580Z"},"content_sha256":"78ae8b6b044d6bea54bce6e773185bc8d8ed508f478d6590124fc8caa7562d7a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:78ae8b6b044d6bea54bce6e773185bc8d8ed508f478d6590124fc8caa7562d7a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-23T01:08:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPYDFT3ZZ5QBO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e627b7a90641d6fc50ba30d6025078abbaa9145c98c39517c921fdad89668743","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"92676b2666e11d77fe037195320cb4aa6af2be78435975be192bd03844ca335e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.0126","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.0126v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.0126","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC4GIH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC4GIHQYPY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5F3ECAJC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:78ae8b6b044d6bea54bce6e773185bc8d8ed508f478d6590124fc8caa7562d7a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The study of complex social and political phenomena with the perspective and methods of network science has proven fruitful in a variety of areas, including applications in political science and more narrowly the field of international relations. We propose a new line of research in the study of international conflict by showing that the multiplex fractionalization of the international system (which we label Kantian fractionalization) is a powerful predictor of the propensity for violent interstate conflict, a key indicator of the system's stability. In so doing, we also demonstrate the first ","authors_text":"Elizabeth J. Menninga, Peter J. Mucha, Skyler J. Cranmer","cross_cats":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","title":"Kantian fractionalization predicts the conflict propensity of the international system"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c1d0e4365148a8e35f489a4d9d0ca9595d0ca2103bd07d5a2443894dbe71ff97","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e627b7a90641d6fc50ba30d6025078abbaa9145c98c39517c921fdad89668743","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI","physics.data-an"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-01T21:29:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"92676b2666e11d77fe037195320cb4aa6af2be78435975be192bd03844ca335e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.0126","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e976410122e1907861f81967bce7b00b8ab6d5c6c15784a932691635b515cd4b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e976410122e1907861f81967bce7b00b8ab6d5c6c15784a932691635b515cd4b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.592553Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.592553Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"DLjQBLOvZKXGJ9zIVdClKC5a4PP90oDFbpoJVkVdWDNv3izd+hAiWy/xCydKfl2T/UjgfBtqP4sC6BiT7mUaAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:47.593000Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1402.0126","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c1d0e4365148a8e35f489a4d9d0ca9595d0ca2103bd07d5a2443894dbe71ff97","sha256:78ae8b6b044d6bea54bce6e773185bc8d8ed508f478d6590124fc8caa7562d7a"],"state_sha256":"53891380eb5748d801418b8685463580fdaadc8645ab454cc04e9817bc852476"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A1JSu54fW88xFonBYaynFxiLQEKG2jszHXgVE8dRtdazJ1ebzSZkyxffDigbHwQ9tNltCiIS7dwssOy/TbSiDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T01:08:53.883597Z","bundle_sha256":"39054cdcf94a04c6241adcc632fd39a3451cd3975cd4ec7b37fa5292b4599b59"}}