{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2017:5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ","short_pith_number":"pith:5U4NBD3H","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"ed38d08f670100a3f62752e21cec2e9c153d75c320c2e3aed6c329fef22e2635","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.06477","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Proving uniformity and independence by self-composition and coupling","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LO"],"primary_cat":"cs.PL","authors_text":"Benjamin Gr\\'egoire, Gilles Barthe, Justin Hsu, Pierre-Yves Strub, Thomas Espitau","submitted_at":"2017-01-23T16:23:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Proof by coupling is a classical proof technique for establishing probabilistic properties of two probabilistic processes, like stochastic dominance and rapid mixing of Markov chains. More recently, couplings have been investigated as a useful abstraction for formal reasoning about relational properties of probabilistic programs, in particular for modeling reduction-based cryptographic proofs and for verifying differential privacy. In this paper, we demonstrate that probabilistic couplings can be used for verifying non-relational probabilistic properties. Specifically, we show that the program"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.06477","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.PL","submitted_at":"2017-01-23T16:23:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LO"],"title_canon_sha256":"4e44d552f3efa5b5439413501d9563c217c94d5191d451c571665d76858285d7","abstract_canon_sha256":"1b5dc95cc63536eaab61428a82f408e0640308dc609ab59939a60aac9b810dcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.276078Z","signature_b64":"f11wtHz8kjGJWChdqktOJ3yd77l8ctLnDpacP6qPo4VahzzOP9bBNUTxnDlRh+fjxKsvjgTaFiNjp3HH0aaGAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ed38d08f670100a3f62752e21cec2e9c153d75c320c2e3aed6c329fef22e2635","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275250Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275250Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Proving uniformity and independence by self-composition and coupling","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LO"],"primary_cat":"cs.PL","authors_text":"Benjamin Gr\\'egoire, Gilles Barthe, Justin Hsu, Pierre-Yves Strub, Thomas Espitau","submitted_at":"2017-01-23T16:23:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Proof by coupling is a classical proof technique for establishing probabilistic properties of two probabilistic processes, like stochastic dominance and rapid mixing of Markov chains. More recently, couplings have been investigated as a useful abstraction for formal reasoning about relational properties of probabilistic programs, in particular for modeling reduction-based cryptographic proofs and for verifying differential privacy. In this paper, we demonstrate that probabilistic couplings can be used for verifying non-relational probabilistic properties. Specifically, we show that the program"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.06477","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.06477","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275419+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.06477v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275419+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.06477","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275419+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5U4NBD3HAEAK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00.734936+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00.734936+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5U4NBD3H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00.734936+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/5U4NBD3H"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/5U4NBD3H","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1701.06477&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/5U4NBD3HAEAKH5RHKLRBZ3BOTQ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275419+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:26.275419+00:00"}