{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW","short_pith_number":"pith:6AU3MRFU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"59bccc32ccf47cff9993e7ed997eb454053e5f7f78fa9d5b5ca14e2a7ea92946","abstract_canon_sha256":"b7cdee65b1ee198d70437be360abff181b0bab250836ecab87e5f7546db3becb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f029b644b4986ac89c78a593229b949d819ddffdeea1e3d38bcaa359e1cc94e4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1602.08517","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.08517","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.08517v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.08517","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6AU3MRFUTBVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6AU3MRFU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"59bccc32ccf47cff9993e7ed997eb454053e5f7f78fa9d5b5ca14e2a7ea92946","abstract_canon_sha256":"b7cdee65b1ee198d70437be360abff181b0bab250836ecab87e5f7546db3becb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f029b644b4986ac89c78a593229b949d819ddffdeea1e3d38bcaa359e1cc94e4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.642080Z","signature_b64":"cUtEkRQjTZdG5+4Ejv/QSAeoPBXwRGfIoFmGOPLQdb84HjS0yss2jQTlkIuU75t4Hb78KtPSkF3FvXzMo90hBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f029b644b4986ac89c78a593229b949d819ddffdeea1e3d38bcaa359e1cc94e4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.641421Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.641421Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1602.08517","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BerhdTT2jWPdBFQlj2vyE95JM8rX+sNHFsyRRtCLLWwuCHbRzpwBnMlRZPz+NcsU068vAKgQOJP1nX50Or4NDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T23:53:18.485022Z"},"content_sha256":"4bc8e2a577e9b23dae28fdf5d2f4b8783d7cbb4ac187235d9a573306c47840d5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4bc8e2a577e9b23dae28fdf5d2f4b8783d7cbb4ac187235d9a573306c47840d5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evaluating Stochastic Methods in Power System Operations with Wind Power","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Audun Botterud, Cong Liu, Yishen Wang, Zhi Zhou","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"Wind power is playing an increasingly important role in electricity markets. However, it's inherent variability and uncertainty cause operational challenges and costs as more operating reserves are needed to maintain system reliability. Several operational strategies have been proposed to address these challenges, including advanced probabilistic wind forecasting techniques, dynamic operating reserves, and various unit commitment (UC) and economic dispatch (ED) strategies under uncertainty. This paper presents a consistent framework to evaluate different operational strategies in power system "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MEFtzaDdrLZQWjkqucwI9u3BclPp1Pyqa1dzCh8MVaz0pxV2dP5w404NccDj42UVNIm7me/QOvWOqHKDNzDoAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T23:53:18.485388Z"},"content_sha256":"8b9c039122f8e100e8c546bec208d520aa171c2e819c20e6e6cbc0ee69560500","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8b9c039122f8e100e8c546bec208d520aa171c2e819c20e6e6cbc0ee69560500"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T23:53:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDYUWJSFG4UTW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b7cdee65b1ee198d70437be360abff181b0bab250836ecab87e5f7546db3becb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"59bccc32ccf47cff9993e7ed997eb454053e5f7f78fa9d5b5ca14e2a7ea92946"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.08517","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.08517v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.08517","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6AU3MRFUTBVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6AU3MRFUTBVMRHDY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6AU3MRFU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8b9c039122f8e100e8c546bec208d520aa171c2e819c20e6e6cbc0ee69560500","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Wind power is playing an increasingly important role in electricity markets. However, it's inherent variability and uncertainty cause operational challenges and costs as more operating reserves are needed to maintain system reliability. Several operational strategies have been proposed to address these challenges, including advanced probabilistic wind forecasting techniques, dynamic operating reserves, and various unit commitment (UC) and economic dispatch (ED) strategies under uncertainty. This paper presents a consistent framework to evaluate different operational strategies in power system ","authors_text":"Audun Botterud, Cong Liu, Yishen Wang, Zhi Zhou","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","title":"Evaluating Stochastic Methods in Power System Operations with Wind Power"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4bc8e2a577e9b23dae28fdf5d2f4b8783d7cbb4ac187235d9a573306c47840d5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b7cdee65b1ee198d70437be360abff181b0bab250836ecab87e5f7546db3becb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-02-26T21:59:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"59bccc32ccf47cff9993e7ed997eb454053e5f7f78fa9d5b5ca14e2a7ea92946"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.08517","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f029b644b4986ac89c78a593229b949d819ddffdeea1e3d38bcaa359e1cc94e4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f029b644b4986ac89c78a593229b949d819ddffdeea1e3d38bcaa359e1cc94e4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.641421Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.641421Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cUtEkRQjTZdG5+4Ejv/QSAeoPBXwRGfIoFmGOPLQdb84HjS0yss2jQTlkIuU75t4Hb78KtPSkF3FvXzMo90hBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:52.642080Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1602.08517","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4bc8e2a577e9b23dae28fdf5d2f4b8783d7cbb4ac187235d9a573306c47840d5","sha256:8b9c039122f8e100e8c546bec208d520aa171c2e819c20e6e6cbc0ee69560500"],"state_sha256":"09acd0371d298b90a835f59ff433399d67d3dd664e5ddc89ad39585570df0410"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"172bR0Fr4bEpmlSio0nxUDk3ah5dpFrdB79SgcXi7l4CxTx2gm0/KwxrzPnHOa1jbwETZ9AcLAgYxVWX5W3SBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T23:53:18.487906Z","bundle_sha256":"0054c41f866eb86016d77f68cc6b9437ca805a61748a1a62a972a8e9a99c5471"}}