{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O","short_pith_number":"pith:7DBEK4MM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8aa5f8d0d3472a9ac03033d571abc92c3c893af048217afc3a5eec16a7c5328d","abstract_canon_sha256":"009a28b35d01ed5f9a4349ffe7c89424e652bc6b67796ee9bd564d7f20224edc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f8c245718cf30f9435f60df163a4a9d399e3bc31e94d1a18866a7afbba9264ce","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1105.1232","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1105.1232","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1105.1232v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1105.1232","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM6MHZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM6MHZINPW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8aa5f8d0d3472a9ac03033d571abc92c3c893af048217afc3a5eec16a7c5328d","abstract_canon_sha256":"009a28b35d01ed5f9a4349ffe7c89424e652bc6b67796ee9bd564d7f20224edc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f8c245718cf30f9435f60df163a4a9d399e3bc31e94d1a18866a7afbba9264ce","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.358284Z","signature_b64":"M/Q9moIKW2vIWVy2eeW42fS3rJXllkF9RuFw4tmt2zONz70nzl6W/PMLf1x7jRhPYz0mqplgTrwrgrGUdtzkCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f8c245718cf30f9435f60df163a4a9d399e3bc31e94d1a18866a7afbba9264ce","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.357187Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.357187Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1105.1232","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PPunf2JuU8AHLG7hoNvEicTlje+fFK/cO9Ec5xnLLgozJpp4X7W2ICvJ6R6v6NCtoF9fCliS7vr0VHIU1i2qAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T04:08:26.571692Z"},"content_sha256":"426b31da7bc8ac29a7cb8eeea1a335f07f93d024ad39c2be10f64c711e3db32c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:426b31da7bc8ac29a7cb8eeea1a335f07f93d024ad39c2be10f64c711e3db32c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the \"Security analysis and improvements of arbitrated quantum signature schemes\"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Song-Kong Chong, Tzonelih Hwang, Yi-Ping Luo","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recently, Zou et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 042325 (2010)] pointed out that two arbitrated quantum signature (AQS) schemes are not secure, because an arbitrator cannot arbitrate the dispute between two users when a receiver repudiates the integrity of a signature. By using a public board, they try to propose two AQS schemes to solve the problem. This work shows that the same security problem may exist in their schemes and also a malicious party can reveal the other party's secret key without being detected by using the Trojan-horse attacks. Accordingly, two basic properties of a quantum signature, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jvwZH9CHDLgc66LQ+B+8gAusvsilERIXqKfYFukyaqWMBsg4RyZsJiK0uZ7ovrqfpGzNI1+Jdlr2ak7Dp3tmBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T04:08:26.572028Z"},"content_sha256":"bf7877de00e9663942c208314a85a1f27820ff1fdbcfe62303a6cb38d6f66d59","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf7877de00e9663942c208314a85a1f27820ff1fdbcfe62303a6cb38d6f66d59"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T04:08:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:7DBEK4MM6MHZINPWBXYWHJFJ2O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"009a28b35d01ed5f9a4349ffe7c89424e652bc6b67796ee9bd564d7f20224edc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"8aa5f8d0d3472a9ac03033d571abc92c3c893af048217afc3a5eec16a7c5328d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1105.1232","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1105.1232v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1105.1232","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM6MHZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM6MHZINPW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7DBEK4MM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bf7877de00e9663942c208314a85a1f27820ff1fdbcfe62303a6cb38d6f66d59","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recently, Zou et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 042325 (2010)] pointed out that two arbitrated quantum signature (AQS) schemes are not secure, because an arbitrator cannot arbitrate the dispute between two users when a receiver repudiates the integrity of a signature. By using a public board, they try to propose two AQS schemes to solve the problem. This work shows that the same security problem may exist in their schemes and also a malicious party can reveal the other party's secret key without being detected by using the Trojan-horse attacks. Accordingly, two basic properties of a quantum signature, ","authors_text":"Song-Kong Chong, Tzonelih Hwang, Yi-Ping Luo","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","title":"On the \"Security analysis and improvements of arbitrated quantum signature schemes\""},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:426b31da7bc8ac29a7cb8eeea1a335f07f93d024ad39c2be10f64c711e3db32c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"009a28b35d01ed5f9a4349ffe7c89424e652bc6b67796ee9bd564d7f20224edc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2011-05-06T06:42:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"8aa5f8d0d3472a9ac03033d571abc92c3c893af048217afc3a5eec16a7c5328d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1105.1232","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f8c245718cf30f9435f60df163a4a9d399e3bc31e94d1a18866a7afbba9264ce","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f8c245718cf30f9435f60df163a4a9d399e3bc31e94d1a18866a7afbba9264ce","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.357187Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.357187Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"M/Q9moIKW2vIWVy2eeW42fS3rJXllkF9RuFw4tmt2zONz70nzl6W/PMLf1x7jRhPYz0mqplgTrwrgrGUdtzkCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.358284Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1105.1232","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:426b31da7bc8ac29a7cb8eeea1a335f07f93d024ad39c2be10f64c711e3db32c","sha256:bf7877de00e9663942c208314a85a1f27820ff1fdbcfe62303a6cb38d6f66d59"],"state_sha256":"746ea66b32738fec972d893a4a0e1da89745b397af5e2235d4fb5dcfdef0b0fd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6exzprLMcz9evhre9V+FtTDx0eRCNwNNzXNaEhae/O2HhfhQ9HojvNgFZa5J3YqyFtGvV4THVL6Ba/GaJuz1CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T04:08:26.573879Z","bundle_sha256":"a3753e02c6dc87f8bb03743944fb3b7c9083ee3db873f16185d7ab7b45f366b1"}}