{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N","short_pith_number":"pith:7P7BDQZR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"9baf4afec25baa5d8f543f49338aeff552a52a25f4c559c70936a6b42e8f8f73","abstract_canon_sha256":"2658176cac4a261c23b924ffef323e10ffe26712dd934d98d9e7e53a6bbee56a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fbfe11c3311e7e378b510ce8044609f37650d1c49d2689e100e16a201c8fa2d4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.11371","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.11371","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.11371v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.11371","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7P7BDQZRDZ7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7P7BDQZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"9baf4afec25baa5d8f543f49338aeff552a52a25f4c559c70936a6b42e8f8f73","abstract_canon_sha256":"2658176cac4a261c23b924ffef323e10ffe26712dd934d98d9e7e53a6bbee56a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fbfe11c3311e7e378b510ce8044609f37650d1c49d2689e100e16a201c8fa2d4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425874Z","signature_b64":"UsWteDuHKXA66SSbqe8uW2LRdqtQtNIRZie0a8p3K4A2vceMpPqx80o0QBQ0LoY0Ve6y09q+MDcg9c3maPtbDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fbfe11c3311e7e378b510ce8044609f37650d1c49d2689e100e16a201c8fa2d4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425394Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425394Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.11371","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KfnoP/E1Sr44Fq48lH7Es2Qx7xyPg8BJ5eUQlMjKUFqEU9M7KfVw/BhXIlo8Ppbvjmc4trM3OEgUXyUynPmcAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T18:51:08.873982Z"},"content_sha256":"9a140f6f9d6ee5b19464e70bd4786b44b398f41a2bed5d00e337a63600a4b5ef","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a140f6f9d6ee5b19464e70bd4786b44b398f41a2bed5d00e337a63600a4b5ef"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rethinking Thinking Tokens: Understanding Why They Underperform in Practice","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"David Herel, David Valente, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru, Sreeram Vennam","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Thinking Tokens (TT) have been proposed as an unsupervised method to facilitate reasoning in language models. However, despite their conceptual appeal, our findings show that TTs marginally improves performance and consistently underperforms compared to Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning across multiple benchmarks. We hypothesize that this underperformance stems from the reliance on a single embedding for TTs, which results in inconsistent learning signals and introduces noisy gradients. This paper provides a comprehensive empirical analysis to validate this hypothesis and discusses the implicat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.11371/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Howu6R1n5bLDOW5Z9Y7gCSbRgI3WJRN6LYMtPYOYWnU8H0dDWZK53QPa/voDnUYN6OAmHE/DtXrKGVaj8Ko9CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T18:51:08.874706Z"},"content_sha256":"bb4cab8bf320a12c3ca2f16dd04b142adac7ff4ddbeee5a8024083ca76a0e3f3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bb4cab8bf320a12c3ca2f16dd04b142adac7ff4ddbeee5a8024083ca76a0e3f3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T18:51:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2RBTUAIRQJ6N","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2658176cac4a261c23b924ffef323e10ffe26712dd934d98d9e7e53a6bbee56a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"9baf4afec25baa5d8f543f49338aeff552a52a25f4c559c70936a6b42e8f8f73"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.11371","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.11371v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.11371","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7P7BDQZRDZ7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7P7BDQZRDZ7DPC2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7P7BDQZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bb4cab8bf320a12c3ca2f16dd04b142adac7ff4ddbeee5a8024083ca76a0e3f3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.11371/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Thinking Tokens (TT) have been proposed as an unsupervised method to facilitate reasoning in language models. However, despite their conceptual appeal, our findings show that TTs marginally improves performance and consistently underperforms compared to Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning across multiple benchmarks. We hypothesize that this underperformance stems from the reliance on a single embedding for TTs, which results in inconsistent learning signals and introduces noisy gradients. This paper provides a comprehensive empirical analysis to validate this hypothesis and discusses the implicat","authors_text":"David Herel, David Valente, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru, Sreeram Vennam","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","title":"Rethinking Thinking Tokens: Understanding Why They Underperform in Practice"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9a140f6f9d6ee5b19464e70bd4786b44b398f41a2bed5d00e337a63600a4b5ef","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2658176cac4a261c23b924ffef323e10ffe26712dd934d98d9e7e53a6bbee56a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-11-18T08:34:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"9baf4afec25baa5d8f543f49338aeff552a52a25f4c559c70936a6b42e8f8f73"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.11371","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fbfe11c3311e7e378b510ce8044609f37650d1c49d2689e100e16a201c8fa2d4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fbfe11c3311e7e378b510ce8044609f37650d1c49d2689e100e16a201c8fa2d4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425394Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425394Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"UsWteDuHKXA66SSbqe8uW2LRdqtQtNIRZie0a8p3K4A2vceMpPqx80o0QBQ0LoY0Ve6y09q+MDcg9c3maPtbDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:36:55.425874Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.11371","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9a140f6f9d6ee5b19464e70bd4786b44b398f41a2bed5d00e337a63600a4b5ef","sha256:bb4cab8bf320a12c3ca2f16dd04b142adac7ff4ddbeee5a8024083ca76a0e3f3"],"state_sha256":"5e1513fb5747eb088ec4880b16d3ebbda3d52ee2eb5da67707f1bd5573fb3c4a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zNpJMEU5iIHeqp3+XABea+KmYVIIKLDUt+62ph+OgN2FF3vMPg002eX5rMoRqfBbzlDgWfanlE0e1W3RLpUPCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T18:51:08.880521Z","bundle_sha256":"a99b020e515c326164d01e93711dbd8eee41a81af14f7baf536914cefee72f85"}}