{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA","short_pith_number":"pith:ABN2TSOD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"209da1f2797c62e178f4652f18606f309ad8f808be4d7d7a33be6318f05ccc05","abstract_canon_sha256":"250a8c642dbf836d1e4dd85369de2ef3cf99d18f7d8f64debf4438e1e474e995"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"005ba9c9c326ad04c3eb072e9a7b4d403000368082fb97d5e1d855462647d1fc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1902.02460","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1902.02460","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1902.02460v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1902.02460","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ABN2TSODE2WQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ABN2TSOD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"209da1f2797c62e178f4652f18606f309ad8f808be4d7d7a33be6318f05ccc05","abstract_canon_sha256":"250a8c642dbf836d1e4dd85369de2ef3cf99d18f7d8f64debf4438e1e474e995"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"005ba9c9c326ad04c3eb072e9a7b4d403000368082fb97d5e1d855462647d1fc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.267017Z","signature_b64":"V0topRmwfkwqN5c9V5Df3rx//KWyDpVWewJXfjag6tas50MANrpBTXDEo1fjR52WZ/kyCuLFMlsP9IeXp0opAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"005ba9c9c326ad04c3eb072e9a7b4d403000368082fb97d5e1d855462647d1fc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.266573Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.266573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1902.02460","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h0NSDz5wA3j0zY9AA0Lp4JWS1NsPFFAdXIM+sjdgDpqLkggmoZ0yk7AhT2TDTueWaENd6/9VR+LPhC6xbcXBAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T08:10:42.221122Z"},"content_sha256":"303e4311654002c3796441d7b5da285302cc3cf9221f53a886ebe99239068b10","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:303e4311654002c3796441d7b5da285302cc3cf9221f53a886ebe99239068b10"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Simulation and Instability Investigation of the Flow around a Cylinder between Two Parallel Walls","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"An-Qing Ben, Hua-Shu Dou","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"The two-dimensional flows around a cylinder between two parallel walls at Re=40 and Re=100 are simulated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The governing equations are Navier-Stokes equations. They are discretized with finite volume method (FVM) and the solution is iterated with PISO Algorithm. Then, the calculating results are compared with the numerical results in literature, and good agreements are obtained. After that, the mechanism of the formation of Karman vortex street is investigated and the instability of the entire flow field is analyzed with the energy gradient theory. It is "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lHcn+ih6lluasmr1mvrtKtlgCE8nCjcSthhOcbgaSonevLdCp+rX03TGqFiS7SqavOjloZzsTLYPBdfoazzECA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T08:10:42.221722Z"},"content_sha256":"5a5fdb4034d198ee9be60783b2de2ef9fab2cccbda386e5fe794449e7f4309b2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a5fdb4034d198ee9be60783b2de2ef9fab2cccbda386e5fe794449e7f4309b2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-24T08:10:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7LA4XJU62NIA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"250a8c642dbf836d1e4dd85369de2ef3cf99d18f7d8f64debf4438e1e474e995","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"209da1f2797c62e178f4652f18606f309ad8f808be4d7d7a33be6318f05ccc05"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1902.02460","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1902.02460v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1902.02460","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ABN2TSODE2WQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ABN2TSODE2WQJQ7L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ABN2TSOD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a5fdb4034d198ee9be60783b2de2ef9fab2cccbda386e5fe794449e7f4309b2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The two-dimensional flows around a cylinder between two parallel walls at Re=40 and Re=100 are simulated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The governing equations are Navier-Stokes equations. They are discretized with finite volume method (FVM) and the solution is iterated with PISO Algorithm. Then, the calculating results are compared with the numerical results in literature, and good agreements are obtained. After that, the mechanism of the formation of Karman vortex street is investigated and the instability of the entire flow field is analyzed with the energy gradient theory. It is ","authors_text":"An-Qing Ben, Hua-Shu Dou","cross_cats":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","title":"Simulation and Instability Investigation of the Flow around a Cylinder between Two Parallel Walls"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:303e4311654002c3796441d7b5da285302cc3cf9221f53a886ebe99239068b10","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"250a8c642dbf836d1e4dd85369de2ef3cf99d18f7d8f64debf4438e1e474e995","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.chem-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2019-02-07T03:31:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"209da1f2797c62e178f4652f18606f309ad8f808be4d7d7a33be6318f05ccc05"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1902.02460","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"005ba9c9c326ad04c3eb072e9a7b4d403000368082fb97d5e1d855462647d1fc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"005ba9c9c326ad04c3eb072e9a7b4d403000368082fb97d5e1d855462647d1fc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.266573Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.266573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"V0topRmwfkwqN5c9V5Df3rx//KWyDpVWewJXfjag6tas50MANrpBTXDEo1fjR52WZ/kyCuLFMlsP9IeXp0opAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:54:13.267017Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1902.02460","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:303e4311654002c3796441d7b5da285302cc3cf9221f53a886ebe99239068b10","sha256:5a5fdb4034d198ee9be60783b2de2ef9fab2cccbda386e5fe794449e7f4309b2"],"state_sha256":"0b95a2d262d8035588fba4dd36bbee40d3987c658d7a7d826112807da2f09783"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VIU52Wl0m0g9xDaDxKx48DQ7uHeQTSlfI5LazqB2fP+KGZazFxjtrn8gjUSxjgq4KiU37UVptE3RUXK0nfbTBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T08:10:42.224556Z","bundle_sha256":"cde838ab7654106d57c113804f97d5ca56af7c6313d5a3d50ceedb50952c2608"}}