{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2016:AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3","short_pith_number":"pith:AOLGJWBF","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"039664d82533c763a16394445bcc4916e3247b15fead1c03f5f11a14dbf289f2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1603.05653","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The origin of the $\\alpha$-enhancement of massive galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Joop Schaye, Marijke C. Segers, Matthieu Schaller, Richard G. Bower, Robert A. Crain, Tom Theuns","submitted_at":"2016-03-17T20:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the origin of the stellar $\\alpha$-element-to-iron abundance ratio, $[\\alpha/\\mathrm{Fe}]_{\\ast}$, of present-day central galaxies, using cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations from the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE) project. For galaxies with stellar masses of $M_{\\ast} > 10^{10.5}$ M$_{\\odot}$, $[\\alpha/\\mathrm{Fe}]_{\\ast}$ increases with increasing galaxy stellar mass and age. These trends are in good agreement with observations of early-type galaxies, and are consistent with a `downsizing' galaxy formation scenario: more massive galaxies have f"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1603.05653","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-17T20:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a9d89bf3ee122434f547adf50eb0dd03c925d6835721a3592073224916d67ae7","abstract_canon_sha256":"63214adb4014cc6473190f0f5595895b2b65687e90f116c9f04ba31f931d0081"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728718Z","signature_b64":"BZ5eOQlqw+NISVPTaKNSGOECreGDgFhMnFHpHB+Iy2tsssKIa7nCUsQgffu4MqpUKcvuHFN+dbEn9HQae2cPCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"039664d82533c763a16394445bcc4916e3247b15fead1c03f5f11a14dbf289f2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728342Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728342Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The origin of the $\\alpha$-enhancement of massive galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Joop Schaye, Marijke C. Segers, Matthieu Schaller, Richard G. Bower, Robert A. Crain, Tom Theuns","submitted_at":"2016-03-17T20:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the origin of the stellar $\\alpha$-element-to-iron abundance ratio, $[\\alpha/\\mathrm{Fe}]_{\\ast}$, of present-day central galaxies, using cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations from the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE) project. For galaxies with stellar masses of $M_{\\ast} > 10^{10.5}$ M$_{\\odot}$, $[\\alpha/\\mathrm{Fe}]_{\\ast}$ increases with increasing galaxy stellar mass and age. These trends are in good agreement with observations of early-type galaxies, and are consistent with a `downsizing' galaxy formation scenario: more massive galaxies have f"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.05653","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.05653","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728402+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.05653v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728402+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.05653","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728402+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AOLGJWBFGPDW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07.202191+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AOLGJWBFGPDWHILD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07.202191+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AOLGJWBF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07.202191+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3","json":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AOLGJWBF"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AOLGJWBF","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1603.05653&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/AOLGJWBFGPDWHILDSRCFXTCJC3/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728402+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:48.728402+00:00"}