{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N","short_pith_number":"pith:B2Z4CLIZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"f309df449b47eb59ebf8b579a7bab6ba69176591b73fec8f44ca712421e1f949","abstract_canon_sha256":"cecc82ec3c0678c33b6f45a1ab86c317a91f01f858f7b44a25f824e2e14f2092"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0eb3c12d19241a3d6ee4285e9faa37eb6d19fd75eeb08946abf7d4fba8534454","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1809.04263","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.04263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.04263v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.04263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZEQND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZEQND23XE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"f309df449b47eb59ebf8b579a7bab6ba69176591b73fec8f44ca712421e1f949","abstract_canon_sha256":"cecc82ec3c0678c33b6f45a1ab86c317a91f01f858f7b44a25f824e2e14f2092"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0eb3c12d19241a3d6ee4285e9faa37eb6d19fd75eeb08946abf7d4fba8534454","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.955539Z","signature_b64":"Ok5wCu1dDUebpCl6xEbDvw5CaGYBC8IiNUz5+6OtPn42ODJyx7Ycq7UDC8Td9Vu1V1LldLE7dmreOgBFSn41AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0eb3c12d19241a3d6ee4285e9faa37eb6d19fd75eeb08946abf7d4fba8534454","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.954979Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.954979Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1809.04263","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1We+a42iMsA1Rx2SyOZHMkeVxzQY7Lbj6u+E4ce3lfBNgowbuZsX9f2xafQnH6sckcuMJnGBUnezL3VUzxkBAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T21:52:04.944565Z"},"content_sha256":"785d47eb5fd7f598424fe44e9582730d7781e5996808e6dddfd7447b774ef81c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:785d47eb5fd7f598424fe44e9582730d7781e5996808e6dddfd7447b774ef81c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Efficiency and detectability of random reactive jamming in carrier sense wireless networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Ni An, Steven Weber","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"A natural basis for the detection of a wireless random reactive jammer (RRJ) is the perceived violation by the detector (typically located at the access point (AP)) of the carrier sensing protocol underpinning many wireless random access protocols (e.g., WiFi). Specifically, when the wireless medium is perceived by a station to be busy, a carrier sensing compliant station will avoid transmission while a RRJ station will often initiate transmission. However, hidden terminals (HTs), i.e., activity detected by the AP but not by the sensing station, complicate the use of carrier sensing as the bas"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a70uptmOaZkPjKqb0hpMwunlwQmgdIFz/cuGrsT0IgHQ885ow5dZ/E2LRis0pR2V2C+JvH7jj9mNuyAitv7dDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T21:52:04.944929Z"},"content_sha256":"a91edca7832583dfa1e1556acbc0af9387b9a7efd9d054d73be416850f5db0a3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a91edca7832583dfa1e1556acbc0af9387b9a7efd9d054d73be416850f5db0a3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-02T21:52:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:B2Z4CLIZEQND23XEFBPJ7KRX5N","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cecc82ec3c0678c33b6f45a1ab86c317a91f01f858f7b44a25f824e2e14f2092","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"f309df449b47eb59ebf8b579a7bab6ba69176591b73fec8f44ca712421e1f949"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.04263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.04263v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.04263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZEQND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZEQND23XE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B2Z4CLIZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a91edca7832583dfa1e1556acbc0af9387b9a7efd9d054d73be416850f5db0a3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A natural basis for the detection of a wireless random reactive jammer (RRJ) is the perceived violation by the detector (typically located at the access point (AP)) of the carrier sensing protocol underpinning many wireless random access protocols (e.g., WiFi). Specifically, when the wireless medium is perceived by a station to be busy, a carrier sensing compliant station will avoid transmission while a RRJ station will often initiate transmission. However, hidden terminals (HTs), i.e., activity detected by the AP but not by the sensing station, complicate the use of carrier sensing as the bas","authors_text":"Ni An, Steven Weber","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","title":"Efficiency and detectability of random reactive jamming in carrier sense wireless networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:785d47eb5fd7f598424fe44e9582730d7781e5996808e6dddfd7447b774ef81c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cecc82ec3c0678c33b6f45a1ab86c317a91f01f858f7b44a25f824e2e14f2092","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-09-12T05:48:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"f309df449b47eb59ebf8b579a7bab6ba69176591b73fec8f44ca712421e1f949"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.04263","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0eb3c12d19241a3d6ee4285e9faa37eb6d19fd75eeb08946abf7d4fba8534454","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0eb3c12d19241a3d6ee4285e9faa37eb6d19fd75eeb08946abf7d4fba8534454","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.954979Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.954979Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ok5wCu1dDUebpCl6xEbDvw5CaGYBC8IiNUz5+6OtPn42ODJyx7Ycq7UDC8Td9Vu1V1LldLE7dmreOgBFSn41AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:52.955539Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.04263","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:785d47eb5fd7f598424fe44e9582730d7781e5996808e6dddfd7447b774ef81c","sha256:a91edca7832583dfa1e1556acbc0af9387b9a7efd9d054d73be416850f5db0a3"],"state_sha256":"d6aa3c152e47e88a026c37cdd116455ac8d8523bd2f0697f95262d4bc5388f2f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5aEPGQg/085Au3zcqE+fX/WZ2J/ExSs4QFd9SOLw0RyWylGM7NM4VdC9xzdLN9B1+rvMVbgJkwB7/WgSyFzuDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T21:52:04.946955Z","bundle_sha256":"3702ecd40451788a0f6c698a80c2b7908fd7607585871a819b048cf7290f47d5"}}