{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN","short_pith_number":"pith:BJXTPTQK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7af7ca98b625a0b32afc2dd8549e5aa1f75df5db101394b58206ce81c2887cc9","abstract_canon_sha256":"1b00e451834621e9bb8f43951e7e08f398ac0b8aa0b9f2df244694b8263020d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a6f37ce0a58bc9b54a7a7baad0f245b41717c6d3050685cc430ae03f79e7878","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2012.09285","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.09285","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.09285v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.09285","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BJXTPTQKLC6J","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BJXTPTQK","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7af7ca98b625a0b32afc2dd8549e5aa1f75df5db101394b58206ce81c2887cc9","abstract_canon_sha256":"1b00e451834621e9bb8f43951e7e08f398ac0b8aa0b9f2df244694b8263020d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a6f37ce0a58bc9b54a7a7baad0f245b41717c6d3050685cc430ae03f79e7878","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.660207Z","signature_b64":"r15bLTQk5ipkemSotgXaVowqXr9lxutoMnpq1P+aHBmbYjMGzmo1HIh3Gx7RdzcRHx185Pw/2KBL08Nm9RzGBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0a6f37ce0a58bc9b54a7a7baad0f245b41717c6d3050685cc430ae03f79e7878","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.659835Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.659835Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2012.09285","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VA37gI1rjAwT+BFwMk79w83doUz4mlVZebQPSnNoUvfWKBG25CKepRfnzXxxW89iIRMeq+jYR7vXJCaoSU0mAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T22:40:38.241063Z"},"content_sha256":"2cf75c39563dff16676290f2405f17ea1f0e782c54174d91f1968309ea0a550e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2cf75c39563dff16676290f2405f17ea1f0e782c54174d91f1968309ea0a550e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Novel Cryptography-Based Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Optimization Paradigm","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Mingxi Liu, Xiang Huo","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Existing large-scale optimization schemes are challenged by both scalability and cyber-security. With the favorable scalability, adaptability, and flexibility, decentralized and distributed optimization paradigms are widely adopted in cyber-physical system applications. However, most existing approaches heavily rely on explicit information exchange between agents or between agents and the system operator, leading the entire framework prone to privacy risks. To tackle this issue, this paper synthesizes cryptography and decentralized optimization techniques to develop a novel privacy-preserving "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2012.09285/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dWOQlSfKZotR4bTmhPPYZ/ityJDmDRHiHPbq1+hHLF9W5UCBdVY7/WGdpRQd6ILXDF0DcflI0XtA1S+S/BNkAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T22:40:38.241636Z"},"content_sha256":"0d6505cbbd1490c2f5d8b9dca51537bc5c09a22f234191be291c19df6386fc2f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0d6505cbbd1490c2f5d8b9dca51537bc5c09a22f234191be291c19df6386fc2f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T22:40:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFHU65K2DZELN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1b00e451834621e9bb8f43951e7e08f398ac0b8aa0b9f2df244694b8263020d1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"7af7ca98b625a0b32afc2dd8549e5aa1f75df5db101394b58206ce81c2887cc9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.09285","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.09285v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.09285","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BJXTPTQKLC6J","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BJXTPTQKLC6JWVFH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BJXTPTQK","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0d6505cbbd1490c2f5d8b9dca51537bc5c09a22f234191be291c19df6386fc2f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2012.09285/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Existing large-scale optimization schemes are challenged by both scalability and cyber-security. With the favorable scalability, adaptability, and flexibility, decentralized and distributed optimization paradigms are widely adopted in cyber-physical system applications. However, most existing approaches heavily rely on explicit information exchange between agents or between agents and the system operator, leading the entire framework prone to privacy risks. To tackle this issue, this paper synthesizes cryptography and decentralized optimization techniques to develop a novel privacy-preserving ","authors_text":"Mingxi Liu, Xiang Huo","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","title":"A Novel Cryptography-Based Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Optimization Paradigm"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2cf75c39563dff16676290f2405f17ea1f0e782c54174d91f1968309ea0a550e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1b00e451834621e9bb8f43951e7e08f398ac0b8aa0b9f2df244694b8263020d1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T21:51:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"7af7ca98b625a0b32afc2dd8549e5aa1f75df5db101394b58206ce81c2887cc9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.09285","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0a6f37ce0a58bc9b54a7a7baad0f245b41717c6d3050685cc430ae03f79e7878","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0a6f37ce0a58bc9b54a7a7baad0f245b41717c6d3050685cc430ae03f79e7878","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.659835Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.659835Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"r15bLTQk5ipkemSotgXaVowqXr9lxutoMnpq1P+aHBmbYjMGzmo1HIh3Gx7RdzcRHx185Pw/2KBL08Nm9RzGBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:01:19.660207Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2012.09285","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2cf75c39563dff16676290f2405f17ea1f0e782c54174d91f1968309ea0a550e","sha256:0d6505cbbd1490c2f5d8b9dca51537bc5c09a22f234191be291c19df6386fc2f"],"state_sha256":"8b91dab477d748b26d5ab221192f9acece79dd55743356112964b7768de3705c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Tt3kS4oQ3ToxIgiGQWeFWE1FKnFUkKBl+FXjc3cRyAVXNpGwS+O3mrdRGvnpWjD8rksC3WMvfluL41ETcfiNBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T22:40:38.245960Z","bundle_sha256":"9fb01ff54f70f9f3f80c7b305671db0c827b91f32fe6b0b3a1cb7fda488b7912"}}