{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M","short_pith_number":"pith:BOXC6UZI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"c476ca00cb8e5e89cc7eecf0dc8c6115062b238ad14aead22693a81fe1ca80c8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6fb8784f19ac8fa5be989e330cf7d8930abc98b7e1e084f3aa0b70de6c88d2a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0bae2f532882ec093e9ca833ddb5b8fb073285fe7df909fac78a8a823804e6b5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.08134","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.08134","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.08134v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.08134","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BOXC6UZIQLWA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BOXC6UZI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"c476ca00cb8e5e89cc7eecf0dc8c6115062b238ad14aead22693a81fe1ca80c8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6fb8784f19ac8fa5be989e330cf7d8930abc98b7e1e084f3aa0b70de6c88d2a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0bae2f532882ec093e9ca833ddb5b8fb073285fe7df909fac78a8a823804e6b5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.384136Z","signature_b64":"aBLG8ZczMlme+x3xhSOLwaCBMlVeZL8kFVZTp8rgJ/prSj40K2wRr1dFdrKfOUfgb+WuqxkdAhGCXlN6Dj7DCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0bae2f532882ec093e9ca833ddb5b8fb073285fe7df909fac78a8a823804e6b5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.383488Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.383488Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.08134","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"osJEc9l2jrIC9hPyZNtiU2EolR4QivTvKesS++EJO4/Y9sPiaxH+QD06eIuLlzctj28qgb+5OgVkp5SLMVHwAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:24.607958Z"},"content_sha256":"731b04a7397ebee82cf31ddf0caefda592feb6f6c3c0439e135744f266774270","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:731b04a7397ebee82cf31ddf0caefda592feb6f6c3c0439e135744f266774270"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Overabundant Information and Learning Traps","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.GT","authors_text":"Annie Liang, Xiaosheng Mu","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We develop a model of social learning from overabundant information: Short-lived agents sequentially choose from a large set of (flexibly correlated) information sources for prediction of an unknown state. Signal realizations are public. We demonstrate two starkly different long-run outcomes: (1) efficient information aggregation, where the community eventually learns as fast as possible; (2) \"learning traps,\" where the community gets stuck observing suboptimal sources and learns inefficiently. Our main results identify a simple property of the signal correlation structure that separates these"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o/QtRvU475a3FHHgrnEfxE4isO9V3NHLTh5dzwwQkj6oaIal/9c30n3w507/lGV3vCXeNcyomr76inh/I6X8CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:24.608297Z"},"content_sha256":"c2c99b3700391ac25d83ab2d74cb743e426efa8098a8a2d621a01a9ff73a2d2f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c2c99b3700391ac25d83ab2d74cb743e426efa8098a8a2d621a01a9ff73a2d2f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4VAZ53NNY7M","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6fb8784f19ac8fa5be989e330cf7d8930abc98b7e1e084f3aa0b70de6c88d2a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"c476ca00cb8e5e89cc7eecf0dc8c6115062b238ad14aead22693a81fe1ca80c8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.08134","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.08134v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.08134","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BOXC6UZIQLWA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BOXC6UZIQLWASPU4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BOXC6UZI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c2c99b3700391ac25d83ab2d74cb743e426efa8098a8a2d621a01a9ff73a2d2f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We develop a model of social learning from overabundant information: Short-lived agents sequentially choose from a large set of (flexibly correlated) information sources for prediction of an unknown state. Signal realizations are public. We demonstrate two starkly different long-run outcomes: (1) efficient information aggregation, where the community eventually learns as fast as possible; (2) \"learning traps,\" where the community gets stuck observing suboptimal sources and learns inefficiently. Our main results identify a simple property of the signal correlation structure that separates these","authors_text":"Annie Liang, Xiaosheng Mu","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","title":"Overabundant Information and Learning Traps"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:731b04a7397ebee82cf31ddf0caefda592feb6f6c3c0439e135744f266774270","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6fb8784f19ac8fa5be989e330cf7d8930abc98b7e1e084f3aa0b70de6c88d2a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2018-05-21T15:43:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"c476ca00cb8e5e89cc7eecf0dc8c6115062b238ad14aead22693a81fe1ca80c8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.08134","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0bae2f532882ec093e9ca833ddb5b8fb073285fe7df909fac78a8a823804e6b5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0bae2f532882ec093e9ca833ddb5b8fb073285fe7df909fac78a8a823804e6b5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.383488Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.383488Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"aBLG8ZczMlme+x3xhSOLwaCBMlVeZL8kFVZTp8rgJ/prSj40K2wRr1dFdrKfOUfgb+WuqxkdAhGCXlN6Dj7DCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:58.384136Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.08134","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:731b04a7397ebee82cf31ddf0caefda592feb6f6c3c0439e135744f266774270","sha256:c2c99b3700391ac25d83ab2d74cb743e426efa8098a8a2d621a01a9ff73a2d2f"],"state_sha256":"233aee6a55d93a63674b1c14e48680eca01c60c6730b0a88df80b8674f8ff4c0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"08Kdkvv7FL7KFpZyK1pACXYKeRfu963+pHs5YvfYyAa0X3BlQg6Be2wamsTC293Xcg7UWIepU3S3lC4Mze/HBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:24.610526Z","bundle_sha256":"fee71daa8c24710cfa2fb6419639e3dac5d01fed876a92750bc5d303b3b6e758"}}