{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK","short_pith_number":"pith:BW2S2NCT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"769022cb3c7fc04c2835b2d05b71f96e1894117406e50792b0e328d554c9a4ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"d762017a933d969c6901b42fed2b5ba539f0bdcf4ba3c5a1115d4d6e8e13d2ee"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0db52d34530914e9c8012833b1f793ca9e52b2c1dd560a3077cef6827c038b4d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1006.0230","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1006.0230","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1006.0230v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1006.0230","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BW2S2NCTBEKO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BW2S2NCTBEKOTSAB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BW2S2NCT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"769022cb3c7fc04c2835b2d05b71f96e1894117406e50792b0e328d554c9a4ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"d762017a933d969c6901b42fed2b5ba539f0bdcf4ba3c5a1115d4d6e8e13d2ee"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0db52d34530914e9c8012833b1f793ca9e52b2c1dd560a3077cef6827c038b4d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889945Z","signature_b64":"y8qcA802U0sJcYHU6xXS6LudPtRLdR9RXWXH2qHNFqk/a7SnmhjkEPkTf5QRs2HN0n0ikUyaGf82k53yM6IeBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0db52d34530914e9c8012833b1f793ca9e52b2c1dd560a3077cef6827c038b4d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889420Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889420Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1006.0230","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4YdS448987D8CsZTCoa9IL/Ei1uk8ff1R9CT1fN8uuGyBVaRephZvDieIe3dRI64SktlryMfcksR91a11QKJDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T17:45:39.220714Z"},"content_sha256":"7036dfa7f95dd75385753063f0116c448ce0ac7770012f9ef1adc748d17efe49","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7036dfa7f95dd75385753063f0116c448ce0ac7770012f9ef1adc748d17efe49"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The role of submillimetre galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"C.G. Lacey (1), C. M. Baugh (1), C. S. Frenk (1) ((1) ICC, Durham), Juan E. Gonzalez (1)","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the role of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the galaxy formation process in the Lambda Cold Dark Matter cosmology. We use the Baugh et al. (2005) semi-analytical model, which matches the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution by assuming a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF) in bursts triggered by galaxy mergers. We build galaxy merger trees and follow the evolution and properties of SMGs and their descendants. Our primary sample of model SMGs consists of galaxies which had 850 mu fluxes brighter than 5 mJy at some redshift z>1. Our model predicts that the present-day"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J4hr9MXjMIDLX2s4KbBYHtiDj+/czm5m7hdJH5UMTWF9w0fUHYUcTkmzfi9vAYsgRkvqFzP7lf++1ukkBKFXCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T17:45:39.221364Z"},"content_sha256":"91fdaf7201110ee82ec0574a6bf4ef20cd499f45c88d860371b9b4600fb72a53","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91fdaf7201110ee82ec0574a6bf4ef20cd499f45c88d860371b9b4600fb72a53"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T17:45:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:BW2S2NCTBEKOTSABFAZ3D54TZK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d762017a933d969c6901b42fed2b5ba539f0bdcf4ba3c5a1115d4d6e8e13d2ee","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"769022cb3c7fc04c2835b2d05b71f96e1894117406e50792b0e328d554c9a4ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1006.0230","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1006.0230v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1006.0230","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BW2S2NCTBEKO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BW2S2NCTBEKOTSAB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BW2S2NCT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:91fdaf7201110ee82ec0574a6bf4ef20cd499f45c88d860371b9b4600fb72a53","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the role of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the galaxy formation process in the Lambda Cold Dark Matter cosmology. We use the Baugh et al. (2005) semi-analytical model, which matches the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution by assuming a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF) in bursts triggered by galaxy mergers. We build galaxy merger trees and follow the evolution and properties of SMGs and their descendants. Our primary sample of model SMGs consists of galaxies which had 850 mu fluxes brighter than 5 mJy at some redshift z>1. Our model predicts that the present-day","authors_text":"C.G. Lacey (1), C. M. Baugh (1), C. S. Frenk (1) ((1) ICC, Durham), Juan E. Gonzalez (1)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","title":"The role of submillimetre galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7036dfa7f95dd75385753063f0116c448ce0ac7770012f9ef1adc748d17efe49","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d762017a933d969c6901b42fed2b5ba539f0bdcf4ba3c5a1115d4d6e8e13d2ee","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-06-01T20:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"769022cb3c7fc04c2835b2d05b71f96e1894117406e50792b0e328d554c9a4ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1006.0230","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0db52d34530914e9c8012833b1f793ca9e52b2c1dd560a3077cef6827c038b4d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0db52d34530914e9c8012833b1f793ca9e52b2c1dd560a3077cef6827c038b4d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889420Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889420Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"y8qcA802U0sJcYHU6xXS6LudPtRLdR9RXWXH2qHNFqk/a7SnmhjkEPkTf5QRs2HN0n0ikUyaGf82k53yM6IeBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:07:05.889945Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1006.0230","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7036dfa7f95dd75385753063f0116c448ce0ac7770012f9ef1adc748d17efe49","sha256:91fdaf7201110ee82ec0574a6bf4ef20cd499f45c88d860371b9b4600fb72a53"],"state_sha256":"c3a62c78791458ff035b27d28c6c9c7ce2335636790af42c976042264184a68f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2lK5lrC9L9bOS7nF4sYCMV52rfbbfFE6wnbTV3BDgQzX5AQrLEuU2B9NJ623Zc21UE/c8cYZHjQlru3qErobDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T17:45:39.225157Z","bundle_sha256":"60ee4be706f140218e3e28c591011a0c2f9a3bb5a1d31c05b0f8f659ba6b4521"}}