{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO","short_pith_number":"pith:BWD2XQ6B","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"0d87abc3c1edbed4ea55e4159e949223973964edc4935edf41c05f0348a9734b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1906.11940","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"What Do Developers Ask About ML Libraries? A Large-scale Study Using Stack Overflow","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Hoan Anh Nguyen, Hridesh Rajan, Md Johirul Islam, Rangeet Pan","submitted_at":"2019-06-27T20:15:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Modern software systems are increasingly including machine learning (ML) as an integral component. However, we do not yet understand the difficulties faced by software developers when learning about ML libraries and using them within their systems. To that end, this work reports on a detailed (manual) examination of 3,243 highly-rated Q&A posts related to ten ML libraries, namely Tensorflow, Keras, scikit-learn, Weka, Caffe, Theano, MLlib, Torch, Mahout, and H2O, on Stack Overflow, a popular online technical Q&A forum. We classify these questions into seven typical stages of an ML pipeline to "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.11940","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-06-27T20:15:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e7cf503313494d1598623d1b6344289a6c8635d29cfc06fd18eb5476d4f2cdf0","abstract_canon_sha256":"1aa643e14c30035bee9c9d63c13e71e6c98c09a5eb23a3e741ae3333dcb298d7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532897Z","signature_b64":"plSatcoT1uCtI7HwlVzn0tuBwzzukB3KjfJIixWseVMuEr0CMqJUdcu2kQ9/CBDY5yf8x+j/PPLpmao73TnNBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0d87abc3c1edbed4ea55e4159e949223973964edc4935edf41c05f0348a9734b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532266Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532266Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"What Do Developers Ask About ML Libraries? A Large-scale Study Using Stack Overflow","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Hoan Anh Nguyen, Hridesh Rajan, Md Johirul Islam, Rangeet Pan","submitted_at":"2019-06-27T20:15:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Modern software systems are increasingly including machine learning (ML) as an integral component. However, we do not yet understand the difficulties faced by software developers when learning about ML libraries and using them within their systems. To that end, this work reports on a detailed (manual) examination of 3,243 highly-rated Q&A posts related to ten ML libraries, namely Tensorflow, Keras, scikit-learn, Weka, Caffe, Theano, MLlib, Torch, Mahout, and H2O, on Stack Overflow, a popular online technical Q&A forum. We classify these questions into seven typical stages of an ML pipeline to "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.11940","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.11940","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532368+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.11940v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532368+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.11940","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532368+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BWD2XQ6B5W7N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12.712433+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12.712433+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BWD2XQ6B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12.712433+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO","json":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/BWD2XQ6B"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/BWD2XQ6B","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1906.11940&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/BWD2XQ6B5W7NJ2SV4QKZ5FESEO/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532368+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:01.532368+00:00"}