{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG","short_pith_number":"pith:BXSCCXF4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"a396b94d344edf5e1ddc869d681f6bcb27bdc2673dbffd5d5e269df61faf39a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f26e45a13863dbc42a7b8bc1bc5580946a746b86ee7b941da48d75f36fc0ccaf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0de4215cbc7a987a25bd6cb503b8a9c98107c4cf8ed78020ca3a84d04db16a1e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.06169","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.06169","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.06169v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.06169","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4PKMH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"a396b94d344edf5e1ddc869d681f6bcb27bdc2673dbffd5d5e269df61faf39a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f26e45a13863dbc42a7b8bc1bc5580946a746b86ee7b941da48d75f36fc0ccaf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0de4215cbc7a987a25bd6cb503b8a9c98107c4cf8ed78020ca3a84d04db16a1e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.616302Z","signature_b64":"a1YoH89I4j1VjohjLH84MZqAUkIIKQcbJ3qml7moTe20x+MuJ/t/5V1puxbXMRlbydihK8zTas3dyqqDjisYBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0de4215cbc7a987a25bd6cb503b8a9c98107c4cf8ed78020ca3a84d04db16a1e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.615856Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.615856Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.06169","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7qcoMT+u/i1YjJeCty6gz0Fck7cPDteA+FQGYQOMojrw8ZBil99HuCaPdmvd2qFuHGV4wdwTizPSQtzS342QAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T02:19:36.824731Z"},"content_sha256":"b67f5ebe29e8b00b8414dfab587f5b74c38c096277711f33c88edc970e96a69b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b67f5ebe29e8b00b8414dfab587f5b74c38c096277711f33c88edc970e96a69b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Analysis of the tradeoff between health and economic impacts of the Covid-19 epidemic","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"econ.GN","authors_text":"Chao Zhang, Irinel Constantin Morarescu, Samson Lasaulce, Vineeth Varma","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Various measures have been taken in different countries to mitigate the Covid-19 epidemic. But, throughout the world, many citizens don't understand well how these measures are taken and even question the decisions taken by their government. Should the measures be more (or less) restrictive? Are they taken for a too long (or too short) period of time? To provide some quantitative elements of response to these questions, we consider the well-known SEIR model for the Covid-19 epidemic propagation and propose a pragmatic model of the government decision-making operation. Although simple and obvio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.06169/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"twBUC3CBGq6IYgN+Nw2LaAIH3kzKsGxfRkMx7krao5ALXLTbFwOQ+2RM6LMY9ct3YeMQ1ZuetIw/M4lGDo3vAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T02:19:36.825275Z"},"content_sha256":"a9371a91cf23a76449cc7430bc0954a15ad59c4fbab8d3d05d807e3881d1eebc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a9371a91cf23a76449cc7430bc0954a15ad59c4fbab8d3d05d807e3881d1eebc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T02:19:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5NS2QHOFJZG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f26e45a13863dbc42a7b8bc1bc5580946a746b86ee7b941da48d75f36fc0ccaf","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a396b94d344edf5e1ddc869d681f6bcb27bdc2673dbffd5d5e269df61faf39a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.06169","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.06169v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.06169","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4PKMH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4PKMHUJN5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BXSCCXF4","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a9371a91cf23a76449cc7430bc0954a15ad59c4fbab8d3d05d807e3881d1eebc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.06169/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Various measures have been taken in different countries to mitigate the Covid-19 epidemic. But, throughout the world, many citizens don't understand well how these measures are taken and even question the decisions taken by their government. Should the measures be more (or less) restrictive? Are they taken for a too long (or too short) period of time? To provide some quantitative elements of response to these questions, we consider the well-known SEIR model for the Covid-19 epidemic propagation and propose a pragmatic model of the government decision-making operation. Although simple and obvio","authors_text":"Chao Zhang, Irinel Constantin Morarescu, Samson Lasaulce, Vineeth Varma","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","title":"Analysis of the tradeoff between health and economic impacts of the Covid-19 epidemic"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b67f5ebe29e8b00b8414dfab587f5b74c38c096277711f33c88edc970e96a69b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f26e45a13863dbc42a7b8bc1bc5580946a746b86ee7b941da48d75f36fc0ccaf","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph","q-fin.EC","stat.AP"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2021-04-12T12:46:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a396b94d344edf5e1ddc869d681f6bcb27bdc2673dbffd5d5e269df61faf39a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.06169","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0de4215cbc7a987a25bd6cb503b8a9c98107c4cf8ed78020ca3a84d04db16a1e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0de4215cbc7a987a25bd6cb503b8a9c98107c4cf8ed78020ca3a84d04db16a1e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.615856Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.615856Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"a1YoH89I4j1VjohjLH84MZqAUkIIKQcbJ3qml7moTe20x+MuJ/t/5V1puxbXMRlbydihK8zTas3dyqqDjisYBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:31:29.616302Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.06169","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b67f5ebe29e8b00b8414dfab587f5b74c38c096277711f33c88edc970e96a69b","sha256:a9371a91cf23a76449cc7430bc0954a15ad59c4fbab8d3d05d807e3881d1eebc"],"state_sha256":"b03f7226ff0d76fb2480e743a2b6eed7565c3fcb3d76eafc23d79b805ac54544"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rxvGQ+dCFbEojNmmoNZXJa3u9Au03BxsbVqrwK2HbEqfv38G+kYzmnVZFP1Z/YeuQLTMWnqeQ4mOOMo4BhX1AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T02:19:36.831244Z","bundle_sha256":"25204679f036ab9f6dcff652721c87ee34b807f9ca75d156fb308d5666b896d9"}}