{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H","short_pith_number":"pith:CF7QDC5P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"890edd2a5006318e26c4f3b336e8ffc4f68878e3542573786b7790c4d845a7ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"ff51d3a62fc27edc7e1d0d81aa0bae7215c10bd734f61af2e2da43a6b1d420a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"117f018baf0cc7240e84c10c4098f5f9df478d6eca7c48b270ce003881a396f0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2305.15407","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.15407","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.15407v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.15407","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CF7QDC5PBTDS","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUE","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CF7QDC5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"890edd2a5006318e26c4f3b336e8ffc4f68878e3542573786b7790c4d845a7ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"ff51d3a62fc27edc7e1d0d81aa0bae7215c10bd734f61af2e2da43a6b1d420a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"117f018baf0cc7240e84c10c4098f5f9df478d6eca7c48b270ce003881a396f0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895839Z","signature_b64":"q2eMRWkWvLUVpCz/GkACXdx0jsjOuhCDWEC3hJkkJN1cXZ1wkcPn5g1b34BfWGFfqj6MFfSPsZk7Vorms1WfAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"117f018baf0cc7240e84c10c4098f5f9df478d6eca7c48b270ce003881a396f0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895373Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895373Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2305.15407","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ohvmcviFoJ4FPy1Rs5sYf9QUmHDH8JW27W3UHlKfBJXZLYpOHaWli01W7mn1K8SrF6bJ2cj8Sx+sTeRCS2a4CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:21:57.605124Z"},"content_sha256":"67a9b7508b132620003112d284e7193f595f8926967745563a4cdd1a96df4038","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:67a9b7508b132620003112d284e7193f595f8926967745563a4cdd1a96df4038"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Balancing the Picture: Debiasing Vision-Language Datasets with Synthetic Contrast Sets","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Aleksandar Shtedritski, Brandon Smith, Hannah Rose Kirk, Max Bain, Miguel Farinha, Siobhan Mackenzie Hall","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"Vision-language models are growing in popularity and public visibility to generate, edit, and caption images at scale; but their outputs can perpetuate and amplify societal biases learned during pre-training on uncurated image-text pairs from the internet. Although debiasing methods have been proposed, we argue that these measurements of model bias lack validity due to dataset bias. We demonstrate there are spurious correlations in COCO Captions, the most commonly used dataset for evaluating bias, between background context and the gender of people in-situ. This is problematic because commonly"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2305.15407/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oFD/tuS5lCA4DKS8f1Zy73hIcsNBnJU9pALo1d4ZGBBQDduzAY3E0A/xNo6YhafzYapEfZqd2yReTU+fxZF9Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:21:57.605825Z"},"content_sha256":"d8540bfdb6998988e731868cacdb7995ff9790154fb53e932273af594d0193b7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d8540bfdb6998988e731868cacdb7995ff9790154fb53e932273af594d0193b7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T07:21:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUEYEGEBGHV7H","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ff51d3a62fc27edc7e1d0d81aa0bae7215c10bd734f61af2e2da43a6b1d420a2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"890edd2a5006318e26c4f3b336e8ffc4f68878e3542573786b7790c4d845a7ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.15407","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.15407v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.15407","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CF7QDC5PBTDS","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CF7QDC5PBTDSIDUE","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CF7QDC5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d8540bfdb6998988e731868cacdb7995ff9790154fb53e932273af594d0193b7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2305.15407/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Vision-language models are growing in popularity and public visibility to generate, edit, and caption images at scale; but their outputs can perpetuate and amplify societal biases learned during pre-training on uncurated image-text pairs from the internet. Although debiasing methods have been proposed, we argue that these measurements of model bias lack validity due to dataset bias. We demonstrate there are spurious correlations in COCO Captions, the most commonly used dataset for evaluating bias, between background context and the gender of people in-situ. This is problematic because commonly","authors_text":"Aleksandar Shtedritski, Brandon Smith, Hannah Rose Kirk, Max Bain, Miguel Farinha, Siobhan Mackenzie Hall","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","title":"Balancing the Picture: Debiasing Vision-Language Datasets with Synthetic Contrast Sets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:67a9b7508b132620003112d284e7193f595f8926967745563a4cdd1a96df4038","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ff51d3a62fc27edc7e1d0d81aa0bae7215c10bd734f61af2e2da43a6b1d420a2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-05-24T17:59:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"890edd2a5006318e26c4f3b336e8ffc4f68878e3542573786b7790c4d845a7ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.15407","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"117f018baf0cc7240e84c10c4098f5f9df478d6eca7c48b270ce003881a396f0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"117f018baf0cc7240e84c10c4098f5f9df478d6eca7c48b270ce003881a396f0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895373Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895373Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"q2eMRWkWvLUVpCz/GkACXdx0jsjOuhCDWEC3hJkkJN1cXZ1wkcPn5g1b34BfWGFfqj6MFfSPsZk7Vorms1WfAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:13:34.895839Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2305.15407","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:67a9b7508b132620003112d284e7193f595f8926967745563a4cdd1a96df4038","sha256:d8540bfdb6998988e731868cacdb7995ff9790154fb53e932273af594d0193b7"],"state_sha256":"66658a382725040a72606a4c81f687eea6273d3ad9be4c94d2ac743bc63af96c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"e+Eh3G8vC58PxkEYyOEfRnYwx68ipQbsAjcOt0yuA0W330w0Iws9UnGeeJYEKUoV+T+aJxZxtRNLpAQNyqlhAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:21:57.609675Z","bundle_sha256":"dff2ed40ae016c3ad02690d24c7a63f20c6740236ff7be4cbf2d62b22c13831b"}}