{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:CM6KBLOXWBPQRLUYAQ5SINC26S","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ce9147aeb55b604d838a1fa2c8720d0cd51fa94928a4831949eccf2b99ac2631","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2024-08-30T23:10:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"edb90eca3f34339345cc6ac4b27b06738d9e4b99b29047921cf51f7bbfac1779"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.10531","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.10531","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.10531v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.10531","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CM6KBLOXWBPQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CM6KBLOXWBPQRLUY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CM6KBLOX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cc30d069ca4b982f8c7bf562e97c9d073f2f482366d45ba3b4765dc3b214a8ed","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2409.10531/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The conspiracy theory that the US 2020 presidential election was fraudulent - the Big Lie - remained a prominent part of the media agenda months after the election. Whether and how search engines prioritized news stories that sought to thoroughly debunk the claims, provide a simple negation, or support the conspiracy is crucial for understanding information exposure on the topic. We investigate how search engines provided news on this conspiracy by conducting a large-scale algorithm audit evaluating differences between three search engines (Google, DuckDuckGo, and Bing), across three locations","authors_text":"Aleksandra Urman, Ernesto de Le\\'on, Mykola Makhortykh, Roberto Ulloa","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2024-08-30T23:10:37Z","title":"Googling the Big Lie: Search Engines, News Media, and the US 2020 Election Conspiracy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.10531","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:eea386ef59e2ab853c77597b092bb5da7b459995ff60d587b05f706fc5b5340b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ce9147aeb55b604d838a1fa2c8720d0cd51fa94928a4831949eccf2b99ac2631","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2024-08-30T23:10:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"edb90eca3f34339345cc6ac4b27b06738d9e4b99b29047921cf51f7bbfac1779"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.10531","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"133ca0add7b05f08ae98043b24345af48e1a84ff15124fe9a6304166a2dec438","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"133ca0add7b05f08ae98043b24345af48e1a84ff15124fe9a6304166a2dec438","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52.326343Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52.326343Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NejIhG0a0z7WAW5+lSRCUpQQazG5cdECLmropWo1SDrEIlNx8GB1+ncSxdThxjUWg5032woLHgXr1IO6JvWqCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:07:52.326894Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2409.10531","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:eea386ef59e2ab853c77597b092bb5da7b459995ff60d587b05f706fc5b5340b","sha256:cc30d069ca4b982f8c7bf562e97c9d073f2f482366d45ba3b4765dc3b214a8ed"],"state_sha256":"12ad31cbebfac91b764db0e1c707f5f949c0a8f491a2c19aa90e98f286b0e39f"}