{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3","short_pith_number":"pith:DMPBRR3R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"7e4bda84bf4029c4f16e6965aeaf137f07fbc99a403680906b4298dd3cb7f90a","abstract_canon_sha256":"a1f09cb834ae65b7a36cbfdad614340f540a28383218324f49755ea80b0220de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b1e18c7719093a670a5a0b127d82b1ec40ef0048b9bb76b76fba46ec21340da","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2108.13136","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.13136","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.13136v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.13136","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DMPBRR3RSCJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FF","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DMPBRR3R","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"7e4bda84bf4029c4f16e6965aeaf137f07fbc99a403680906b4298dd3cb7f90a","abstract_canon_sha256":"a1f09cb834ae65b7a36cbfdad614340f540a28383218324f49755ea80b0220de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b1e18c7719093a670a5a0b127d82b1ec40ef0048b9bb76b76fba46ec21340da","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.976088Z","signature_b64":"cWR51aIu0qGxLgZ0Giffxqr94vjCZ52SAy0q/VDIPUkR4eFitut1DWYpGyRyx9VLq97BnPP8coZtUCJoZpyCCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1b1e18c7719093a670a5a0b127d82b1ec40ef0048b9bb76b76fba46ec21340da","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.975593Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.975593Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2108.13136","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qhYbv14rCXrX1dtcP/pa1g0No5/x0cGnnAAKe8MXCMz39vseCDXXzER6Qw21nBKQWDTH1SNkqnRH3bWbTacZBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T21:44:10.831086Z"},"content_sha256":"4c5ae306dad99316ef5040baae8b5656881fb626085f0307605bbd29717f61b0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4c5ae306dad99316ef5040baae8b5656881fb626085f0307605bbd29717f61b0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Early Matter Domination from Long-Lived Particles in the Visible Sector","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Jacek K. Osi\\'nski, Rouzbeh Allahverdi","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show that a nonstandard cosmological history with a period of early matter domination driven by a sub-TeV visible-sector particle can arise rather naturally. This scenario involves a long-lived standard model singlet that acquires a thermal abundance at high temperatures from decays and inverse decays of a parent particle with SM charge(s), and subsequently dominates the energy density of the Universe as a frozen species. Entropy generation at the end of early matter domination dilutes the abundance of dangerous relics (such as gravitinos) by a factor as large as $10^4$. The scenario can ac"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2108.13136/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O9OuJYhuJk1jEz0NqVA1bjfPRSH29+YWkuAgttcvwKh8WmUYAPgEsKeJ3G7s+4639daAem/a0NzrU4U1jxL9DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T21:44:10.831632Z"},"content_sha256":"ea13a59af1bb1930d74c8d185f84516b46b2222ad8d4e7fcde8e53c33c988a32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea13a59af1bb1930d74c8d185f84516b46b2222ad8d4e7fcde8e53c33c988a32"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T21:44:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FFUCYSPWBLD3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a1f09cb834ae65b7a36cbfdad614340f540a28383218324f49755ea80b0220de","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"7e4bda84bf4029c4f16e6965aeaf137f07fbc99a403680906b4298dd3cb7f90a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.13136","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.13136v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.13136","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DMPBRR3RSCJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DMPBRR3RSCJ2M4FF","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DMPBRR3R","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ea13a59af1bb1930d74c8d185f84516b46b2222ad8d4e7fcde8e53c33c988a32","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2108.13136/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We show that a nonstandard cosmological history with a period of early matter domination driven by a sub-TeV visible-sector particle can arise rather naturally. This scenario involves a long-lived standard model singlet that acquires a thermal abundance at high temperatures from decays and inverse decays of a parent particle with SM charge(s), and subsequently dominates the energy density of the Universe as a frozen species. Entropy generation at the end of early matter domination dilutes the abundance of dangerous relics (such as gravitinos) by a factor as large as $10^4$. The scenario can ac","authors_text":"Jacek K. Osi\\'nski, Rouzbeh Allahverdi","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","title":"Early Matter Domination from Long-Lived Particles in the Visible Sector"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4c5ae306dad99316ef5040baae8b5656881fb626085f0307605bbd29717f61b0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a1f09cb834ae65b7a36cbfdad614340f540a28383218324f49755ea80b0220de","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2021-08-30T11:50:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"7e4bda84bf4029c4f16e6965aeaf137f07fbc99a403680906b4298dd3cb7f90a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.13136","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1b1e18c7719093a670a5a0b127d82b1ec40ef0048b9bb76b76fba46ec21340da","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1b1e18c7719093a670a5a0b127d82b1ec40ef0048b9bb76b76fba46ec21340da","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.975593Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.975593Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cWR51aIu0qGxLgZ0Giffxqr94vjCZ52SAy0q/VDIPUkR4eFitut1DWYpGyRyx9VLq97BnPP8coZtUCJoZpyCCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:49:17.976088Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2108.13136","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4c5ae306dad99316ef5040baae8b5656881fb626085f0307605bbd29717f61b0","sha256:ea13a59af1bb1930d74c8d185f84516b46b2222ad8d4e7fcde8e53c33c988a32"],"state_sha256":"2d9e329515320887d60af036fe92caf1c05b865c1b9b71fb72cd118234f578ff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zr46ugPK+ZoMWkEqqGfNo0fv/t/LJIG9lHMpLDqKvDKCnjVcCznkeX9A+iRtlOuzqEfojBcqGssCnCIa1zMtCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T21:44:10.835154Z","bundle_sha256":"0cf3207e51908bcb55cc331d8cfcf60a16817c7c9d6a82f67485295fed0b7a2c"}}