{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU","short_pith_number":"pith:DQL6J577","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f72be5cdc1beb723d7e84a2a8176c712634e073dced0b4f5b38fb9c7ac36b947","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec7b8aed3936696519598312d34cf021e9c9da13860e359d4fed1dde26ac10d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1c17e4f7ff0f079d1eed9d9c3a4cbfbd1bebf5ab85b6c42ba5c1ad80f86ea774","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.13771","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.13771","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.13771v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.13771","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DQL6J577B4DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DQL6J577B4DZ2HXN","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DQL6J577","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f72be5cdc1beb723d7e84a2a8176c712634e073dced0b4f5b38fb9c7ac36b947","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec7b8aed3936696519598312d34cf021e9c9da13860e359d4fed1dde26ac10d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1c17e4f7ff0f079d1eed9d9c3a4cbfbd1bebf5ab85b6c42ba5c1ad80f86ea774","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.521582Z","signature_b64":"VauEMej4Bvy0HznO7nV7TZ3TBJfUrl7CqL1v2tBwrno9NIW0hgcgR3rT7iP9alIY1WMe4WSg+kwkeRkhxSa/Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1c17e4f7ff0f079d1eed9d9c3a4cbfbd1bebf5ab85b6c42ba5c1ad80f86ea774","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.520851Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.520851Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.13771","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GIce6jvBogGUVLF/t8PIZ25L/h9W6zGzKOAlX8g+QUpBxJXDM0IjhRuf1Ss3IPkngRcXN6EDOq5yGJYB8jouDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T11:52:30.210760Z"},"content_sha256":"05a498c5d397ebec2c4c42509d579ece182b2456f031f2b5cab4988b8ee5edca","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:05a498c5d397ebec2c4c42509d579ece182b2456f031f2b5cab4988b8ee5edca"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Exact CMB B-mode power spectrum from anisotropic cosmic birefringence","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Toshiya Namikawa","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"We calculate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode power spectrum resulting from anisotropic cosmic birefringence, without relying on the thin approximation of the last scattering surface. Specifically, we consider the influence of anisotropic cosmic birefringence arising from massless axion-like particles. Comparing our results to those obtained using the thin approximation, we observe a suppression in the amplitude of the $B$-mode power spectrum by approximately an order of magnitude at large angular scales ($\\ell \\lesssim 10$) and by a factor of two at small angular scales ($\\ell \\"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.13771/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QxRmVbyEVc7ZHsLYdrGKztYwyIaIA8ITV7HL1VJ6GlpWvf28bW+qjz+KMQcNxIZRXrtGvRX3fY9qx8ZSEa3HAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T11:52:30.211268Z"},"content_sha256":"7cda80ba85e24f606dd3dbcddbfd1ad49812dc859bf9d90829d3f7cb1ae65d1e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7cda80ba85e24f606dd3dbcddbfd1ad49812dc859bf9d90829d3f7cb1ae65d1e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T11:52:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:DQL6J577B4DZ2HXNTWODUTF7XU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec7b8aed3936696519598312d34cf021e9c9da13860e359d4fed1dde26ac10d1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"f72be5cdc1beb723d7e84a2a8176c712634e073dced0b4f5b38fb9c7ac36b947"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.13771","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.13771v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.13771","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DQL6J577B4DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DQL6J577B4DZ2HXN","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DQL6J577","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7cda80ba85e24f606dd3dbcddbfd1ad49812dc859bf9d90829d3f7cb1ae65d1e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.13771/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We calculate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode power spectrum resulting from anisotropic cosmic birefringence, without relying on the thin approximation of the last scattering surface. Specifically, we consider the influence of anisotropic cosmic birefringence arising from massless axion-like particles. Comparing our results to those obtained using the thin approximation, we observe a suppression in the amplitude of the $B$-mode power spectrum by approximately an order of magnitude at large angular scales ($\\ell \\lesssim 10$) and by a factor of two at small angular scales ($\\ell \\","authors_text":"Toshiya Namikawa","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","title":"Exact CMB B-mode power spectrum from anisotropic cosmic birefringence"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:05a498c5d397ebec2c4c42509d579ece182b2456f031f2b5cab4988b8ee5edca","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec7b8aed3936696519598312d34cf021e9c9da13860e359d4fed1dde26ac10d1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2024-04-21T20:47:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"f72be5cdc1beb723d7e84a2a8176c712634e073dced0b4f5b38fb9c7ac36b947"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.13771","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1c17e4f7ff0f079d1eed9d9c3a4cbfbd1bebf5ab85b6c42ba5c1ad80f86ea774","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1c17e4f7ff0f079d1eed9d9c3a4cbfbd1bebf5ab85b6c42ba5c1ad80f86ea774","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.520851Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.520851Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VauEMej4Bvy0HznO7nV7TZ3TBJfUrl7CqL1v2tBwrno9NIW0hgcgR3rT7iP9alIY1WMe4WSg+kwkeRkhxSa/Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.521582Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.13771","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:05a498c5d397ebec2c4c42509d579ece182b2456f031f2b5cab4988b8ee5edca","sha256:7cda80ba85e24f606dd3dbcddbfd1ad49812dc859bf9d90829d3f7cb1ae65d1e"],"state_sha256":"cb2dc7c4402d38b6a0f3b93e5f8b02fcc98e28c8533b069a6ba0ff681a496074"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LA+QNAi4mFbuQ1DulAizFZoPjmCRl0jY0YJXa4SHFBdeQMNSpWzVRx72/j2H4UyjVA1me/sNNB8EeIzQZWMhAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T11:52:30.215481Z","bundle_sha256":"5b0abe34dafd8fed74e18a4b89ee04ea3d4fc9a8b31c289e77528f9231f6f7e7"}}