{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI","short_pith_number":"pith:EOJ575WT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c5fa35291e317025cf15a16ef17a53ec025ef00199dd26f427734f447de54635","abstract_canon_sha256":"353949cceef276f4eafeebbe2e266baa75a569bf6ee98782bbbf475d602b1dea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2393dff6d34825f9d8468f869bc2258210462a03a54fc4415ce63e471e9cee8c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1609.08210","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.08210","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.08210v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.08210","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EOJ575WTJAS7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EOJ575WTJAS7TWCG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EOJ575WT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c5fa35291e317025cf15a16ef17a53ec025ef00199dd26f427734f447de54635","abstract_canon_sha256":"353949cceef276f4eafeebbe2e266baa75a569bf6ee98782bbbf475d602b1dea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2393dff6d34825f9d8468f869bc2258210462a03a54fc4415ce63e471e9cee8c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.379000Z","signature_b64":"eMtsZfWZJq0TwEUimIcCAW3yrnySVti+OsXVomdw2+GQhYvo9yOEG8KTUDJHyT7fCKOB78nNqSC3fN1UxC3XBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2393dff6d34825f9d8468f869bc2258210462a03a54fc4415ce63e471e9cee8c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.378382Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.378382Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1609.08210","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mN681Oc0TPHOKEWn2X4nznGEZ7OEwUCYYTJVMCpdUEJRbFQXl1OzyGdOtdlivuchgeB9uNkFkQbqUoZpO+OqBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T07:50:11.219817Z"},"content_sha256":"93a6aa4d43baca06deb6c3c29627d08cc38bcc592fb24f55113ced2f0bb53cb1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:93a6aa4d43baca06deb6c3c29627d08cc38bcc592fb24f55113ced2f0bb53cb1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning to Translate for Multilingual Question Answering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Elizabeth Boschee, Ferhan Ture","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"In multilingual question answering, either the question needs to be translated into the document language, or vice versa. In addition to direction, there are multiple methods to perform the translation, four of which we explore in this paper: word-based, 10-best, context-based, and grammar-based. We build a feature for each combination of translation direction and method, and train a model that learns optimal feature weights. On a large forum dataset consisting of posts in English, Arabic, and Chinese, our novel learn-to-translate approach was more effective than a strong baseline (p<0.05): tr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7sfUyJj8NORMPBihBjadt1rKY/AoAAL/eP/ZpIadAralmIAJDG+NVI1ERSU8rNpgyHoKyIWyJwqcKGArYkz2AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T07:50:11.220167Z"},"content_sha256":"153396c78d737ae49228dd1b54cf4aa8009000e72745ad49aa4a30f33c570ba3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:153396c78d737ae49228dd1b54cf4aa8009000e72745ad49aa4a30f33c570ba3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-24T07:50:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:EOJ575WTJAS7TWCGR6DJXQRFQI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"353949cceef276f4eafeebbe2e266baa75a569bf6ee98782bbbf475d602b1dea","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5fa35291e317025cf15a16ef17a53ec025ef00199dd26f427734f447de54635"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.08210","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.08210v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.08210","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EOJ575WTJAS7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EOJ575WTJAS7TWCG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EOJ575WT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:153396c78d737ae49228dd1b54cf4aa8009000e72745ad49aa4a30f33c570ba3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In multilingual question answering, either the question needs to be translated into the document language, or vice versa. In addition to direction, there are multiple methods to perform the translation, four of which we explore in this paper: word-based, 10-best, context-based, and grammar-based. We build a feature for each combination of translation direction and method, and train a model that learns optimal feature weights. On a large forum dataset consisting of posts in English, Arabic, and Chinese, our novel learn-to-translate approach was more effective than a strong baseline (p<0.05): tr","authors_text":"Elizabeth Boschee, Ferhan Ture","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","title":"Learning to Translate for Multilingual Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:93a6aa4d43baca06deb6c3c29627d08cc38bcc592fb24f55113ced2f0bb53cb1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"353949cceef276f4eafeebbe2e266baa75a569bf6ee98782bbbf475d602b1dea","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2016-09-26T22:12:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5fa35291e317025cf15a16ef17a53ec025ef00199dd26f427734f447de54635"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.08210","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2393dff6d34825f9d8468f869bc2258210462a03a54fc4415ce63e471e9cee8c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2393dff6d34825f9d8468f869bc2258210462a03a54fc4415ce63e471e9cee8c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.378382Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.378382Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"eMtsZfWZJq0TwEUimIcCAW3yrnySVti+OsXVomdw2+GQhYvo9yOEG8KTUDJHyT7fCKOB78nNqSC3fN1UxC3XBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:46.379000Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1609.08210","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:93a6aa4d43baca06deb6c3c29627d08cc38bcc592fb24f55113ced2f0bb53cb1","sha256:153396c78d737ae49228dd1b54cf4aa8009000e72745ad49aa4a30f33c570ba3"],"state_sha256":"75a8340d9fa7d82e576069500ae13aeb0a7286f612b41269bf025eca216feab7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EjNKHM1RkovuoYLfoOSQzetCWsiAiuXk4NxKTNk+Fv8npjw31Qg6/c3Z6Ta/VzkLEX2zN1kI7tc1jzZIf/wRDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T07:50:11.222135Z","bundle_sha256":"331813ae34584ffd916432ee44c3f38e374cb384869eba45d6d200b7adeff2d5"}}