{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ","short_pith_number":"pith:FUYL3TEQ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"2d30bdcc90864e5a9d6cfc2035ab69b435e420795f9f5d8bbcadbfb2d7f32e83","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2108.03657","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Communicating Visualizations without Visuals: Investigation of Visualization Alternative Text for People with Visual Impairments","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Atharva Kulkarni, Crescentia Jung, Shubham Mehta, Yea-Seul Kim, Yuhang Zhao","submitted_at":"2021-08-08T14:51:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Alternative text is critical in communicating graphics to people who are blind or have low vision. Especially for graphics that contain rich information, such as visualizations, poorly written or an absence of alternative texts can worsen the information access inequality for people with visual impairments. In this work, we consolidate existing guidelines and survey current practices to inspect to what extent current practices and recommendations are aligned. Then, to gain more insight into what people want in visualization alternative texts, we interviewed 22 people with visual impairments re"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.03657","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-08-08T14:51:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"24eac4b4c0ffa88734a14bcf3fbd9f0276ac469fbcfcebda7c4381678809180a","abstract_canon_sha256":"653825c658ee5255497b497f321e07d9b66f2cfbc63c87a0bf1ac80a29910b71"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271852Z","signature_b64":"QjKqBkKxIq/B+3Bze4ZysZlMe3T5dYdLarBC0VeXYDD18HKg1Vxpd5PDDPA6TBFxkHj5GsBGEuOF65LGzqryDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2d30bdcc90864e5a9d6cfc2035ab69b435e420795f9f5d8bbcadbfb2d7f32e83","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271392Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271392Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Communicating Visualizations without Visuals: Investigation of Visualization Alternative Text for People with Visual Impairments","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Atharva Kulkarni, Crescentia Jung, Shubham Mehta, Yea-Seul Kim, Yuhang Zhao","submitted_at":"2021-08-08T14:51:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Alternative text is critical in communicating graphics to people who are blind or have low vision. Especially for graphics that contain rich information, such as visualizations, poorly written or an absence of alternative texts can worsen the information access inequality for people with visual impairments. In this work, we consolidate existing guidelines and survey current practices to inspect to what extent current practices and recommendations are aligned. Then, to gain more insight into what people want in visualization alternative texts, we interviewed 22 people with visual impairments re"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.03657","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2108.03657/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.03657","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.03657v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.03657","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FUYL3TEQQZHF","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FUYL3TEQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FUYL3TEQ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FUYL3TEQ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2108.03657&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/FUYL3TEQQZHFVHLM7QQDLK3JWQ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T03:04:08.271458+00:00"}