{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB","short_pith_number":"pith:GW3UC45A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"86d205728a7cb697499aa6f5b124badcc9b3d599a1006e4cfcf31cea5a2b861f","abstract_canon_sha256":"00e61fb3adbf5ee0f7c4a3d01a8e51218cf1ecba492053cad89cd2b396ed8c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"35b74173a07833741fe5b9c69dafeb40406ee93462a5f03f59a1f38d64dd709f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1905.02776","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.02776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.02776v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.02776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GW3UC45APAZX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GW3UC45APAZXIH7F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GW3UC45A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"86d205728a7cb697499aa6f5b124badcc9b3d599a1006e4cfcf31cea5a2b861f","abstract_canon_sha256":"00e61fb3adbf5ee0f7c4a3d01a8e51218cf1ecba492053cad89cd2b396ed8c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"35b74173a07833741fe5b9c69dafeb40406ee93462a5f03f59a1f38d64dd709f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406937Z","signature_b64":"QVCByFR+P1GBLKBnbAYosM4JR+oVeXzsPuGKVYGiCL5+bkZ/BeGi2PBp4V1wZzCJagAYiCZ3saaCzQ0XJ7nUCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"35b74173a07833741fe5b9c69dafeb40406ee93462a5f03f59a1f38d64dd709f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406296Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406296Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1905.02776","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WKXkbxy6Lm925iGgJ8WuwVTOY7zOEBS1RBM4WE5hWx9HyuCWjilPMO6pTEsUHIlCV5qzDqcgm1fZOErOW6ZbDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T23:21:47.026447Z"},"content_sha256":"1612e6ec54589d11221d37a33adf0f885bdbdb1f7aaaf64c2d1e58f6adaec5ed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1612e6ec54589d11221d37a33adf0f885bdbdb1f7aaaf64c2d1e58f6adaec5ed"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal Randomness in Swarm-Based Search","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Jiamin Wei, YangQuan Chen, Yongguang Yu, Yuquan Chen","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"L\\'{e}vy flights is a random walk where the step-lengths have a probability distribution that is heavy-tailed. It has been shown that L\\'{e}vy flights can maximize the efficiency of resource searching in uncertain environments, and also movements of many foragers and wandering animals have been shown to follow a L\\'{e}vy distribution. The reason mainly comes from that the L\\'{e}vy distribution, has an infinite second moment, and hence is more likely to generate an offspring that is farther away from its parent. However, the investigation into the efficiency of other different heavy-tailed prob"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RxU4jD9bvcd/YgNrHnaKRtJUBHuydxcFTecXHH+BHIqsyyrfuFRSitT9wH1dm20vkypxnj8QJukF6lPIS4qCCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T23:21:47.026795Z"},"content_sha256":"9eb4204e3e7ae355968ae845b711607d82837731ef5ae02a1f3e5eeec48d4610","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9eb4204e3e7ae355968ae845b711607d82837731ef5ae02a1f3e5eeec48d4610"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-21T23:21:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:GW3UC45APAZXIH7FXHDJ3L7LIB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00e61fb3adbf5ee0f7c4a3d01a8e51218cf1ecba492053cad89cd2b396ed8c3d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"86d205728a7cb697499aa6f5b124badcc9b3d599a1006e4cfcf31cea5a2b861f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.02776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.02776v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.02776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"GW3UC45APAZX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"GW3UC45APAZXIH7F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"GW3UC45A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9eb4204e3e7ae355968ae845b711607d82837731ef5ae02a1f3e5eeec48d4610","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"L\\'{e}vy flights is a random walk where the step-lengths have a probability distribution that is heavy-tailed. It has been shown that L\\'{e}vy flights can maximize the efficiency of resource searching in uncertain environments, and also movements of many foragers and wandering animals have been shown to follow a L\\'{e}vy distribution. The reason mainly comes from that the L\\'{e}vy distribution, has an infinite second moment, and hence is more likely to generate an offspring that is farther away from its parent. However, the investigation into the efficiency of other different heavy-tailed prob","authors_text":"Jiamin Wei, YangQuan Chen, Yongguang Yu, Yuquan Chen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","title":"Optimal Randomness in Swarm-Based Search"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1612e6ec54589d11221d37a33adf0f885bdbdb1f7aaaf64c2d1e58f6adaec5ed","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00e61fb3adbf5ee0f7c4a3d01a8e51218cf1ecba492053cad89cd2b396ed8c3d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2019-05-07T19:17:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"86d205728a7cb697499aa6f5b124badcc9b3d599a1006e4cfcf31cea5a2b861f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.02776","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"35b74173a07833741fe5b9c69dafeb40406ee93462a5f03f59a1f38d64dd709f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"35b74173a07833741fe5b9c69dafeb40406ee93462a5f03f59a1f38d64dd709f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406296Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406296Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QVCByFR+P1GBLKBnbAYosM4JR+oVeXzsPuGKVYGiCL5+bkZ/BeGi2PBp4V1wZzCJagAYiCZ3saaCzQ0XJ7nUCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:49.406937Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1905.02776","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1612e6ec54589d11221d37a33adf0f885bdbdb1f7aaaf64c2d1e58f6adaec5ed","sha256:9eb4204e3e7ae355968ae845b711607d82837731ef5ae02a1f3e5eeec48d4610"],"state_sha256":"44b639a3a9abe0708cc44de2b0ab5c0bf71fc0a26a0037240352495d2da89c80"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"glnIwBxPdEuvJ9+dQMn+QQ37jqL8mxiQNNW5jTMwRSayZW/2ivtdzUlyBagMe1uH1nAd7W0c98r+yraPO3WaAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-21T23:21:47.028712Z","bundle_sha256":"2c5db4b38804cbc7cfa71acb1390d0935ac9a4d878b90b6a8af2a4f669d1da63"}}